Implementation of a Multimaps Chaos-Based Encryption Software for EEG Signals

In the chapter, we adopted a chaos logic map and a quadratic map to develop the chaos-based multi-maps EEG encryption software. The encryption performances of the chaos-based software were studied. The percent root-mean-square difference (PRD) is used to estimate the accuracy of a correctly decrypted EEG signal with respect to the original EEG signal. Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) is used to estimate the correlation between the original EEG signal and an incorrectly decrypted EEG signal. The seven encryption aspects were testing, the average PRD value of the original and correctly decrypted EEG signals for the chaos-based multi-maps software is 2.59 x 10-11, and the average encryption time is 113.2857 ms. The five error decryption aspects were testing, the average PCC value of the original and error decrypted EEG signals for the chaos-based multi-maps software is 0.0026, and the average error decryption time is 113.4000 ms. These results indicate that the chaos-based multimaps EEG encryption software can be applied to clinical EEG diagnosis

On the Distribution of Neutral Tone in Southern Min: LCC and Beyond

The aim of this paper is to address an often-overlooked topic in Southern Min tonology: neutral tone. We show that the tone sandhi domain in Southern Min is not always isomorphic with an XP in syntax or a phonological phrase. In fact, this domain may be smaller than what has been predicted, as evidenced in the phrase-final functional morphemes as well as in the rhythmic effect. We propose that the tone sandhi domain in Southern Min is defined by a constituent Tone Sandhi Domain (TSD, τ) between the p-phrase and the p-word. A TSD is required to bear a final prominence, and only a p-word, mapped from a contentive or focused element in syntax, can be a “prominence-bearing unit.

The Clinical COPD Questionnaire Correlated with BODE Index-A Cross-Sectional Study

The Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) staging has widely used in the stratification of the severity of COPD, while BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity) index was proven superior to FEV1 in predicting mortality, exacerbation and disease severity in patients with COPD. Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ), a questionnaire with ten items categorized into three domains (symptoms, functional state and mental state) was developed to measure health status of COPD patients. However, little is known about the relationship between CCQ score and BODE index. We performed a prospective study with the inclusion of 89 patients who were clinically stable after a 6-week-therapy for COPD symptoms comparing their health status assessed by CCQ, BODE index and GOLD staging. We found that the total CCQ score was correlated with BODE score (P < 0.001) and GOLD staging (P < 0.001); of three CCQ domains, the functional status correlated the most with BODE index (rS = 0.670) and GOLD staging (rS = 0.531), followed by symptoms (rS = 0.482; rS = 0.346, respectively), and mental status (rS = 0.340; rS = 0.236, respectively). Our data suggest that CCQ is a reliable and convenient alternative tool to evaluate the severity of COPD

Knockdown of PsbO leads to induction of HydA and production of photobiological H2 in the green alga Chlorella sp. DT

Green algae are able to convert solar energy to H2 via the photosynthetic electron transport pathway under certain conditions. Algal hydrogenase (HydA, encoded by HYDA) is in charge of catalyzing the reaction: 2H+ + 2e− ↔ H2 but usually inhibited by O2, a byproduct of photosynthesis. The aim of this study was to knockdown PsbO (encoded by psbO), a subunit concerned with O2 evolution, so that it would lead to HydA induction. The alga, Chlorella sp. DT, was then transformed with short interference RNA antisense-psbO (siRNA-psbO) fragments. The algal mutants were selected by checking for the existence of siRNA-psbO fragments in their genomes and the low amount of PsbO proteins. The HYDA transcription and the HydA expression were observed in the PsbO-knockdown mutants. Under semi-aerobic condition, PsbO-knockdown mutants could photobiologically produce H2 which increased by as much as 10-fold in comparison to the wild type

Donorâ Acceptorâ Acceptor’s Molecules for Vacuumâ Deposited Organic Photovoltaics with Efficiency Exceeding 9%

