Water Quality of the West Branch of the Dupage River and Kline Creek, Illinois, as Evaluated Using the Arthropod Fauna and Chemical Measurements

The water quality of the West Branch of the DuPage River (W. Branch) and Kline Creek, a tributary of the W. Branch, were examined. Both streams are located in rapidly developing DuPage County, IL. Using Hilsenhoff\u27s biotic index of the arthropod fauna and selected chemical measurements, the W. Branch was found to be moderately polluted and Kline Creek moderately to severely polluted. High mean biotic index measurements ranging from 6.28 to 7.97, ammonia- nitrogen readings of 1.0-3.9 ppm, nitrate-nitrogen readings of 0.4-1.6 ppm, chloride readings of 231-313 ppm, and orthophosphate readings of 0.3-0.5 ppm reflect organically polluted waters in both streams. Stream channelization and modification may also be contributing to the less than optimal water quality at the headwater of the W. Branch

Implementing Open Access Policy: First case studies

When implementing open access, policy pioneers and flagship institutions alike have faced considerable challenges in meeting their own aims and achieving a recognized success. Legitimate authority, sufficient resources and the right timing are crucial, but the professionals charged with implementing policy still need several years to accomplish significant progress. This study defines a methodological standard for evaluating the first generation of open access policies. Evaluating implementation establishes evidence, enables reflection, and may foster the emergence of a second generation of open access policies. While the study is based on a small number of cases, these case studies cover most of the pioneer institutions, present the most significant issues and offer an international overview. Each case is reconstructed individually on the basis of public documents and background information, and supported by interviews with professionals responsible for open access implementation. This article presents the highlights from each case study. The results are utilized to indicate how a second generation of policies might define open access as a key component of digital research infrastructures that provide inputs and outputs for research, teaching and learning in real time.</p

Congener Host Selection by the Pre-Dispersal Seed Predator, \u3ci\u3eApion Rostrum\u3c/i\u3e (Coleoptera: Apionidae)

Apion rostrum Say (Coleoptera: Apionidae) is the major seed predator of the wild indigo congeners, Baptisia alba and B. bracteata in the Russell Kirt Tallgrass Prairie, a reconstructed prairie located at College of DuPage, Illinois. This study, conducted during 2006, investigated factors attracting A. rostrum to each congener. The two Baptisia differ in developmental period, stature, and patterns of dispersion. B. bracteata flowers and initiates pods usually along a single raceme during late spring, and is a shorter plant that grows in clusters. In contrast, B. alba flowers and initiates pods beginning a month after B. bracteata, produces a tall central raceme with often several satellite racemes, and does not grow in dense clusters. Mating and ovipositing A. rostrum were observed on B. bracteata during the first half of June, and with greater abundance on B. alba from early June through mid July. Results of stepwise multiple regression showed a positive relationship of weevil counts per plant to raceme counts per cluster for B. bracteata and to inflated pod counts per plant for B. alba. The developmental synchrony between A. rostrum and pods of B. alba is evidence of a closer evolutionary relationship than the seed predator has with B. bracteata. This can explain the greater number of reproductive weevils seen on B. alba as well as the higher levels of pod infestations

Remaking the United States Supreme Court in the Courts’ of Appeals Image

We argue that Congress should remake the United States Supreme Court in the U.S. courts\u27 of appeals image by increasing the size of the Court\u27s membership, authorizing panel decisionmaking, and retaining an en banc procedure for select cases. In so doing, Congress would expand the Court\u27s capacity to decide cases, facilitating enhanced clarity and consistency in the law as well as heightened monitoring of lower courts and the other branches. Remaking the Court in this way would not only expand the Court\u27s decisionmaking capacity but also improve the Court\u27s composition, competence, and functioning

Selective Pod Abortion by \u3ci\u3eBaptista Leucantha\u3c/i\u3e (Fabaceae) as Affected by a Curculionid Seed Predator, \u3ci\u3eApion Rostrum\u3c/i\u3e (Coleoptera)

The effect of a seed predator, Apion rostrum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), on selective pod abortion from Baptisia leucantha (Fabaceae) was investigated in a restored tallgrass prairie plot. Weevil densities in and undamaged seed contents of attached and detached pods were compared over four occasions during the summer of 1993. Detached pods had similar to lower counts of weevils/pod and fewer seeds/pod than attached pods. Weevil density in pods appears only important in promoting pod abortIon through affects on seed number/pod as pods having fewer seeds are selectively aborted

Multiple axis reticle

A reticle permits the alignment of three orthogonal axes (X, Y and Z) that intersect at a common target point. Thin, straight filaments are supported on a frame. The filaments are each contained in a different orthogonal plane (S sub xy, S sub xz, and S sub yz) and each filament intersects two of the three orthogonal axes. The filaments, as viewed along the frame axis, give the appearance of a triangle with a V extending from each triangle vertex. When axial alignment is achieved, the filament portions adjacent to a triangle vertex are seen (along the axis of interest) as a right-angle cross, whereas these filament portions are seen to intersect at an oblique angle when axial misalignment occurs. The reticle is open in the region near the target point leaving ample space for alignment aids such as a pentaprism or a cube mirror

Cnemidophorus sexlineatus

Number of Pages: 12Integrative BiologyGeological Science