Additional file 1: of Ibuprofen plasma concentration profile in deliberate ibuprofen overdose with circulatory depression treated with therapeutic plasma exchange: a case report

Measured Ibuprofen in plasma (IPC), creatinine and norepinephrine doses, and predicted IPC elimination. Raw Data Set of the measured Ibuprofen in plasma, creatinine and norepinephrine levels and the calculated values for the interpolation of predicted IPC elimination. A - Time course of Ibuprofen plasma concentration measured/predicted and serum-creatinine. B – Norepinephrine-dose and blood pH over time. C – Logarithmic plasma concentration of Ibuprofen (measured/predicted) over time. (XLSX 53 kb

Nonaqueous Microemulsions Based on <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′‑Alkylimidazolium Alkylsulfate Ionic Liquids

The ternary system composed of the ionic liquid surfactant (IL-S) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dodecylsulfate ([Bmim]­[DodSO₄]), the room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([Emim]­[EtSO₄]), and toluene has been investigated. Three major mechanisms guiding the structure of the isotropic phase were identified by means of conductometric experiments, which have been correlated to the presence of oil-in-IL, bicontinuous, and IL-in-oil microemulsions. IL-S forms micelles in toluene, which swell by adding RTIL as to be shown by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments. Therefore, it is possible to form water-free IL-in-oil reverse microemulsions ≤10 nm in size as a new type of nanoreactor

Independent validation of the ICU requirement score in a cohort of acutely poisoned adults

<p><b>Objective:</b> To independently validate the predictive value of the intensive care requirement score (IRS) in unselected poisoned patients.</p> <p><b>Design:</b> Retrospective chart review.</p> <p><b>Patients and methods:</b> Five hundred and seventeen out of 585 admissions for acute intoxications could be analyzed. Eleven were excluded for a condition already requiring intensive care unit (ICU) support at admission (e.g., preclinical intubation). A further 57 admissions were excluded due to missing data. The IRS was calculated using a point-scoring system including age, Glasgow Coma Scale, heart rate, type of intoxication, and preexisting conditions. It was then compared to a composite endpoint indicating an ICU requirement (death in hospital, vasopressors, need for ventilation). The endpoint and the point-scoring system were identical to the original publication of the score.</p> <p><b>Results and conclusion:</b> Twenty-three out of 517 patients had a complicated clinical course as defined by meeting the endpoint definition. Twenty-one out of 23 complicated courses had a positive IRS (defined as greater or equal 6 points), as compared to 255/494 patients with an uncomplicated clinical course (<i>p</i> < .001, Fisher’s exact test). One patient (with a positive IRS) died. The negative predictive value of the IRS was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.97–1), the sensitivity was 0.91 and the specificity 0.48. In conclusion, the IRS is significantly linked to outcome. While a negative IRS virtually excludes the need for ICU care, a positive IRS has a positive predictive value too low to be used for risk stratification. The IRS could also be applied to unselected admissions of poisoned patients.</p

Ideal Polyethylene Nanocrystals

The water-soluble catalyst precursor [[(2,4,6-(3,5-(CF₃)₂C₆H₃)₃-C₆H₂)-NC­(H)-(3-(9-anthryl)-2-O-C₆H₃)-κ²-N,O]­Ni­(CH₃)­(TPPTS)] (TPPTS = tri­(sodiumphenylsulfonate)­phosphine) polymerizes ethylene to aqueous dispersions of highly ordered nanoscale crystals (crystallinity χ­(DSC) ≥ 90%) of strictly linear polyethylene (<0.7 methyl-branches/1000 carbon atoms, <i>M</i>_n = 4.2 × 10⁵ g mol^–1). SAXS in combination with cryo-TEM confirms this unusually high degree of order (χ­(SAXS) = 82%) and shows the nanoparticles to possess a very thin amorphous layer on the crystalline lamella, just sufficient to accommodate a loop, but likely no entanglements. This ideal chain-folded structure is corroborated by annealing studies on the aqueous-dispersed nanoparticles, which show that the chain can move through the crystal as evidenced by lamella thickening without disturbing the crystalline order as concluded from an unaltered low thickness of the amorphous layers. These ideal chain-folded polyethylene nanocrystals arise from the crystallization in the confined environment of a nanoparticle and a deposition of the growing polymer chain on the crystal growth front as the chain is formed by the catalyst