A Study on Edible Polymer Films for Food Packaging Industry: Current Scenario and Advancements

Over the past two decades, food packaging and packaging industry have paid close attention to create biodegradable and edible polymer films and coatings. In a broad way, edible polymers emerged as a new class of materials that garnered significant properties due to their advantages over synthetic petroleum-based films. When compared to conventional packaging materials, edible polymer films can fundamentally simplify products, improving their potential to be recycled. This work aims to give readers a thorough introduction to edible polymer films, by discussing present research trends, classification, functionality and composition, fabrication, and characterization. The work also emphasizes the advantages and disadvantages of edible polymer films based on meat, poultry, dairy products, fruits, nuts, and vegetables

Introgression Lines with Improved Resistance to Late Leaf Spot and Rust in Peanut

In an effort to simultaneously transfer and map the genomic regions governing resistance to late leaf spot (LLS) and rust in peanut, two susceptible varieties (lCGS 76 and OH 86) were crossed to two resistant synthetic tetraploids; an amphidiploid, ISATGR 278- 18 (Arachis duranensis x Arachis batizocoi) and an autotetraploid, ISATGR 5B (Arachis magna x Arachis batizocoi). Two cycles of backcrossing with the recurrent parents resulted in the development of a large number of introgression lines (ILs). They (BCl6 and BCl,) were evaluated during the rainy season of 2013 and 2014. ILs differed significantly for LLS and rust resistance, and productivity traits. Twenty seven introgression lines superior over lCGS 76, and three ILs superior over OH 86 for pod yield were selected from respective crosses. Many of them were highly resistant to both LLS and rust. Majority of them carried resistant allele at marker loci linked to LLS and rust. A few ILs also combined high test weight, shelling percentage and sound mature kernel percentage. Of these introgression lines, eleven were also superior over GPBO 4, a national check variety. These genetic resources can be of immense use in peanut breeding or for commercialization

Kinetics and mechanism of uncatalyzed and ruthenium(lll) catalyzed oxidation of allyl alcohol by N-bromosuccinimide in aqueous alkaline medium

865-869The title reaction is carried out in aqueous alkaline medium and is first order in (NBS] both in the presence and absence of ruthenium(III) catalyst. However, the order in [allyl alcohol] is unity in the absence and fractional in the presence of Ru(III) catalyst. Increase in [OH-] accelerates the reaction rate while the added succinimide retards the reaction rate in both the cases. Increase in the ionic strength and t-butanol content in the reaction medium have negligible effect in both the cases. A mechanism involving the hypobromate ion as the reactive species of the oxidant has been proposed. The reaction constants of individual steps of reaction mechanism have been evaluated