2 research outputs found
Lipase Production from Bacillus subtilis using various Agricultural waste
- Publication venue
- 'Infogain Publication'
- Publication date
- 01/05/2017
- Field of study
Lipases was produced by Bacillus subtilis PCSIR NL-38 strain and rape seed oil cake as substrate. Surface fermentation of minimal media in 250ml conical flask under static conditions gave 12.81 U/ml of lipases at 40°C for 48 hours. Lipase activity was monitored titrimatrically. Optimization of physicochemical parameters indicated that PCSIR NL-38 showed maximum lipase production at pH 7 with NH4NO3 as inorganic nitrogen source, glucose as carbon source, FeSO4.7H2O as salt, with 7% inoculum size and 96 hours of incubation
Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies
- Author
- Aage Christiansen
- Aaradhana Adhikari
- Aaron Venti
- Aayesha Qadeer
- Abdellatif Benslama
- Abigail Beane
- Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal
- Abul Faiz
- Adam B Schlichting
- Adam Bell Bell
- Adenilton M R Ampinelli
- Aditya Uppalapati
- Adrian Donnelly
- Adriana M Fernandez
- Adrien Robine
- Aftab Akhtar
- Agreta Gecaj-Gashi
- Ahmed Farooq
- Ahmed S Al Jabbary
- Ahmet Dilek
- Ahmet Sukru Denker
- Ai Y Hang
- Aiman Tulaimat
- Akihiro Takaba
- Akinori Uchiyama
- Akira Hirata
- Akm Shamsul Alam
- Akut Aytulun
- Alain Combes
- Alain M Dive
- Alain Mercat
- Alain U Alisasis
- Alan Zazu
- Alastair Rose
- Alberto Deicas
- Alec A Tallet Alfonso
- Alejandro A Saez
- Alejandro Ebeid
- Alejandro G Castro
- Alejandro R Bruhn
- Alek Kumar
- Alessandro Bacuzzi
- Alessandro Protti
- Alessia Mattei
- Alex Mcleod
- Alex Morton
- Alexandra Ceniceros-Barros
- Alexandra J Williams
- Alexandra Marcu
- Alexandra Siqueira Colombo
- Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti
- Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti
- Alexandre Chan
- Alexandre Demoule
- Alexandre Guilherme Ribeiro de Carvalho
- Alexandre Molin
- Alexandre Molin
- Alexey I Gritsan
- Alfons Arizmendi
- Aline Ascoli
- Alison Ghosh
- Alistair Nichol
- Alistair Roy Roy
- Alma Cani
- Alvaro Ramirez-Gutierrez
- Amadeu Martinez
- Amanda Cowton
- Amanda Krstevski
- Amanda Maria R R de Oliveira
- Amanda Skinner
- Amanda Whileman
- Amine Ali Zeggwagh
- Amine Ali Zeggwagh
- Amy McInerney
- Ana Carolina P Antônio
- Ana Carolina Peçanha
- Ana G França
- Ana M Araujo
- Ana M Pellicer
- Anais Briquet
- Anand Dongre
- Anatole Harrois
- Anders Aneman
- Anders Larsson
- Andre Japiassu
- Andre Luiz Baptiston Nunes
- Andre Luiz Baptiston Nunes
- Andre Vercueil
- Andrea Coppadoro
- Andrea Cortegiani
- Andrea Cortegiani
- Andrea Lombardo
- Andrea N Cracchiolo
- Andrea Tinnirello
- Andreas Barratt-Due
- Andreas W Reske
- Andrej Sribar
- Andrew Bentley
- Andrew Corner
- Andrew Ferguson
- Andrew J Burtenshaw
- Andrey A Gazenkampf
- André Peretti Torelly
- Angela Delsing
- Angela Pinder
- Aniko D Frigyik
- Anil Hormis
- Anil P Hormis
- Anitha Shenoy
- Anna Hunt
- Anna Oscarsson Tibblin
- Anna Rossi
- Anna T Dowling
- Anna Walker
- Anna-Karin Morin
- Anne Adolfsson
- Anne B Guttormsen
- Annop Piriyapatsom
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- Veronica Villar
- Vesna Bumbasierevic
- Vesna Bumbasirevic
- Vicente Cés de Souza Dantas
- Vijayanand Palaniswamy
- Vincenzo Pota
- Vincenzo Russotto
- Vincenzo Schiavone
- Viratch Tangsujaritvijit
- Virginie Lemiale
- Visanthi Pinto
- Vivek Kakar
- Vladimir Cerny
- Vlasta Klaric
- Wahid Altaf
- Wajdi Maazouzi
- Wei H Zhu
- Wei Wang
- Weihua Lu
- Wenkui Yu
- Wenwen Li
- Werner Schmid
- William Stigler
- Xavier Wittebole
- Xian Y Zhao
- Xiao B Huang
- Xiao L Li
- Xiaoming Luo
- Xing Y Zhang
- Xinyu Li
- Y A Hasitha Dilhani
- Ya Q Wu
- Yaasen Arabi
- Yan Gao
- Yaseen M Arabi
- Yasuaki Ogino
- Yavuz Orak
- Yen Lam Minh
- Yi Han
- Yimin Li
- Yonghao Xu
- Yoshihiro Yamaji
- Yoshinobu Kameyama
- Youssef Haddad
- Youzhong An
- Yozo Kashiwa
- Yu D Di
- Yuan N Gao
- Yuan Y Li
- Yuanhua Lu
- Yves D Jarquin-Badiola
- Zerrin Demirtürk
- Zhe Zhai
- Zheng L Ye
- Zhenyang He
- Zhou Li-Xin
- Álvaro Réa-Neto
- Ángela Algaba
- Ángela González-Salamanca
- Çiler Zincircioglu
- Érica Aranha Suzumura
- Ênio Rego
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies.
Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality.
Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42·4% vs 44·2%; absolute difference -1·69 [-9·58 to 6·11] p=0·67; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5-8] vs 6 [5-8] cm H2O; p=0·0011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30·5% vs 19·9%; p=0·0004; adjusted effect 16·41% [95% CI 9·52-23·52]; p<0·0001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0·80 [95% CI 0·75-0·86]; p<0·0001).
Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status