13,533 research outputs found
A novel approach to collaborative product development in the medical-equipment industry
In this study, we summarise the requirements for collaborative product development based on our investigation of the differences in the resources and tools that are needed for the various stages of collaborative product development and the needs of system users during these various stages. We proposed a user-oriented approach of collaborative product development for medical equipment and designed a collaborative product development system with the required functionalities to satisfy different areas according to their roles and workflow. The system we developed can drastically simplify the original complex and dispersed process of product development for intelligent medical equipment, thereby allowing the project team to develop new medical-equipment products and promote interactions among the research and development staff, clinical specialists, and the test participants successfully, thereby resulting in a user-oriented collaborative product development process
Microscopic Approach to Shear Viscosities in Superfluid Gases: From BCS to BEC
We compute the shear viscosity, , at general temperatures , in a
BCS-BEC crossover scheme which is demonstrably consistent with conservation
laws. The study of is important because it constrains microscopic
theories by revealing the excitation spectra. The onset of a normal state
pairing gap and the contribution from pair degrees of freedom imply that
at low becomes small, rather than exhibiting the upturn predicted by most
others. Using the local density approximation, we find quite reasonable
agreement with just-published experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Control of tetrahedral coordination and superconductivity in FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin films
We demonstrate a close relationship between superconductivity and the
dimensions of the Fe-Se(Te) tetrahedron in FeSe0.5Te0.5. This is done by
exploiting thin film epitaxy, which provides controlled biaxial stress, both
compressive and tensile, to distort the tetrahedron. The Se/Te height within
the tetrahedron is found to be of crucial importance to superconductivity, in
agreement with the theoretical proposal that (pi,pi) spin fluctuations promote
superconductivity in Fe superconductors
On the limits of measuring the bulge and disk properties of local and high-redshift massive galaxies
A considerable fraction of the massive quiescent galaxies at \emph{z}
2, which are known to be much more compact than galaxies of
comparable mass today, appear to have a disk. How well can we measure the bulge
and disk properties of these systems? We simulate two-component model galaxies
in order to systematically quantify the effects of non-homology in structures
and the methods employed. We employ empirical scaling relations to produce
realistic-looking local galaxies with a uniform and wide range of
bulge-to-total ratios (), and then rescale them to mimic the
signal-to-noise ratios and sizes of observed galaxies at \emph{z} 2.
This provides the most complete set of simulations to date for which we can
examine the robustness of two-component decomposition of compact disk galaxies
at different . We confirm that the size of these massive, compact galaxies
can be measured robustly using a single S\'{e}rsic fit. We can measure
accurately without imposing any constraints on the light profile shape of the
bulge, but, due to the small angular sizes of bulges at high redshift, their
detailed properties can only be recovered for galaxies with \gax\ 0.2.
The disk component, by contrast, can be measured with little difficulty
The Optimal Decoupled Liabilities: A General Analysis
The “decoupled” liability system awards the plaintiff an amount that differs from what the defendant pays. The previous approach to the optimal decoupling design is based on the assumption of complete information, which results in an optimal liability for the defendant “as much as he can afford.” This extreme conclusion may hinder the acceptability of the decoupling system. This paper proposes an alternative design based on the assumption that agents in the post-accident subgame have asymmetric information. Our model indicates that the optimal penalty faced by the defendant is generally greater than the optimal award to the plaintiff. When the potential harm is sufficiently large, the optimal penalty can be approximated by a multiple of the harm, but the plaintiff receives only a finite amount of the damages regardless of the loss suffered. Such a decoupling scheme deters frivolous lawsuits without reducing the defendants’ incentives to exercise care. Additionally, this paper derives comparative static results concerning how the trial costs of the plaintiff and defendant affect the optimal design of decoupling.
How Robust Are the Size Measurements of High-redshift Compact Galaxies?
Massive quiescent galaxies at are apparently much more compact
than galaxies of comparable mass today. How robust are these size measurements?
We perform comprehensive simulations to determine possible biases and
uncertainties in fitting single-component light distributions to real galaxies.
In particular, we examine the robustness of the measurements of the luminosity,
size, and other structural parameters. We devise simulations with increasing
realism to systematically disentangle effects due to the technique
(specifically using GALFIT) and the intrinsic structures of the galaxies. By
accurately capturing the detailed substructures of nearby elliptical galaxies
and then rescaling their sizes and signal-to-noise to mimic galaxies at
different redshifts, we confirm that the massive quiescent galaxies at are significantly more compact intrinsically than their local
counterparts. Their observed compactness is not a result of missing faint outer
light due to systematic errors in modeling. In fact, we find that fitting
multi-component galaxies with a single S\'ersic profile, the procedure most
commonly adopted in the literature, biases the inferred sizes higher by up to
10% - 20%, which accentuates the amount of size evolution required. If the sky
estimation has been done robustly and the model for the point-spread function
is fairly accurate, GALFIT can retrieve the properties of single-component
galaxies over a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios without introducing any
systematic errors.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, 8 tables; Accepted for publication in Ap
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