A 1998 Social Accounting Matrix for Thailand

This paper documents the features of a 1998 social accounting matrix (SAM) for Thailand. It begins with a description of the overall economy both via a macro SAM and a national accounts balance sheet. The macro SAM was the result of aggregating a micro SAM; a mapping of the final micro SAM to the macro SAM is presented. The micro SAM was a modified version of a SAM obtained from the Thai Development Research Institute (TDRI). The paper describes the modification process in detail. The original dataset obtained from TDRI was a "balanced™ matrix." The converted SAM, after the modification, was still balanced. It was therefore unnecessary to apply any balancing procedure. The final 1998 micro SAM for Thailand has 61 sectors, 3 household types, and 3 factors (labor, agricultural capital, and non-agricultural capital). Particularly helpful for the intended analysis on energy and environmental policy is that it has 8 primary energy sectors, 5 transportation sectors, and a health and medical treatment commodity account.Social accounting Thailand. ,Economic surveys Thailand. ,Household surveys Thailand. ,TMD ,

A Few Interventions and Offerings from Five Movement Lawyers to the Access to Justice Movement

We are five lawyers who occupy very different corners of justice work. We are civil rights, human rights, and criminal defense lawyers, and we have worked at and managed legal services programs. We have taught law at law schools and universities and have built our own organizations. We currently work in interdisciplinary spaces with community organizers, funders, and other stakeholders in the justice system. As diverse as our perspectives are, we share a common belief that any mobilization around access to justice fails if it does not center the vision and strategies of larger social justice movements. We share here our collective calls to action to the legal community—and the allies that support and resource legal services—to expand our mission beyond chasing a standard of fairness that is impossible to achieve as long as we have deeply embedded structural and systemic inequity. Instead, let us reimagine what our communities actually need to be safe, free, and to live in our fullest humanity. We believe the role of movement lawyers is to use the law as a tool of social change, at the direction of communities most impacted by injustice. When we focus our lawyering on listening to community organizers, clients, and activists with a broader vision for social change, we can become partners in transforming systems, rather than simply making them more hospitable

Streets to Statehouse: Building Grassroots Power in New York

This report shares the lessons learned from two 2019 statewide campaigns that were led by grassroots organizations working in coalition with broader policy and advocacy networks. Housing Justice for All and Green Light NY won significant changes for low-income renters and driver's licenses for undocumented immigrants, respectively. The campaigns challenged the model of traditional top-down advocacy by centering directly-impacted people from low-income communities of color in leadership and decisionmaking. Both campaigns also demonstrated that community power can be leveraged between grassroots electoral organizing and issue-based legislative campaigns. Finally, by centering member-led organizations from rural, suburban and urban communities, the campaigns demonstrated how progressive policy changes require long-term investment in groups that build people power across regional difference through shared mass mobilization strategies.

A Time-Motion Study of Emergency and Hospitalist Physicians in a Community Hospital Setting

Introduction: Research has shown that low physician work satisfaction correlates with burnout. Having sufficient time at the patient’s bedside is one element that contributes to work satisfaction. Interruptions, on the other hand, have been implicated as a potential cause of both worker dissatisfaction and clinical error. Better understanding how direct patient care and interruptions affect physician satisfaction may aid in developing future interventions to reduce burnout and improve patient safety. Methods: We conducted an observational, time-motion study to assess how physicians spend their time and correlated these findings to physician satisfaction. This study was conducted in July 2020 (7/1/20 - 7/15/20) at a 591-bed community hospital. A total of 114 emergency medicine (EM) physicians and hospitalists were eligible for participation. Participants were recruited by email. Two trained medical students categorized and recorded the activities of 13 EM and 8 hospitalist physicians and documented the number of interruptions they experienced. An anonymous survey was also employed to investigate participants’ perceptions about interruptions and how they spend their time. We compared the responses from the subjective survey to the objective data to identify activities that may positively or negatively impact participant satisfaction. Results: 18.4% of all eligible physicians participated in the study. In summary, our study showed that EM and hospitalist physicians dedicate roughly double the amount of time to indirect patient care (56.3%) compared to direct patient care (25.8%). EM physicians had more than twice the number of interruptions as hospitalists (every 4.4 minutes vs. every 11.3 minutes). From our survey results, we found no statistically significant difference between the perceived and observed proportion of time spent on direct and indirect patient care for EM physicians (p = 0.62 direct; 0.21 indirect) or hospitalists (p = 0.82 direct; 0.69 indirect). However, there was a statistically significant difference between perceived (overestimated) and observed number of interruptions reported by EM physicians (p = 0.02). Conclusion: The observational data along with the survey results indicate a desire to reduce indirect patient care and increase time at the bedside — suggesting that interventions that target this discrepancy may increase physician work satisfaction and therefore decrease burnout. Additionally, we found that EM physicians far overestimate the actual number of interruptions they experience —however, EM does still engender more than double the interruptions as hospitalists encounter, despite experiencing similar percentages of direct and indirect patient care

