Mott Relation for Anomalous Hall and Nernst effects in Ga1-xMnxAs Ferromagnetic Semiconductors

The Mott relation between the electrical and thermoelectric transport coefficients normally holds for phenomena involving scattering. However, the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in ferromagnets may arise from intrinsic spin-orbit interaction. In this work, we have simultaneously measured AHE and the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) in Ga1-xMnxAs ferromagnetic semiconductor films, and observed an exceptionally large ANE at zero magnetic field. We further show that AHE and ANE share a common origin and demonstrate the validity of the Mott relation for the anomalous transport phenomena

Evaluation of Forearm Musclar Function of Hemiplegic Patients Using Displacement MMG

To realise an automated self-rehabilitation at home, it is necessary to provide proper feedback on the status of the recovery of the patient. In a simple finger rehabilitation, a fingertip force monitor is used to detect undesired and paralyzed movement, which is used to determine the degree of recovery. In contrast to the fingertip force, the balance of flexion and extension of finger muscles is another essential feature of the paralysis. However, simultaneous monitoring of flexor and extensor is impossible by using a single fingertip pressure sensor. Usually, EMG is used to monitor individual muscular activity. However, inexperienced home user will not be able to deal with electrodes properly. In this paper, we propose a device to monitor flexion and extension by a unit which is easy to handle. Also, we propose a method to derive a degree of recovery using the signals collected from this device. The results by data collected from healthy and stroke patients show the potential effectiveness of our method

Observation of finite excess noise in the voltage-biased quantum Hall regime as a precursor for breakdown

We performed noise measurements in a two-dimensional electron gas to investigate the nonequilibrium quantum Hall effect (QHE) state. While excess noise is perfectly suppressed around the zero-biased QHE state reflecting the dissipationless electron transport of the QHE state, considerable finite excess noise is observed in the breakdown regime of the QHE. The noise temperature deduced from the excess noise is found to be of the same order as the energy gap between the highest occupied Landau level and the lowest empty one. Moreover, unexpected finite excess noise is observed at a finite source-drain bias voltagesmaller than the onset voltage of the QHE breakdown, which indicates finite dissipation in the QHE state and may be related to the prebreakdown of the QHE.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure

Specification of Dendritogenesis Site in Drosophila aCC Motoneuron by Membrane Enrichment of Pak1 through Dscam1

SummaryPrecise positioning of dendritic branches is a critical step in the establishment of neuronal circuitry. However, there is limited knowledge on how environmental cues translate into dendrite initiation or branching at a specific position. Here, through a combination of mutation, RNAi, and imaging experiments, we found that a Dscam-Dock-Pak1 hierarchical interaction defines the stereotypical dendrite growth site in the Drosophila aCC motoneuron. This interaction localizes the Cdc42 effector Pak1 to the plasma membrane at the dendrite initiation site before the activation of Cdc42. Ectopic expression of membrane-anchored Pak1 overrides this spatial specification of dendritogenesis, confirming its function in guiding Cdc42 signaling. We further discovered that Dscam1 localization in aCC occurs through an inter-neuronal contact that involves Dscam1 in the partner MP1 neuron. These findings elucidate a mechanism by which Dscam1 controls neuronal morphogenesis through spatial regulation of Cdc42 signaling and, subsequently, cytoskeletal remodeling