2,869 research outputs found
Abelian Chern-Simons field theory and anyon equation on a torus
We quantize the abelian Chern-Simons theory coupled to non-relativistic
matter field on a torus without invoking the flux quantization. Through a
series of canonical transformations which is equivalent to solving the Gauss
constraint, we obtain an effective hamiltonian density with periodic matter
field. We also obtain the many-anyon Schr\"odinger equation with periodic
Aharonov-Bohm potentials and analyze the periodic property of the wavefunction.
Some comments are given on the different features of our approach from the
previous ones.Comment: 24, SNUTP-93-9
Can degenerate bound states occur in one dimensional quantum mechanics?
We point out that bound states, degenerate in energy but differing in parity,
may form in one dimensional quantum systems even if the potential is
non-singular in any finite domain. Such potentials are necessarily unbounded
from below at infinity and occur in several different contexts, such as in the
study of localised states in brane-world scenarios. We describe how to
construct large classes of such potentials and give explicit analytic
expressions for the degenerate bound states. Some of these bound states occur
above the potential maximum while some are below. Various unusual features of
the bound states are described and after highlighting those that are ansatz
independent, we suggest that it might be possible to observe such parity-paired
degenerate bound states in specific mesoscopic systems.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Europhysics Letter
Two-terminal conductance fluctuations in the integer quantum Hall regime
Motivated by recent experiments on the conductance fluctuations in mesoscopic
integr quantum Hall systems, we consider a model in which the Coulomb
interactions are incorporated into the picture of edge-state transport through
a single saddle-point. The occupancies of `classical' localised states in the
two-dimensional electron system change due to the interactions between
electrons when the gate voltage on top of the device is varied. The
electrostatic potential between the localised states and the saddle-point
causes fluctuations of the saddle-point potential and thus fluctuations of the
transmission probability of edge states. This simple model is studied
numerically and compared with the observation.Comment: 6 pages with 3 figures. To be published in Physical Review
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: The polarization-sensitive ACTPol instrument
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) is designed to make high angular
resolution measurements of anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background
(CMB) at millimeter wavelengths. We describe ACTPol, an upgraded receiver for
ACT, which uses feedhorn-coupled, polarization-sensitive detector arrays, a 3
degree field of view, 100 mK cryogenics with continuous cooling, and meta
material anti-reflection coatings. ACTPol comprises three arrays with separate
cryogenic optics: two arrays at a central frequency of 148 GHz and one array
operating simultaneously at both 97 GHz and 148 GHz. The combined instrument
sensitivity, angular resolution, and sky coverage are optimized for measuring
angular power spectra, clusters via the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich and kinetic
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signals, and CMB lensing due to large scale structure. The
receiver was commissioned with its first 148 GHz array in 2013, observed with
both 148 GHz arrays in 2014, and has recently completed its first full season
of operations with the full suite of three arrays. This paper provides an
overview of the design and initial performance of the receiver and related
systems
Interaction of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G with the nuclear cap-binding complex provides a link between nuclear and cytoplasmic functions of the m7 guanosine cap
In eukaryotes the majority of mRNAs have an m7G cap that is added cotranscriptionally and that plays an important role in many aspects of mRNA metabolism. The nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC; consisting of CBP20 and CBP80) mediates the stimulatory functions of the cap in pre-mRNA splicing, 3' end formation, and U snRNA export. As little is known about how nuclear CBC mediates the effects of the cap in higher eukaryotes, we have characterized proteins that interact with CBC in HeLa cell nuclear extracts as potential mediators of its function. Using cross-linking and coimmunoprecipitation, we show that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G (eIF4G), in addition to its function in the cytoplasm, is a nuclear CBC-interacting protein. We demonstrate that eIF4G interacts with CBC in vitro and that, in addition to its cytoplasmic localization, there is a significant nuclear pool of eIF4G in mammalian cells in vivo. Immunoprecipitation experiments suggest that, in contrast to the cytoplasmic pool, much of the nuclear eIF4G is not associated with eIF4E (translation cap binding protein of eIF4F) but is associated with CBC. While eIF4G stably associates with spliceosomes in vitro and shows close association with spliceosomal snRNPs and splicing factors in vivo, depletion studies show that it does not participate directly in the splicing reaction. Taken together the data indicate that nuclear eIF4G may be recruited to pre-mRNAs via its interaction with CBC and accompanies the mRNA to the cytoplasm, facilitating the switching of CBC for eIF4F. This may provide a mechanism to couple nuclear and cytoplasmic functions of the mRNA cap structure
Integer quantum Hall transition in the presence of a long-range-correlated quenched disorder
We theoretically study the effect of long-ranged inhomogeneities on the
critical properties of the integer quantum Hall transition. For this purpose we
employ the real-space renormalization-group (RG) approach to the network model
of the transition. We start by testing the accuracy of the RG approach in the
absence of inhomogeneities, and infer the correlation length exponent nu=2.39
from a broad conductance distribution. We then incorporate macroscopic
inhomogeneities into the RG procedure. Inhomogeneities are modeled by a smooth
random potential with a correlator which falls off with distance as a power
law, r^{-alpha}. Similar to the classical percolation, we observe an
enhancement of nu with decreasing alpha. Although the attainable system sizes
are large, they do not allow one to unambiguously identify a cusp in the
nu(alpha) dependence at alpha_c=2/nu, as might be expected from the extended
Harris criterion. We argue that the fundamental obstacle for the numerical
detection of a cusp in the quantum percolation is the implicit randomness in
the Aharonov-Bohm phases of the wave functions. This randomness emulates the
presence of a short-range disorder alongside the smooth potential.Comment: 10 pages including 6 figures, revised version as accepted for
publication in PR
Zyxin Links Fat Signaling to the Hippo Pathway
Using genetic and molecular analyses, the authors identify Zyx as a positive regulator of Hippo signaling and characterize its role within the pathway
Semantic integration to identify overlapping functional modules in protein interaction networks
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The systematic analysis of protein-protein interactions can enable a better understanding of cellular organization, processes and functions. Functional modules can be identified from the protein interaction networks derived from experimental data sets. However, these analyses are challenging because of the presence of unreliable interactions and the complex connectivity of the network. The integration of protein-protein interactions with the data from other sources can be leveraged for improving the effectiveness of functional module detection algorithms.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We have developed novel metrics, called semantic similarity and semantic interactivity, which use Gene Ontology (GO) annotations to measure the reliability of protein-protein interactions. The protein interaction networks can be converted into a weighted graph representation by assigning the reliability values to each interaction as a weight. We presented a flow-based modularization algorithm to efficiently identify overlapping modules in the weighted interaction networks. The experimental results show that the semantic similarity and semantic interactivity of interacting pairs were positively correlated with functional co-occurrence. The effectiveness of the algorithm for identifying modules was evaluated using functional categories from the MIPS database. We demonstrated that our algorithm had higher accuracy compared to other competing approaches.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The integration of protein interaction networks with GO annotation data and the capability of detecting overlapping modules substantially improve the accuracy of module identification.</p
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