Express shipment pick-up and delivery : evaluating airline recovery options

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-96).Irregular operations in the Express Shipment Service Delivery industry require real time solutions that can be implemented to determine routings for aircraft and time-sensitive commodities. During inclement weather, crew unavailability, and mechanical failures, operations personnel use various approaches to recover from disruptions, including rescheduling or canceling flight legs, diverting aircraft and commodities, or missing service all together. We present an optimization approach that can capture and evaluate the effects of different operating policies. Specifically, we compare and contrast three different strategies, namely: 1) minimizing schedule delay, 2) minimizing the number of service failures, and 3) minimizing the combined cost of operations and service failures. We provide proof of concept by implementing our optimization models and evaluating them using several representative scenarios and conducting computational experiments. The solutions, which are highly dependent on user-defined parameters, represent tradeoffs between costs of operations and service failures.by Jennifer C. Cheung.S.M

Using system dynamics in business simulation training games

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-58).by Jennifer Ching-Wen Han.M.Eng

Accounting Disclosure At The Organization-society Interface: A Meta-theory And Empirical Evidence

This dissertation consists of three studies related to accounting disclosure at the interface of the organization and society. The first study investigates the overlapping perspectives of legitimacy theory, institutional theory, resource dependence theory, and stakeholder theory and integrates these theories into a more cohesive meta-theory of the organization-society interface. The second study examines whether a corporation\u27s charitable contributions represent a corporate social performance strategy or a legitimation strategy. More specifically, study two investigates, from two competing perspectives, how corporate executives rationalize their philanthropic actions. The third study analyzes the relationship between the current tax laws and the fulfillment of corporate foundations\u27 social functions. Taken together, these three studies build upon prior theoretical and empirical work to advance social and environmental accounting research

Side Reactions of Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization: N−O versus O−C Cleavage of Alkoxyamines

Free energies for the homolysis of the NO−C and N−OC bonds were compared for a large number of alkoxyamines at 298 and 393 K, both in the gas phase and in toluene solution. On this basis, the scope of the N−OC homolysis side reaction in nitroxide-mediated polymerization was determined. It was found that the free energies of NO−C and N−OC homolysis are not correlated, with NO−C homolysis being more dependent upon the properties of the alkyl fragment and N−OC homolysis being more dependent upon the structure of the aminyl fragment. Acyclic alkoxyamines and those bearing the indoline functionality have lower free energies of N−OC homolysis than other cyclic alkoxyamines, with the five-membered pyrrolidine and isoindoline derivatives showing lower free energies than the six-membered piperidine derivatives. For most nitroxides, N−OC homolysis is normally favored above NO−C homolysis only when a heteroatom that is α to the NOC carbon center stabilizes the NO−C bond and/or the released alkyl radical is not sufficiently stabilized. As part of this work, accurate methods for the calculation of free energies for the homolysis of alkoxyamines were determined. Accurate thermodynamic parameters to within 4.5 kJ mol−1 of experimental values were found using an ONIOM approximation to G3(MP2)-RAD combined with PCM solvation energies at the B3-LYP/6-31G(d) level