Signature Optical Cues: Emerging Technologies for Monitoring Plant Health

Optical technologies can be developed as practical tools for monitoring plant health by providing unique spectral signatures that can be related to specific plant stresses. Signatures from thermal and fluorescence imaging have been used successfully to track pathogen invasion before visual symptoms are observed. Another approach for noninvasive plant health monitoring involves elucidating the manner with which light interacts with the plant leaf and being able to identify changes in spectral characteristics in response to specific stresses. To achieve this, an important step is to understand the biochemical and anatomical features governing leaf reflectance, transmission and absorption. Many studies have opened up possibilities that subtle changes in leaf reflectance spectra can be analyzed in a plethora of ways for discriminating nutrient and water stress, but with limited success. There has also been interest in developing transgenic phytosensors to elucidate plant status in relation to environmental conditions. This approach involves unambiguous signal creation whereby genetic modification to generate reporter plants has resulted in distinct optical signals emitted in response to specific stressors. Most of these studies are limited to laboratory or controlled greenhouse environments at leaf level. The practical translation of spectral cues for application under field conditions at canopy and regional levels by remote aerial sensing remains a challenge. The movement towards technology development is well exemplified by the Controlled Ecological Life Support System under development by NASA which brings together technologies for monitoring plant status concomitantly with instrumentation for environmental monitoring and feedback control

Mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin outperforms N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide for the diagnosis of acute heart failure in the presence of atrial fibrillation

10.1002/ejhf.1660EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE224692-70

Superior performance of N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide for diagnosis of acute decompensated heart failure in an Asian compared with a Western setting

10.1002/ejhf.612EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE192209-21

Immunoassay-Compatible Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in Plasma Samples for Enhanced Handling Safety

10.1021/acsomega.2c02585ACS OMEGA72925510-25520complete

Table1_Circulating erythroferrone has diagnostic utility for acute decompensated heart failure in patients presenting with acute or worsening dyspnea.docx

ObjectivesIn dyspneic patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) or obesity, the diagnostic performance of NT-proBNP for acute heart failure is reduced. We evaluated the erythroblast derived protein erythroferrone (ERFE) as an ancillary biomarker for the diagnosis of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) in these comorbid subgroups in both Western and Asian populations.MethodsThe diagnostic performance of ERFE (Intrinsic Lifesciences) and NT-proBNP (Roche Cobas e411) for ADHF was assessed in 479 New Zealand (NZ) and 475 Singapore (SG) patients presenting with breathlessness.ResultsPlasma ERFE was higher in ADHF, compared with breathlessness from other causes, in both countries (NZ; 4.9 vs. 1.4 ng/ml, p ConclusionsCirculating ERFE is higher in patients with ADHF than in other causes of new onset breathlessness with fair diagnostic utility, performing better in Asian than in Western patients. The diagnostic performance of ERFE is impaired in patients with AF but not patients with obesity.</p

Screening and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in acute coronary syndrome. A randomized clinical trial

10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.07.003INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY29920-2