КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ БОЛЬНЫХ РАКОМ ГОРТАНИ И ГОРТАНОГЛОТКИ НА ЭТАПАХ КОМБИНИРОВАННОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ И В ОТДАЛЁННЫЕ СРОКИ

The study included 96 patients with morphologically verified  squamous cell carcinoma of larynx and laryngopharynx T2–4N0–2M0 stage of the tumor process who were administered two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy at 3–4 weeks interval by the scheme paclitaxel 175 mg/m2, carboplatin AUC-6 plus radiotherapy in the regimen of multifractionated radiation dose of 1.3 Gy twice a day at 4 hours interval. In case of complete regression of the tumor (n=33) radiotherapy was performed to the accumulated radical dose of 65 isoGy. The next stage in partial regression and stabilization of the process (n=63) was radical surgical intervention. EORTC QLQ-30 and QLQ – H&N35 questionnaires were used to estimate quality of life of the patients. Quality of life as a criterion for the assessment of treatment efficacy was correlated with a significant increase in the 2-year overall and disease-free survival in patients who received chemoradiotherapy compared to those who underwent combined modality treatment including surgery. Changes in the values of EORTC QLQ-30 and QLQ – H & N35 modules clearly indicate the relationship between the quality of life measures and treatment methods

QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH LARYNGEAL AND LARYNGOPHARYNGEAL CANCER IN SHORT-AND LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP

The study included 96 patients with morphologically verified  squamous cell carcinoma of larynx and laryngopharynx T2–4N0–2M0 stage of the tumor process who were administered two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy at 3–4 weeks interval by the scheme paclitaxel 175 mg/m2, carboplatin AUC-6 plus radiotherapy in the regimen of multifractionated radiation dose of 1.3 Gy twice a day at 4 hours interval. In case of complete regression of the tumor (n=33) radiotherapy was performed to the accumulated radical dose of 65 isoGy. The next stage in partial regression and stabilization of the process (n=63) was radical surgical intervention. EORTC QLQ-30 and QLQ – H&N35 questionnaires were used to estimate quality of life of the patients. Quality of life as a criterion for the assessment of treatment efficacy was correlated with a significant increase in the 2-year overall and disease-free survival in patients who received chemoradiotherapy compared to those who underwent combined modality treatment including surgery. Changes in the values of EORTC QLQ-30 and QLQ – H & N35 modules clearly indicate the relationship between the quality of life measures and treatment methods

Application of the Perovskite Ceramics to Conditioning of the Long-Lived Fraction of HLW

High level waste (HLW) partitioning concept includes separation of a long-lived fraction following by its immobilization in ceramics. Improved process flow sheet suggested for implementation at PA ''Mayak'' implies production of a long-lived HLW fraction with rare earth elements (REE) as major components, Am and Cm as minor constituents, and only traces of U, Pu, and corrosion products (iron group elements). Because most of the elements occurred are trivalent, one of the most promising host phase is supposed to be REE aluminate or ferrate with perovskite structure. Major advantages of the perovskite are incorporation of trivalent REEs and actinides, simultaneous incorporation of residual corrosion products, flexibility of perovskite structure allowing accommodation of traces of tetravalent actinides (U, Pu), high chemical durability, and high HLW volume reduction. High melting points of the perovskites makes problematic melting route, therefore, cold pressing and sintering method is more preferable. In order to reduce sintering temperature pre-treatment of ceramic batches with high mechanical energy has been studied

INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EFFICIENCY OF CANCER TREATMENT AND STATE OF IMMUNE SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH LARYNGEAL AND HYPOPHARYNGEAL CANCER

Abstract. We have studied possible interrelationships between immune system state and efficiency of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with cancer of larynx and hypopharynx. The neoadjuvant treatment consisted of 2 courses of paclitaxel (175 mg/m2), carboplatin (AUC-6 in 3-4 weeks), followed by radiation therapy at a multifraction dose schedule (1.2 Gy 2 times daily in 4 h, total cumulated dose was estimated as isoeffective dose of 40 Gy). A better response to chemotherapy by paclitaxel and carboplatin in the patients with cancer of larynx and hypopharynx had been associated with higher percentage of CD56+ cells and IgM levels in peripheral blood, as measured before starting cancer treatment. After completing the neoadjuvant chemo- and radiotherapy, we noted an increase in total lymphocyte counts, CD4+, CD8+, CD56+ cell numbers and IgG levels in the patients with pronounced response to chemotherapy, thus suggesting some induction of immune response in cancer patients during cytostatic therapy. These data presume a relationship between the state of immune system in the patients with head-and-neck cancer, and their response to neoadjuvant chemo- and radiotherapy. On the basis of these findings, one may suggest that immunological mechanisms make take an important part in promotion of antitumor effects produced by standard cancer treatment

HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION AND HEAD AND NECK CANCER PROGRESSION

Abstract. The aim of present study was to evaluate the influence of HPV infection on lymphogenic metastasis and survival of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. DNA was isolated from tumor tissue and tumor-adjacent normal epithelium of 64 patients with head and neck tumors of different localization. Detection of 12 HPV genotypes was carried out by the PCR using AmpliSens diagnostic kits (Russia). The association between HPV infection and clinical-pathological parameters of the patients was assessed. HPV was detected in tumor tissue and in the surrounding normal tissue in 22% of patients. The most common HPV genotypes were 16 and 51. No association of HPV infection with sex, age, location, TNM stage and differentiation grade was found. The Kaplan Meier method showed a tendency towards the improvement of the overall and recurrence-free survival of HPV-positive patients with head and neck cancer (p = 0.09 and p = 0.12 respectively). The multivariate survival analysis using Cox’s regression model showed that the patient’s age and the presence of lymph node metastases (p = 0.002) significantly influence on patient survival (p = 0.014 and p = 0.002 respectively)

Endophytes from Halotolerant Plants Aimed to Overcome Salinity and Draught

The aim of our research was to study the endosphere of four halophytic plants: Salicornia europaea L., Salsola australis (R.Br.), Bassia sedoides (Pall.) and Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. from arid and saline areas of the Stavropol Territory, Russia. In total, 28 endophyte strains were isolated from the roots and stems of these halophytic plants. Most of the isolates (23 out of 28) were identified as Bacillus sp. while others belonged to the genera Oceanobacillus, Paenibacillus, Pantoea, Alcaligenes and Myroides. Three strains of Bacillus sp. (Se5R, Se1-1R, and Se1-3S), isolated from the S. europaea were capable of growth at 55 °C and in 10% of NaCl. Strains Se1-4S, Kp20-2S, and Bs11-2S Bacillus sp. (isolated from the S. australis, K. prostrata and B. sedoides, respectively) demonstrated strong plant growth promoting activity: 85–265% over control lettuce plants and a high degree of growth suppression (59.1–81.2%) of pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum, Bipolaris sorokiniana and Rhizoctonia solani. Selected strains can be promising candidates for the development of bioinoculants to facilitate salt soil phytoremediation and be beneficial for mitigating the salt stress to the plants growing in salt-affected habitats