11 research outputs found
Principal characteristics of studied patients.
<p>Abbreviations: MMSE = Mini Mental State Examination; CSF = cerebro-spinal fluid.</p><p>There are summarized here the principal features of all studied patients.</p><p>Principal characteristics of studied patients.</p
Volumes of interest (VOIs; size = 20x20x20mm) investigated by 1H MRS (top panel).
<p>Typical spectra obtained from VOIs positioned in the occipital lobes of a control subject and a patient with PCA are also shown (bottom panel) See text for further details.</p
VBM analysis: PCA patients compared to healthy controls showed a widespread pattern of bilateral grey matter loss, predominantly affecting the posterior areas of the brain.
<p>The opposite contrast (PCA patients more than controls) did not reveal any significant difference. Statistical threshold: p<0.05 Family Wise Error (FWE) corrected at cluster level. See text for further details.</p
Association study and meta-analysis for rs30187 in RRMS and CD.
a<p>P value from Pearson's Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction.</p>b<p>P value from Cochran Q heterogeneity test.</p>c<p>Heterogeneity index.</p>d<p>Random-effects meta-analysis p value.</p
Recommended from our members
CSF ß-amyloid predicts prognosis in patients with multiple sclerosis
Background: The importance of predicting disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) has increasingly been recognised, hence reliable biomarkers are needed. Objectives: To investigate the prognostic role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Amyloid beta1-42 (A?) levels by the determination of a cut-off value to classify patients in slow and fast progressors. To evaluate possible association with white (WM) and grey matter (GM) damage at early disease stages. Methods: Sixty patients were recruited and followed-up for three to five years. Patients underwent clinical assessment, CSF analysis to determine Aß levels, and brain MRI (at baseline and after 1 year). T1-weighted volumes were calculated. T2-weighted scans were used to quantify WM lesion loads. Results: Lower CSF Aß levels were observed in patients with a worse follow-up EDSS (r=-0.65, p0.05). Conclusions: Low CSF Aß levels may represent a predictive biomarker of disease progression in MS
Recommended from our members
CSF ß-amyloid as a putative biomarker of disease progression in multiple sclerosis
BACKGROUND Neurodegeneration plays a major role in determining disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Hence, there is increasing need to identify reliable biomarkers, which could serve as prognostic measure of disease progression. OBJECTIVES To assess whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau and ß-amyloid (Aß) levels were altered in newly diagnosed MS patients and correlated with disability. Moreover, we investigated whether these CSF biomarkers associate with macroscopic brain tissue damage measures. METHODS CSF Aß and tau levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in CSF samples from 48 newly diagnosed MS patients, followed-up clinically for 3?years by recording their Expanded Disability Status Scale score at 6-month intervals, and 45 controls. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and at the end of follow-up to quantify their lesion load (LL). RESULTS CSF Aß levels were significantly reduced in patients compared to controls ( p
Allelic and genotype frequencies given as %(n) in German cases compared with age-, gender- and ethnicity matched controls.
*<p><i>P</i><0.001, OR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.09–0.14.</p>**<p><i>P</i> = 0.001, OR: 0.60, 95%CI: 0.44–0.81.</p>***<p><i>P</i> = 0.0002, OR: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.20–0.61.</p>****<p><i>P</i><0.001, OR: 0.28, 95%CI: 0.17–0.44.</p>*****<p><i>P</i><0.001, OR: 0.63, 95%CI: 0.49–0.80.</p>°<p><i>P</i> = 0.0003, OR: 0.37, 95%CI: 0.22–0.63.</p>°°<p><i>P</i> = 0.01, OR: 0.66, 95%CI: 0.49–0.90.</p>°°°<p><i>P</i> = 0.002, OR: 0.48, 95%CI: 0.31–0.77.</p>°°°°<p><i>P</i><0.001, OR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.30–0.63.</p>°°°°°<p><i>P</i> = 0.005, OR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.55–0.89.</p>•<p><i>P</i> = 0.01, OR: 0.51, 95%CI: 0.30–0.85.</p>••<p><i>P</i><0.0001, OR: 0.53, 95%CI: 0.39–0.72.</p>•••<p><i>P</i> = 0.019, OR: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.42–0.91.</p>••••<p><i>P</i> = 0.007, OR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.56–0.91.</p
DataSheet_1_Extracellular vesicles released by microglia and macrophages carry endocannabinoids which foster oligodendrocyte differentiation.pdf
IntroductionMicroglia and macrophages can influence the evolution of myelin lesions through the production of extracellular vesicles (EVs). While microglial EVs promote in vitro differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), whether EVs derived from macrophages aid or limit OPC maturation is unknown.MethodsImmunofluorescence analysis for the myelin protein MBP was employed to evaluate the impact of EVs from primary rat macrophages on cultured OPC differentiation. Raman spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to define the promyelinating lipid components of myelin EVs obtained in vitro and isolated from human plasma.Results and discussionHere we show that macrophage-derived EVs do not promote OPC differentiation, and those released from macrophages polarized towards an inflammatory state inhibit OPC maturation. However, their lipid cargo promotes OPC maturation in a similar manner to microglial EVs. We identify the promyelinating endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in EVs released by both macrophages and microglia in vitro and circulating in human plasma. Analysis of OPC differentiation in the presence of the endocannabinoid receptor antagonists SR141716A and AM630 reveals a key role of vesicular endocannabinoids in OPC maturation. From this study, EV-associated endocannabinoids emerge as important mediators in microglia/macrophage-oligodendrocyte crosstalk, which may be exploited to enhance myelin repair.</p
Scattergram of progranulin plasma levels in BPD patients and controls.
<p>Black lines represent mean values. G = German. I = Italian. *<i>P</i><0.001, patients versus controls.</p
Characteristics of Italian (I) and German (G) subjects included in plasma level evaluation.
<p>Characteristics of Italian (I) and German (G) subjects included in plasma level evaluation.</p