Information-Energy Equivalence in Qigong: Reviewing Dossey and Schwartz’s “Therapeutic Intent/Healing Bibliography of Research” in Light of Pang Ming’s Three Levels Theory of Matter

The paper “Therapeutic Intent/Healing Bibliography of Research”[1], together with relevant studies involving the effects of external qi healing found on the PubMed database from January 2000 to July 2012, were reviewed from the point of view of therapeutic intent mechanism and healing intent specificity. From an oriental medicine perspective, therapeutic intent is a form of external qi healing. Research into therapeutic intent has met significant resistance, primarily because there is no obvious theoretical model to account for these phenomena. By applying the Three Levels Theory of Matter as proposed by Zhineng Qigong founder, Pang Ming, this article points the way to such a possible mechanis

VALIDATION FOR QUANTITATIVE OF METHADONE ENANTIOMERS AND ITS MAJOR METABOLITE USING VANCOMYCIN COLUMN COUPLED WITH MASS SPECTROMETRIC DETECTION AND ITS APPLICATION TO CLINICAL SAMPLES

Objective: To develop method to measure both methadone enantiomers and its major metabolite 2-ethylidene-1, 5-dimethyl-3, 3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP) in clinical samples Methods: Five hundredmicroliters plasma/serum was extracted using solid phase extraction (mixed mode SPE-C8/SCX). The eluent was evaporated, reconstituted in mobile phase (95:5, 0.003% formic acid in methanol: 20 mM* ammonium formate) and injected. Result: The recoveries of methadone enantiomers and EDDP were 97% and 89% respectively. Under this condition, methadone enantiomers were successfully separated at baseline but not EDPP. Precision of spiked plasma for intra-day and inter-day was less than five for both methadone enantiomers and less than 12 for EDDP at medium and high quality control samples. Linear relationship between peak area ratio and internal standard were obtained for methadone in the range 5-1000ng/ml, and for EDDP from 5-500ng/ml with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. The limit of quantification was 5ng/ml. Conclusion: The assay was used to analyse serum samples obtained from patients enrolled in a methadone maintenance treatment program

Optimization of palm oil physical refining process for reduction of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) ester formation

The reduction of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) ester formation in refined palm oil was achieved by incorporation of additional processing steps in the physical refining process to remove chloroester precursors prior to the deodorization step. The modified refining process was optimized for the least 3-MCPD ester formation and acceptable refined palm oil quality using response surface methodology (RSM) with five processing parameters: water dosage, phosphoric acid dosage, degumming temperature, activated clay dosage, and deodorization temperature. The removal of chloroester precursors was largely accomplished by increasing the water dosage, while the reduction of 3-MCPD esters was a compromise in oxidative stability and color of the refined palm oil because some factors such as acid dosage, degumming temperature, and deodorization temperature showed contradictory effects. The optimization resulted in 87.2% reduction of 3-MCPD esters from 2.9 mg/kg in the conventional refining process to 0.4 mg/kg, with color and oil stability index values of 2.4 R and 14.3 h, respectively

Ethyl 2-(4-chloro­phen­yl)-1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxyl­ate

In the title compound, C22H17ClN2O2, the essentially planar benzimidazole ring system [maximum deviation = 0.012 (2) Å] forms dihedral angles of 28.69 (6) and 63.65 (7)°, respectively, with the phenyl and chloro-substituted benzene rings. The dihedral angle between the phenyl and benzene rings is 64.23 (8)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into a zigzag chain along the a axis by inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. C—H⋯π inter­actions are also present

Ethyl 2-(4-bromo­phen­yl)-1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxyl­ate

In the title compound, C22H17BrN2O2, the benzimidazole ring system is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.017 (1) Å, and forms dihedral angles of 27.79 (6) and 64.43 (6)° with the phenyl and bromo-substituted benzene rings, respectively. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into one-dimensional chains along the a axis by weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯π inter­actions are also present

(3E,5E)-3,5-Dibenzyl­idene-1-phenethyl­piperidin-4-one

In the title compound, C27H25NO, the piperidine ring adopts an envelope conformation with the N atom at the flap position. The two benzylidene-benzene rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 8.5 (1)°. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimers by pairs of inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The dimers are connected via C—H⋯π inter­actions involving the phenyl rings

Ethyl 1-phenyl-2-[4-(trifluoro­meth­yl)phen­yl]-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxyl­ate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C23H17F3N2O2, contains two mol­ecules. In one of the mol­ecules, the phenyl and triflouromethyl-substituted benzene rings form dihedral angles of 52.05 (8) and 33.70 (8)°, respectively, with the benzimidazole ring system, while the dihedral angle between them is 58.24 (10)°. The corresponding values in the other mol­ecule are 58.40 (8), 25.90 (8) and 60.83 (10)°, respectively. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into chains along [100] by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. Aromatic π–π stacking inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.6700 (12) Å] also occur

7′-(2,5-Dimeth­oxy­phen­yl)-1′,3′,5′,6′,7′,7a’-hexa­hydro­dispiro­[indan-2,5′-pyrrolo­[1,2-c][1,3]thia­zole-6′,2′′-indan]-1,3,1′′-trione

In the title compound, C30H25NO5S, all the five-membered rings are in envelope conformations with the spiro and methylene C atoms as the flap atoms. Intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions stabilize the mol­ecular structure and form S(6) and S(7) ring motifs. The mean plane through the hexa­hydro­pyrrolo­[1,2-c]thia­zole ring [r.m.s deviation of 0.0393 (1) Å] makes dihedral angles of 60.92 (5), 88.33 (4) and 84.12 (4)° with the terminal benzene ring and the mean planes of the mono and di-oxo substituted indan rings, respectively. Mol­ecules are linked by inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions into a three-dimensional network. In addition, C—H⋯π and π–π inter­actions [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.4084 (8) Å] further stabilize the crystal structure

(E)-2-(3-Chloro­benzyl­idene)-5,6-dimeth­oxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one

In the title compound, C18H15ClO3, the dihydro­indenone group makes a dihedral angle of 8.56 (6)° with the bezene ring. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are inter­connected into a three-dimensional network via inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Weak C—H⋯π and π⋯π [centroid–centroid distances 3.6598 (9)–3.6913 (9) Å] inter­actions are also observed

(E)-2-(3,4-Dimeth­oxy­benzyl­idene)-5,6-dimeth­oxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one

In the title compound, C20H20O5, the 2,3-dihydro-1H-indene ring system is essentially planar [maximum deviation = 0.010 (1) Å] and is inclined at an angle of 4.09 (4)° with respect to the phenyl ring. The C=C bond has an E configuration. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are linked into chains propagating in [102] via inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure is further consolidated by C—H⋯π inter­actions