ASEAN China economic relations : developments in ASEAN and China

Meeting: Workshop on China ASEAN Economic Relations : Developments in China and ASEAN and their Implications for China ASEAN Economic Relations, 27-29 Oct. 1987, Beijing, C

Mapping genomic loci implicates genes and synaptic biology in schizophrenia

Schizophrenia has a heritability of 60-80%1, much of which is attributable to common risk alleles. Here, in a two-stage genome-wide association study of up to 76,755 individuals with schizophrenia and 243,649 control individuals, we report common variant associations at 287 distinct genomic loci. Associations were concentrated in genes that are expressed in excitatory and inhibitory neurons of the central nervous system, but not in other tissues or cell types. Using fine-mapping and functional genomic data, we identify 120 genes (106 protein-coding) that are likely to underpin associations at some of these loci, including 16 genes with credible causal non-synonymous or untranslated region variation. We also implicate fundamental processes related to neuronal function, including synaptic organization, differentiation and transmission. Fine-mapped candidates were enriched for genes associated with rare disruptive coding variants in people with schizophrenia, including the glutamate receptor subunit GRIN2A and transcription factor SP4, and were also enriched for genes implicated by such variants in neurodevelopmental disorders. We identify biological processes relevant to schizophrenia pathophysiology; show convergence of common and rare variant associations in schizophrenia and neurodevelopmental disorders; and provide a resource of prioritized genes and variants to advance mechanistic studies

The Singapore Model of Industrial Policy: Past Evolution and Current Thinking

This presentation summarizes Singapore's economic performance, and examines the evolving industrial strategy, major policies and performances. Singapore has achieved substantial economic and social progress since political independence in 1965, with one of the highest per capita incomes in Asia. The economic success of Singapore has been used by neoclassical economists to support the role of the market, with minimal price distortions, openness to international trade, investment and technology flows, macroeconomic stability from fiscal and monetary prudence, and high savings and investment. This presentation was presented at the Latin America/Caribbean and Asia/Pacific Economics and Business Association (LAEBA)'s 2nd Annual Meeting held in Buenos Aires, Argentina on November 28th-29th, 2005.

Regionalism and subregionalism in ASEAN

행사명 : Economics Regionalism vs. Multilateral Trade Arrangemen

Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN Economies

The economies of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)—comprising Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand—have enjoyed robust economic growth rates in the past two decades. A conducive external environment, an outward-looking development strategy which emphasizes the role of foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) and political, social and economic stability have contributed to economic buoyancy, high levels of investment and employment generation, rising productivity and skill development, and sharply improved export performance in manufactures. At the same time, the buoyant economies have acted as a magnet to attract further inward investment flows. Thus, FDI acts as both cause and effect in economic growth and facilitates economic upgrading