Three vacuumâ deposited donorâ acceptorâ acceptor (dâ aâ a’) small molecule donors are studied with different side chains attached to an asymmetric heterotetracene donor block for use in high efficiency organic photovoltaics (OPVs). The donor with an isobutyl side chain yields the highest crystal packing density compared to molecules with 2â ethylhexyl or nâ butyl chains, leading to the largest absorption coefficient and short circuit current in an OPV. It also exhibits a higher fill factor, consistent with its preferred outâ ofâ plane molecular Ï â Ï stacking arrangement that facilitates charge transport in the direction perpendicular to the substrate. A power conversion efficiency of 9.3 ± 0.5% is achieved under 1 sun intensity, AM 1.5 G simulated solar illumination, which is significantly higher than 7.5 ± 0.4% of the other two molecules. These results indicate that side chain modification of dâ aâ a’ small molecules offers an effective approach to control the crystal packing configuration, thereby improving the device performance.Three vacuumâ deposited donorâ acceptorâ acceptor’s small molecule donors with different alkyl chain configurations (R1â R3) are synthesized and characterized to understand the side chain effect on organic photovoltaic (OPV) performance. The donor with an isobutyl (R3) chain yields the highest crystal packing density and largest short circuit current among the three molecules. Its preferred faceâ on molecular stacking orientation on the substrate leads to the highest fill factor. The optimized OPV structure achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) = 9.3 ± 0.5%.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144608/1/aenm201703603.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144608/2/aenm201703603-sup-0001-S1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144608/3/aenm201703603_am.pd

Effect of end-stage renal disease on long-term survival after a first-ever mechanical ventilation: a population-based study

The 30-day, 6-month, and 1-, 2-, 5-, and 10-year survival rate differences in the ESRD Pos and ESRD Neg groups from the beginning. (DOCX 17 kb

Necrotizing fasciitis in liver cirrhosis

SummaryBackgroundNecrotizing fasciitis (NF) is associated with a high mortality rate. Hepatitis is endemic in Taiwan, and liver cirrhosis is associated with the development of NF. The characteristics of these patients, however, have not been well documented or the predictors of mortality clearly identified. The purpose of this study is to identify predictors of mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis and necrotizing fasciitis.MethodsThis study was conducted at the Chi-Mei Medical Center in southern Taiwan. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and the microorganisms responsible for NF in patients with liver cirrhosis were recorded. To identify independent predictors associated with mortality, univariate analysis followed by multivariate logistic regression modeling was performed.ResultsDuring the period 2003–2011, a total of 55 patients with liver cirrhosis and NF were treated at the Chi-Mei Medical Center. Most patients had infections by monomicrobial Gram-negative bacilli. Univariate analysis revealed that severity of liver cirrhosis, shock, band polymorphonuclear neutrophil (>10%), international normalized ratio (>1.5), serum creatinine (>2.0 mg/dL), serum albumin (<2.5 g/dL), and activated partial thromboplastin time (>60 seconds) were significantly associated with mortality. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that serum albumin of <2.5 g/dL was the only independent predictor of mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis and NF.ConclusionNF in the vast majority of cirrhotic patients was caused by Gram-negative bacilli. Hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin <2.5 g/dL) was associated with mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis and NF. Further studies are needed to assess whether resuscitation with albumin-containing solutions lowers the mortality rate in such patients

Cloud Based Data Protection in Anonymously Controlled SDN

Nowadays, Software Defined Network (SDN) develops rapidly for its novel structure which separates the control plane and the data plane of network devices. Many researchers devoted themselves to the study of such a special network. However, some limitations restrict the development of SDN. On the one hand, the single controller in the conventional model bears all threats, and the corruption of it will result in network paralysis. On the other hand, the data will be increasing more in SDN switches in the data plane, while the storage space of these switches is limited. In order to solve the mentioned issues, we propose two corresponding protocols in this paper. Specifically, one is an anonymous protocol in the control plane, and the other is a verifiable outsourcing protocol in the data plane. The evaluation indicates that our protocol is correct, secure, and efficient