Color-octet mechanism and J/psi polarization at LEP

Polarized heavy quarkonium productions in $Z^0$ decays are considered. We find that polarizations of the produced quarkonia are independent of that of the parent Z^0 provided that one considers the energy distribution or the total production rate. Produced J/psi's via the color-octet and the color- singlet mechanisms are expected to be 19% and 29% longitudinally polarized, respectively. The energy dependence of eta_{1,8}(x)=\frac{dGamma_{1,8}^L}{dx} /\frac{dGamma_{1,8}}{d x} is very sensitive to the production mechanism, and therefore the measurement of \eta(x)_exp will be an independent probe of the color-octet mechanism.Comment: 15 pages, minor changes, version to be published in Phys. Rev.

Aqueous Extract of Oldenlandia diffusa Suppresses LPS-Induced iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-α Expression in RAW 264.7 Cells via the NF-κB Activity

Purpose: To elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of aqueous extract of Oldenlandia diffusa (AEOD) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.Methods: We evaluated the mRNA and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α using RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Expressions of IκBα, phospho-IκBα and p65 were analyzed by Western blot analysis. The level of nitric oxide (NO) production was analyzed using Griess reaction. The release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was determined using sandwich ELISA.Results: AEOD significantly suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells without direct cytotoxicity. AEOD decreased the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. LPS-induced mRNA and protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-α were attenuated by treatment with AEOD. These data imply that AEOD tightly regulates the expression of these inflammatory mediators at the transcriptional level. Therefore, we determined the effects of AEOD on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity, which has been considered to be a potential transcriptional factor for regulating the expression of iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-α. As expected, AEOD suppressed the LPS-induced degradation and phosphorylation of IκBα and sustained the expression of p65 in the cytosol. Furthermore, AEOD substantially inhibited the LPS-induced DNA binding activity of NF-κB. These data show that AEOD may control NO, PGE2 and TNF-α production via the suppression of NF-κB activity.Conclusion: Our results suggest that AEOD has a high potential activity for regulating LPS-induced inflammation.Keywords: Oldenlandia diffusa, NO, iNOS, COX-2, PGE2, TNF-α, NF-κ

Characteristics of Schottky contacts to ZnO:N layers grown by molecular-beam epitaxy

科研費報告書収録論文(課題番号:17360001/研究代表者:八百隆文/サーフアクタントMBEによる高ホール濃度・高品質p-型Zn0の成長技術開発

Oxygen-Vacancy-Induced Orbital Reconstruction of Ti Ions at the Interface of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures: A Resonant Soft-X-Ray Scattering Study

Resonant soft-x-ray scattering measurements have been performed to investigate interface electronic structures of (LaAlO3/SrTiO3) superlattices. Resonant scattering intensities at superlattice reflections show clear evidence of degeneracy lifting in t(2g) states of interface Ti ions. Polarization dependence of intensities indicates the energy of d(xy) states is lower by similar to 1 eV than two other t(2g) states. The energy splitting is insensitive to epitaxial strain. The orbital reconstruction is induced by oxygen vacancies and confined to the interface within two unit cells, indicating charge compensation at the polar interfaces. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.017401X112723Nsciescopu

Inclusive S−S-wave charmonium productions in BB decays

The inclusive $S-$wave charmonium production rates in $B$ decays are considered using the Bodwin-Braaten-Lepage (BBL) approach, including the relativistic corrections and the color-octet mechanism suggested as a possible solution to the $\psi^{'}$ puzzle at the Tevatron. We first consider relativistic and radiative corrections to $J/\psi \rightarrow e^{+} e^{-}$ and $J/\psi \rightarrow$ Light Hadrons (LH), in order to determine two nonperturbative parameters, $\langle J/\psi | O_{1} (^{3}S_{1}) | J/\psi \rangle$, $\langle J/\psi | P_{1} (^{3}S_{1}) | J/\psi \rangle$, in the factorization formulae for these decays. Using these two matrix elements and including the color-octet $c\bar{c}(^{3}S_{1})$ state contribution, we get a moderate increase in the decay rates for $B$ decays into $J/\psi ~({\rm or}~\psi^{'}) ~+ X$. Our results, $B(B \rightarrow J/\psi~({\rm or}~\psi^{'}) + X) = 0.58~(0.23) \%$ for $M_{b} = 5.3$ GeV, get closer to the recent CLEO data. As a byproduct, we prefer a larger decay rate for $\eta_{c} \rightarrow$ LH compared to the present data.Comment: 12 page