Exploring the Impact of Mental Models on Scrum Outcomes: Insights from Scrum Teams in New Zealand Government

The impact of product owner, Scrum master and developer mental models on Scrum teams has been investigated in this research. Twelve semi-structured interviews with practitioners from three Scrum teams in New Zealand government indicated that the product owner mental model is crucial for positive Scrum outcomes. A complementary mental model between the product owner and the development team appears to drive the highest client and team satisfaction. Across all participants, Customer- and Team-oriented mental models coincided with the highest levels of client and team satisfaction. This preliminary evidence shows that mental models can contribute to positive Scrum outcomes. It sheds new light on how Scrum can be effectively managed in the public sector by considering individual mental models and team mental models. The mental model perspective offers organisations a different way to evaluate the operation of Scrum teams

Managing Information Systems Development Projects: What’s on Your Mind?

Drawing on a mental model perspective, we investigate information systems (IS) project members’ knowledge and beliefs about how to manage information systems development (ISD) projects. A new construct – ISD mental models – is proposed and defined as the knowledge and belief structures that help IS project members to understand, conduct, and manage ISD projects. Literature reviews and cognitive interviews using the repertory grid technique are used to identify the fundamental concepts that are in project members’ mental models. This study further proposes that the structure of mental models is organized into four ISD project-related areas: product, process, people, and organization. This proposition will be tested by a survey with ISD project members using the pairwise comparison technique. Expected contributions and implications are discussed

Blending Modalities, Pedagogies, and Technologies: Redesigning an Information Systems Course to Encourage Engagement

Having realized that the traditional approach to teaching our IS course on Business and Systems Analysis was not engaging students enough, we decided we needed to redesign our learning environment. The goal was to develop a course that encourages student participation, allows them to practice the different techniques we introduce them to, and empowers students to take control of their learning. To achieve this, we blended modalities (online and in-person), pedagogies (constructivist and collaborative approaches), and technologies (student-centered technologies). This resulted in a redesign that included replacing the lecture with learning resources of a digestible size and an activity-based discussion, the workshop focusing on a project for authentic problems, sense-making via doing and reflection, hybrid participation in a steady and sustainable pace, and learning communities to enable more interaction. In this paper, we share our experience and lessons that we have learned through a journey toward a student-centered approach to learning

HUMAN-AI COLLABORATION IN EVERYDAY WORK-LIFE PRACTICES: A COREGULATION PERSPECTIVE

Driven by the growing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into daily work, this study investigates the Human-Intelligent Personal Assistants (IPAs) coregulation of work-life practices. Guided by an interpretive case study of Microsoft Viva Insights (MVI), we focus on the participation and influence of IPAs in daily work-life practices. Our findings reveal three coregulatory roles adopted by IPAs— rationalist, normalist, and moralist—that influence personal productivity, social bonding and relationship management, self-care, and work-life boundary management practices. By diving deeper into the human-AI relationship from a coregulation perspective, we contribute to the emerging IS literature on the nature and role of AI in transforming how people work. Our research provides valuable insights for practitioners, developers, and scholars aiming to enhance AI design and management, and investigate AI\u27s broader impact on human behaviours at work

The Emergence of Perpetual Performance Management in the Workplace: Implications and Research Agenda

As forces like globalisation and workforce diversity transform the workforce and workplace, organisations need to be agile in responding to employee performance needs and challenges. However, traditional performance management practices are slow and reactive. It has been claimed that technology advancements in people analytics can facilitate performance management by providing organisations with the tools needed to be responsive. This position paper explores emerging trends in people analytics, particularly the integration of people analytics with systems of productivity, hyperpersonalised employee experience, and the use of nudges to influence behaviours. It argues that these trends are shifting organisations towards what we call perpetual performance management. Implications are discussed and an IS research agenda is proposed

Reconciling the Personalization-Privacy Paradox: Exploring Privacy Boundaries in Online Personalized Advertising

To reconcile the personalization-privacy paradox, we adopt the privacy as a state view and define privacy as a state of information boundary rule-following. We further identify five types of boundaries underlying some of the important implicit rules of maintaining privacy: communication channel, platform, device, temporal, and purpose boundaries. Using an online vignette survey, we investigated how each of these boundary types affected users’ privacy perceptions when they were subjected to personalized advertisements. Using fixed- and random-effects models, we investigated how violating different boundary rules leads to changes in perceived privacy. Our results show that all five boundary types are significant predictors of perceived privacy within individuals. The communication channel, device, and business versus private purpose are significant predictors of perceived privacy across the whole sample. Temporal boundaries and platform boundaries failed to achieve statistical significance when evaluated simultaneously with the other factors across the whole sample. This means that for each individual, observing the rules of these five boundary types leads to higher perceived privacy than not observing these conditions. Taken as a whole, observing communication channel, device, and business versus private purpose boundaries also leads to higher averages of perceived privacy across the whole sample. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed based on the result

Arrhythmia and other modifiable risk factors in incident dementia and MCI among elderly individuals with low educational levels in Taiwan

IntroductionThere is increasing evidence that arrhythmia is a risk factor for dementia; however, it appears that arrhythmia affects the cognitive function of individuals differentially across age groups, races, and educational levels. Demographic differences including educational level have also been found to moderate the effects of modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline.MethodsThis study recruited 1,361 individuals including a group of cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals, a group of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and a group of patients with dementia with low education levels. The participants were evaluated in terms of modifiable risk factors for dementia, including arrhythmia and neuropsychiatric symptoms.ResultsCox proportional hazard regression models revealed that among older MCI patients (>75 years), those with arrhythmia faced an elevated risk of dementia. Among younger MCI patients, those taking anti-hypertensive drugs faced a relatively low risk of dementia. Among younger MCI patients, male sex and higher educational level were associated with an elevated risk of dementia. Among CU individuals, those with coronary heart disease and taking anti-lipid compounds faced an elevated risk of MCI and those with symptoms of depression faced an elevated risk of dementia.DiscussionThe risk and protective factors mentioned above could potentially be used as markers in predicting the onset of dementia in clinical settings, especially for individuals with low educational levels

Human–agent team dynamics: a review and future research opportunities

Humans teaming with intelligent autonomous agents is becoming indispensable in work environments. However, human–agent teams pose significant challenges, as team dynamics are complex arising from the task and social aspects of human–agent interactions. To improve our understanding of human–agent team dynamics, in this article, we conduct a systematic literature review. Drawing on Mathieu et al.’s (2019) teamwork model developed for all-human teams, we map the landscape of research to human–agent team dynamics, including structural features, compositional features, mediating mechanisms, and the interplay of the above features and mechanisms. We reveal that the development of human–agent team dynamics is still nascent, with a particular focus on information sharing, trust development, agents’ human likeness behaviors, shared cognitions, situation awareness, and function allocation. Gaps remain in many areas of team dynamics, such as team processes, adaptability, shared leadership, and team diversity. We offer various interdisciplinary pathways to advance research on human–agent teams