Psychological and pedagogical problems of development of talent among schoolchildren

Topicality of the problem under study is driven by the need to implement a mission of a modern state to create an effective education system, providing conditions for teaching and development of gifted children. On the other hand, it is based on the insufficient study of factors determining the updating of psychological and pedagogical problems relating to the development of talent among pupils of comprehensive secondary schools. The aim of the article is to produce the theoretical analysis of existing methodological approaches to the problem of talent in the psychological and pedagogical literature and the analysis of the results of the study carried out among administrative and pedagogical staff of educational organizations. The leading study method of the aforementioned problem is questionnaire, which makes it possible, using an experiment and research approach, to reveal factors determining the updating of psychological and pedagogical problems relating to the development of talent among pupils of comprehensive secondary schools. The article outlines factors received during the study, determining the updating of psychological and pedagogical problems relating to the development of talent among pupils of comprehensive secondary schools – terminological disorder in defining the basic notion of “talent”, lack of objective criteria and indices to diagnose talent among children; lack of research of mechanisms to develop talent, shortage of effective models of interaction among higher vocational and general education establishments to implement educational programmes, aimed at developing talent among schoolchildren. The materials of the article can be used by administrative and pedagogical staff to draw up and introduce models of interaction among higher vocational and general education establishments to implement educational programmes, aimed at developing talent among schoolchildren. © 2016 Khamatnurov, Dudina and Chistik

Methodological aspects in problem solution of the determined factor analysis

The urgency of the analyzed problem is due to the fact that the need to study the relationship of economic phenomena and the comparative analysis of the factor ratings not only in time but also in space requires the development of determined factor analysis. The purpose of the article is to develop a generalized method of determined factor analysis, which increases the accuracy of its results, and it will broaden and deepen its scope. The leading approach to solve the problems of determined factor analysis is a systematic approach that allows establishing a more precise assessment of multiplicative component. Results: The proposed generalized integral method of determined factor analysis has a high precision of factorial assessment, and the ground construction allows carrying out a comparative analysis of the impact of factors on a productive indicator of the surveyed economic system of any level. The data of this article may be useful for the analysis of economic activity of organizations, as well as for the development of the economic development strategy. © 2016 Chistik et al

The relationship of time perspective and subjective perceptions of students as the empirical base for individualization of the educational path

The significance of the investigated problem is stipulated by the need in practicing individualization of vocational educational process in the continuing education and lack of scientific and methodological support of its accompaniment. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the subjective perceptions and temporal perspective as the empirical bases of individualization of vocational and educational process. The leading method of research of this problem is a questionnaire that allows to identify the level of demonstration time perspectives (adapted technique ZTPI) and differentiate subjective judgments about the system of vocational education, professional self-determination process (questionnaire). The results of empirical study of time perspective, the subjective perception of vocational education and retrospective-prospective (forward-looking) aspects of professional self-determination, as well as their relationship with students are presented and discussed in the article. The results can be taken into account in the scientific and methodological support of individualization of vocational and educational process and in applied methods of formation of individual educational paths in vocational education. © 2016 Zavodchikov et al

Assessment of entrepreneurial territorial attractiveness by the ranking method

The relevance of the researched problem is caused by existence of differentiation in development of separate regional units (urban districts and municipalities) within the region. The aim of this article is to offer a method, which determines the level of differentiation in development of various components of the region, and also in producing a set of recommendations for local government administration to achieve higher level in development of their territories. The leading approach to the research of this problem is the ranking method of regional units according to cumulative socioeconomic potential and integral risk. The results of the research are: the estimation procedure for entrepreneurial territorial attractiveness is offered and tried out, with the use of municipal formations of the Samara region as an example; the advantages and “bottlenecks” in development of the concrete urban district are educed; specific measures for realization of advantages and (or) elimination of “bottlenecks” are offered. The materials of the research can be useful for developing strategy for improvement of the region by regional public authorities, for leveling-off of social and economic differentiation of separate regional units, and also for developing of scientifically based municipal programs of support and development of entrepreneurship. © 2016 Karpova et al

Research indicators of railway transport activity in time series

The urgency of the analyzed problem, connected with the trends description and the choice of the econometric model in unstable performance evaluation of transport, is due to the role of rail transport in the development of the Russian economy, as the bulk of goods and passengers are transported by rail. The purpose of the article is to describe the trends and the development of econometric models to assess and predict the performance of rail transport in Russia. The leading method of research is the analysis method of historical time series using adaptive models based on Chow test, which allows describing the trends in rail transport in Russia. The results of Chow test for the structural stability series of indicators of passenger and freight rail transport have shown the absence of a general trend in the historical time series. In such cases, to describe the trends the authors may not apply analytic alignment and it is advisable to use self-correcting recurrent models that take into account the importance of previous levels, and provide an opportunity to get reasonably accurate projections of future levels. Forecasting of considered indicators based on a two-parameter exponential smoothing model has showed further growth in turnover and a decrease in passenger rail transport. The data of this article may be useful for various levels of government in the development of economic development programs of Russia and its regions. © International Economic Society