Effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for Sjogren syndrome - A systematic review

Sjogren?s Syndrome (SS) is characterized by xeropthalmia and/or xerostomia. Treating the associated salivary gland hypofunction has been challenging to the clinicians. A variety of topical and systemic therapies have been tried to restore/stimulate the g

The effect of photodynamic therapy on oral-premalignant lesions : a systematic review

Dentists now have access to a wide range of unique treatment methods as a result of substantial scientific and technological breakthroughs in the field of dentistry. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment procedure that use photosensitize

Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic periodontal disease: An observational study

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic periodontitis share common risk factors and evidence exists showing an association between the two conditions. Aims: This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the gingival and periodontal status of patients having COPD and their comparison with nondiseased individuals. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study recruited 60 patients (30–60 years) with COPD (Group A) and 60 healthy controls (Group B). Patients having cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, and other comorbid illnesses except COPD were excluded from the study. A complete general physical and medical examination of all the patients was completed, case history was recorded, and investigations such as total blood count, chest X-ray, and pulmonary function tests were undertaken. Each patient's gingival and periodontal status as evaluated by an experienced periodontist and oral hygiene simplified index, gingival index (GI) (Loe and silliness), and periodontal index (PI) (Russell's) were recorded. Results and Discussion: Group A patients were significantly older than Group B. There was no statistically significant difference in both groups concerning gender. Group A had 45%, whereas, in Group B, 36.7% of the patients had lower socioeconomic status. In Group A, a higher body mass index >30 kg/m2 was observed in 38.6% of the patients as compared to 26.9% in Group B (P > 0.05). In Group A, higher values of oral hygiene simplified index (2.97 ± 0.02), mean GI (1.96 ± 0.01), and mean PI (4.85 ± 0.01) were observed as compared to Group B (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The study supports an association between COPD and chronic periodontitis. Early detection and treatment of chronic periodontitis may benefit patients with COPD

Role of melatonin in attenuation of haemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation

Background and Aims: Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation are considered as potent stimuli which lead to an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) has been studied for pre-operative anxiolysis and sedation in Intensive Care Unit. We made a hypothesis that melatonin can provide haemodynamic stability during laryngoscopy and intubation when given 120 min before the procedure. Methods: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Grade I and II patients of either gender, 20-45 years old, 40-65 kg body weight, scheduled to undergo elective surgical procedures under general anaesthesia were assigned into two equal groups - Group C (control) and Group M (melatonin). They received oral placebo or melatonin tablets 6 mg, respectively, 120 min before surgery. The haemodynamic parameters were recorded preoperatively, during laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation and thereafter at 1, 3, 5 and 10 min. Unpaired t-test was used for between-group comparison of ratio and interval scale data. For within-group comparison of ratio and interval scale data, repeated-measures ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni t-tests were used. Results: It was observed that in the control group, there was a significant increase in heart rate and blood pressure at laryngoscopy and intubation and persisted till 10 min post-intubation. In melatonin group, there was an insignificant increase in heart rate at the time of laryngoscopy and intubation which however settled within 1 min post-intubation. Conclusion: Melatonin is an effective drug for attenuation of cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation

Anaesthetic management of a pregnant patient posted for laparoscopic appendectomy in third trimester

International audience(Cour de cassation, 3e civ., 8 juin 2006, Houlbresque c/ SCI Angers rue Desjardins - Pourvoi n° 05-14.114, Arrêt n° 696 FS-D

Iron deficiency anemia with menorrhagia: Ferric carboxymaltose a safer alternative to blood transfusion

