65 research outputs found

    THE USE OF MANDAMUS TO COMPEL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS TO CONFER DEGREES

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    Hispolon is an active phenolic compound of <i>Phellinus igniarius</i>, a mushroom that was recently shown to have antioxidant and anticancer activities in various solid tumors. Here, the molecular mechanisms by which hispolon exerts anticancer effects in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells was investigated. The results showed that hispolon suppressed cell proliferation in the various AML cell lines. Furthermore, hispolon effectively induced apoptosis of HL-60 AML cells through caspases-8, -9, and -3 activations and PARP cleavage. Moreover, treatment of HL-60 cells with hispolon induced sustained activation of JNK1/2, and inhibition of JNK by JNK1/2 inhibitor or JNK1/2-specific siRNA significantly abolished the hispolon-induced activation of the caspase-8/-9/-3. In vivo, hispolon significantly reduced tumor growth in mice with HL-60 tumor xenografts. In hispolon-treated tumors, activation of caspase-3 and a decrease in Ki67-positive cells were observed. Our results indicated that hispolon may have the potential to serve as a therapeutic tool to treat AML

    Increased intracellular ribosomal RNA in AM from TB patients.

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    <p>The Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct (AMTD) test that measures the intracellular ribosomal RNA in AM of pulmonary TB patients is significantly higher in patients with high M. TB load of sputum (High AFB, n = 6) than that of patients with low sputum bacterial load (Low AFB, n = 6). Data are mean ± SE. *** p<0.001.</p

    Distribution frequency of the clinical status and <i>CA9</i> rs2071676 genotype frequencies in 462 patients with oral cancer.

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    <p>The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by logistic regression models. The adjusted ORs (AORs) with 95% CIs were estimated by multiple logistic regression models after controlling for age, gender, betel-quid chewing, alcohol consumption, and tobacco use.</p><p>> T2: tumor size >2 cm in greatest dimension.</p>*<p>Statistically significant at <i>p</i><0.05.</p

    Transcript and sequence of each primer used in real time RT-PCR and ChIP assays.

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    <p><i>Abbreviations</i>: F =  forward; R =  reverse; IP-10 =  Interferon gamma-induced protein-10; IL-8 =  interleukin-8; NRF  =  NF-κB repressing factor; ChIP  =  chromatin immunoprecipitation.</p

    Distributions of demographic characteristics in 519 healthy controls and 462 patients with oral cancer.

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    <p>The Mann-Whitney <i>U</i>-test or Fisher’s exact test was used between healthy controls and patients with oral cancer. * Statistically significant at <i>p</i><0.05.</p

    Expression of IP-10/CXCL10 and IL-8/CXCL8 mRNA in AM and PBMC of TB patients.

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    <p>The mRNA levels of IP-10/CXCL10 (left panel) and IL-8/CXCL8 (right panel) in (A) alveolar macrophages (AM) and (B) PBMC of TB patients with high bacterial load (High AFB, n = 6) are significantly higher than that of low bacterial load TB patients (Low AFB, n = 6) and normal subjects (Normal, n = 8). Values were normalized by GAPDH. Data are means ± SE. *p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<i><</i>0.001 compared with normal subjects. # p<0.01 compared with low bacterial load TB patients.</p

    Involvement of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced proliferation of HT-29 cells.

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    <p>Cells were pretreated for 30 min with 3 µM Sn(IV)protoporphyrin-1X (snPP) and then stimulated with 10 ng/ml EGF for another 48 h. A BrdU cell proliferation assay was carried out as described in “<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0104891#s2" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>”. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of three experiments. *<i>p</i><0.05, compared to EGF treatment.</p

    Increased NF-κB subunits, release of IP-10/CXCL10 and IL-8/CXCL8 in pulmonary TB.

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    <p>TransAM assay to measure the NF-κB subunit p65 and p50 activities reveals (A) an increase in basal state both p65 and p50 activities in PBMC of pulmonary TB patients (n = 5) compared with those of normal subjects (n = 4), * p<0.05 compared with normal subjects; (B) the release of IP-10/CXCL10 (Left panel) and IL-8/CXCL8 (Right panel) from PBMC of TB patients (n = 5) is significantly inhibited by NF-κB inhibitors either JSH-23 (5 and 50 μM) or Helenalin (0.5 μM) compared to those of the vehicle (0 μM). Data are means ± S.E. *p<0.05, ***p<0.001 compared to the vehicle.</p
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