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    Investigation the structured material surfaces using the quartz tuning fork based on an atomic force microscopy with controllable q-factor in two modes operation: β€œintermittent contact” and β€œshear-force”

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    We present a combination of an atomic force microscopy with a quartz-crystal tuning fork in ambient conditions. A silicon cantilever tip was attached to one prong of the tuning fork to realize shear-force and intermittent contact mode Fork-AFM operation. By electronically adjusting the quality factor of the probe, called Q-control, it was possible to tune the quality factor Q and correspondingly change the overall scanning time. It was also seen that tuning fork with low quality factors could increase stability with the changed signal and so improve the imaging resolution. Measurements on the different samples were used to demonstrate this technique.Π£ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ– ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡƒΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ конструкція атомносилового мікроскопа c Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρƒ вигляді ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π° основі ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ†ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кристала. ΠšΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ½Ρ–Ρ”Π²Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅ вістря Π±ΡƒΠ»ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ–ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ зубця ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ АБМ Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-силовой (shear-force) Ρ– Π½Π°ΠΏΡ–Π²ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Ρ–ntermΡ–ttent contact) Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΈ. Π—Π° допомогою систСми Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ»ΡŽΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ добротності Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Q-ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŽ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡŽΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° добротності Q Ρ–, Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎ, Π·ΠΌΡ–Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ часу сканування. Π‘ΡƒΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΡˆΠ»ΡΡ…ΠΎΠΌ змСншСння ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° добротності ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° Π·Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΠΌΡ–Ρ€ΡŽΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сигналу ΠΉ Ρƒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΉ спосіб ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΏΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π» для Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… Π·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ. Для дСмонстрації ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ використовувалися Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ–Π².Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ описываСтся конструкция атомносилового микроскопа c Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π° основС ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ†Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кристалла. ΠšΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ΅ остриС Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊ Π·ΡƒΠ±Ρ†Ρƒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ для ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ АБМ Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-силовой (shear-force) ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ (intermittent contact) Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹. Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ систСмы элСктронного рСгулирования добротности Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Q-контроля, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° настройка ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° добротности Q ΠΈ соотвСтствСнно ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ сканирования. Π‘Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° добротности ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ измСряСмого сигнала ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Для дСмонстрации ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ использовались ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²

    INFLAMMATION MARKERS ANALYSIS AMONG CHILDREN, SUFFERING FROM ACUTE BRONCHITIS AGAINST FENSPIRIDE BASED TREATMENT

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    The authors stud the clinical efficiency of fenspiride (Erespal) among children (n = 46), suffering from acute bronchitis. It was shown that fenspiride reduced the cough duration and conduced to faster improvement of the patients' health. Besides, fenspiride application was accompanied by the reduction of the anti-inflammatory cytokines both in the blood serum and condensate of expired air.Key words: bronchitis, fenspiride, cytokines, condensate of expired air, children

    Financial risks of Russian oil companies in conditions of volatility of global oil prices

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    The development of scientific approaches to assessing and diagnosing the financial risks of oil industry in the Russian Federation becomes a high priority task in conditions of high level of volatility in oil prices in the world energy market and preservation of sanctions regime. The article shows the main threats to financial stability of oil companies in Russia. Using cluster analysis, a system of indicators is proposed that determines the level of financial risk of oil companies in Russia. Based on the method of expert assessments and fuzzy sets, the classification of financial risk levels of oil industry is proposed. The integrated financial risk level of oil industry was calculated and scenarios of its development for 2018-2020 were forecast by means of regression modeling. The system of measures to improve the stability of oil companies and prevent functional financial risks is argued. The practical implementation of research results will be the basis for timely diagnosis of financial risks and qualitative development of preventive measures to neutralize them in the oil industry of Russia. Β© 2019, Econjournals. All rights reserved
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