Comprehensive modeling of resistive switching in the Al/TiOx/TiO2/Al heterostructure based on space-charge-limited conduction

The reversible resistance switching (RS) effect of the Al/TiO x/TiO2/Al heterostructure is investigated in this study. This RS was attributed to space-charge-limited conduction (SCLC) as controlled by localized traps in the TiOx layer. The preexisting SCLC theory was extended to describe the abrupt resistance transition. An analytical model was developed with consideration of the ratio of free and trapped carrier density, which was extracted from the experimental data to show exponentially distributed traps in energy. The proposed model can be applicable to RS phenomena induced by interface-type traps in other material system.open231

Enhanced Intracellular Uptake of CdTe Quantum Dots by Conjugation of Oligopeptides

Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS), a typical membrane-permeable carrier peptide, was conjugated with mercaptoisobutyric acid-immobilized CdTe quantum dot (CTNPs) to enhance the intracellular uptake of quantum dots. Mean size of mercaptoisobutyric acid-immobilized quantum dots (37 nm) as determined by dynamic light scattering was increased up to 54 nm after RGDS immobilization. It was found, from in vitro cell culture experiment, that fibroblast (NIH 3T3) cells were well proliferated in the presence of RGDS-conjugated quantum dots (RCTNPs), and the intracellular uptake of CTNPs and RCTNPs was studied by means of ICP and fluorescence microscopy. As a result, the RCTNPs specifically bound to the membrane of NIH 3T3 cells and almost saturated after 6 hours incubation. The amount of RCTNPs uptaken by the cells was higher than that of CTNPs, demonstrating the enhancing effect of RGDS peptide conjugation on the intracellular uptake of quantum dots (QDs)

Synthetic chloride transporters with the binding mode observed in a ClC chloride channel

A series of synthetic molecules bearing the same hydrogen bonding mode observed in StClC were prepared and their transport ability of chloride ion across a lipid membrane was systematically optimized.close4

Immediate Laparoscopic Nontransvesical Repair without Omental Interposition for Vesicovaginal Fistula Developing after Total Abdominal Hysterectomy

Immediate laparoscopic nontransvesical repair for vesicovaginal fistula may be an effective and feasible alternative to traditional repair in select patients

Uncovering transcriptional reprogramming during callus development in soybean: insights and implications

Callus, a valuable tool in plant genetic engineering, originates from dedifferentiated cells. While transcriptional reprogramming during callus formation has been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, our knowledge of this process in other species, such as Glycine max, remains limited. To bridge this gap, our study focused on conducting a time-series transcriptome analysis of soybean callus cultured for various durations (0, 1, 7, 14, 28, and 42 days) on a callus induction medium following wounding with the attempt of identifying genes that play key roles during callus formation. As the result, we detected a total of 27,639 alterations in gene expression during callus formation, which could be categorized into eight distinct clusters. Gene ontology analysis revealed that genes associated with hormones, cell wall modification, and cell cycle underwent transcriptional reprogramming throughout callus formation. Furthermore, by scrutinizing the expression patterns of genes related to hormones, cell cycle, cell wall, and transcription factors, we discovered that auxin, cytokinin, and brassinosteroid signaling pathways activate genes involved in both root and shoot meristem development during callus formation. In summary, our transcriptome analysis provides significant insights into the molecular mechanisms governing callus formation in soybean. The information obtained from this study contributes to a deeper understanding of this intricate process and paves the way for further investigation in the field