Background: Menstrual disorder accounts for 5%–10% of the women presenting with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in the perimenopausal age group. Heavy menstrual bleeding in this age group leads to severe anemia and frequently requires blood transfusion which has its own adverse effects. We today have ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) as a safer alternative to blood transfusion. Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of FCM in treating anemia in patients of menorrhagia. Thus avoiding blood transfusion. Materials and Methods: It was an open, single arm observational study including 90 women of age more than 30 years with definitive diagnosis of menorrhagia with IDA and hemoglobin (Hb) levels between 4 gm% and 11 gm%. Intravenous FCM (500–1500 mg) was administered, and the improvement in blood indices was assessed after 3 weeks of total dose infusion. Menorrhagia was controlled by medical treatment till Hb improvement was achieved and definitive surgical intervention was done. Result: Most of the women were in the age group of 40–50 years. Blood indices measured pre-FCM and 3 weeks post-FCM showed a mean increase in Hb from 8.33 ± 1.10 to 10.89 ± 1.02 with a statistically significant P < 0.01. There was a statistically significant rise of packed cell volume, serum ferritin, and serum iron in the post-FCM blood levels after 3 weeks. No serious life-threatening adverse events were observed after FCM administration. Conclusion: Intravenous FCM is an effective and a safe treatment option for IDA with a single administration of high dose without serious adverse effects obviating the need for blood transfusion before surgery

Thermal Analysis on Kerosene Oil-Based Two Groups of Ternary Hybrid Nanoparticles (CNT-Gr-Fe3O4 and MgO-Cu-Au) Mix Flow over a Bidirectional Stretching Sheet: A Comparative Approach

The present work examines the impressions of radiation impact on the three-dimensional non-Newtonian MHD Casson flow of ternary hybrid nanofluids over a symmetrical stretching sheet with magnetic impression and heat generation/absorption. The unique boost in thermal efficiency and development of the rate of heat transport as valid to the dynamics of energy and coolant in automobiles is what has led to an increase in knowledge of hybrid nanofluid. For the study, two groups of ternary nanoparticles (CNT-Gr-Fe3O4 and MgO-Cu-Au) are combined with the base fluid kerosene oil. A nonlinear partial differential equation system is created while keeping in mind some reasonable presumptions. Using the similarities transformation, PDE’s are changed into nonlinear ODE’s. Also, it is then mathematically simplified with the bvp4c technique. The consequences of an exclusive group of unique impacts on motion characteristics, skin friction coefficient, thermal field impressions, heat transport rate, concentration distribution, and mass transfer rate are described clearly. The motion in the x and y directions decays with increasing the Casson fluid parameter 0.04≤β≤0.06 and magnetic impact 6≤M≤10 for ternary groups I and II. An energy upsurge profile appears for radiation impression (1 ≤ Nr ≤ 20) and heat source/sink (0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 1.5). When compared to rising Dufour number (0.1 ≤ Du ≤ 0.9) and heat source/sink values (0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 1.5), the Nusselt number decreases. The volume fraction 0.1≤ϕ≤0.3 of ternary nanoparticles rises the velocity (in both directions) and thermal distributions. Also, the Nusselt number enhances for both ternary groups when increasing thermal radiation (1 ≤ Nr ≤ 20)

Transcervical resection of endometrium: A novel mode of management of patients with abnormal uterine bleeding with chronic kidney disease and renal transplant recipients

Objective: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), especially in cases with chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) have a significant impact on physical, social, economic, and material quality of life of women. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, change in menstrual pattern, and patient satisfaction after transcervical resection of endometrium (TCRE) in women with AUB and CKD who underwent or were awaiting renal transplant and nonrespondents to medical management. Materials and Methodology: Eleven women with CKD (either underwent renal transplant or on dialysis) and AUB who did not respond to medical management underwent TCRE. The study period was 5 years. The main outcome measures were change in menstrual status, level of satisfaction with the procedure, and the need for repeat TCRE or hysterectomy. Results: The average age of the patients was 44.9 years. Out of the 22 women enrolled, 11 responded to medical management and only the remaining 11 women required TCRE. All 11 women underwent hysteroscopic-guided biopsy, and their histopathological reports revealed nonmalignant status. The average operating time for TCRE was 21.5 ± 8.02 min. Postoperatively 9 (81.81%) women had achieved amenorrhea while 2 (18.18%) developed oligomenorrhea. The duration from TCRE to amenorrhea ranges between 7 and 60 days with an average of 31.54 days. None of the women required hysterectomy. Conclusion: TCRE is clinically and cost effective alternative to medical management or hysterectomy in women with AUB and CKD. The cost-effectiveness, work performance, rapid convalescence, and improved the quality of life provide TCRE a “distinct edge” over the definitive management – hysterectomy