Comparison of Retrofit Facemask to Mouthpiece for Metabolic Measures and Flow Rates

Comparison of Retrofit Facemask to Mouthpiece for Metabolic Measures and Flow Rates Kelkar, A., Kendrick, K., and Chilek, D. R. Department of Health and Kinesiology, Lamar University, Beaumont TX PURPOSE: To compare metabolic measures (VO2, VCO2) and flow rates (VE) between use of a retrofit preVent™ neoprene mask (MA) and mouthpiece (MP) with nose clip. METHODS: Thirty healthy subjects [males (n = 18, 22.0 ± 2.5 years) and females (n = 12, 25.0 ± 6.3 years)] underwent four different intensity stages; rest (R), low (L), moderate (M) and high (H). Each stage had two, six minute sub stages, one with MA and the other with MP. Comfort and preference of the breathing apparatus (MA or MP) were rated by each participant. A separate 2 (MA & MP) x 4 (R, L, M & H) repeated measures ANOVA was used on each of the dependent variables (VO2, VCO2, VE & HR) to determine differences between use of retrofit MA and MP. RESULTS: VO2, VCO2 and VE were significantly (p \u3c 0.05) lower when retrofit MA was used. HR significantly increased (p \u3c 0.05) from one stage to another however, it was not significantly (p \u3e 0.05) different between use of retrofit MA and MP within a stage. Twenty eight (93%) participants found retrofit MA comfortable and two (6%) found MP comfortable. Twenty three (76%) participants preferred retrofit MA and seven (23%) preferred MP. CONCLUSION: Use of retrofit MA as an alternative to MP is not recommended due to possible air leakage

Effect of Unstable Base of Support on Energy Expenditure of Resistance Training Exercise

Effect of Unstable Base of Support on Energy Expenditure of Resistance Training Exercise Campbell, J., Kendrick, K. and Chilek, D. R. Department of Health and Kinesiology, Lamar University, Beaumont TX PURPOSE: To determine the effect of an unstable base of support on energy expenditure of a short duration, moderate intensity circuit resistance exercise. METHODS: Participants were 1 female and 8 males (27.0±6.7 yrs.). Data collection included 2 conditions: 1) standing on inflatable balance discs (unstable) and 2) standing on the floor (stable). The order of each condition was counterbalanced and separated by at least one day. Duration of each condition was 13 minutes and included 3 phases: 1) 3-minute pre-exercise standing in place, 2) a continuous, 5-minute circuit of four exercises, and 3) 5-minute post exercise standing in place. Dumbbells (15.9±4.6 lbs) were used throughout all phases of each condition. Exercise order was eccentric squat, concentric squat, concentric arm curl, concentric overhead, eccentric overhead, and eccentric arm curl, each performed at 44 bpm. Energy expenditure was determined by open-circuit spirometry (ParvoMedics, True One®) and heart rate monitored by a chest strap sensor (Polar). Separate paired t-tests were used to determine differences between 1) total energy expenditure (Kcals) and average oxygen consumption (VO2, l/min) of each 13-min condition, and 2) average heart rate over the 5 minutes of exercise for each condition. RESULTS: Kcals (64.0±12.6 vs 54.9±11.5), VO2 (1.11±0.33 vs 0.85±0.17 l/min), and HR (122.7±25.8 vs 117.0±26.5 bpm) were significantly (p \u3c 0.05) higher in response to using balance discs. CONCLUSION: A less stable base of support may increase energy expenditure of resistance training

Effect of Hatha Yoga on Stress and Recovery of Female Collegiate Athletes

Effect of Hatha Yoga on Stress and Recovery of Female Collegiate Athletes Sharma, P., Kendrick, K., and Chilek, D. Department of Health & Kinesiology Lamar University, Beaumont, TX PURPOSE: To determine the acute effect of Hatha yoga participation on stress and recovery of collegiate female athletes (cross country, soccer and volleyball). METHOD: Twenty five healthy female athletes were randomly divided into two groups, experimental (Yoga, Y; n=14, age=19.3±1.3 years) and control (No Yoga, C; n=11, age=19.7±3.6 years). Hatha yoga was performed on four consecutive days, at 30-40 minutes per session, and consisted of breathing exercise, meditation, asanas/postures, sun salute, and relaxation. Participants continued usual training with their respective teams. The Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport) was completed 2 days before and one day after four consecutive days of yoga (Y) or no yoga (C). RESULTS: There was a significant decrease (p = .008) in global stress scores (2.58±.94 to 2.01±.68) for Y, but not C (2.60±.55 to 2.41±.85, p = .132). Global recovery scores for Y (2.86±.59 to 2.82±.00, p = .405) and C (2.95±.70 to 2.95±.61, p = .527) were unchanged pre to post. CONCLUSION: Hatha yoga practice appears to decrease stress in collegiate female athletes. Thus, appropriate incorporation in the training program may reduce negative effects of overtraining