735 research outputs found
Detection of genetic and epigenetic DNA markers in urine for the early detection of primary and recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma
Poster presented at American Association of the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) meeting in San Francisco California.
Objective:
Develop a urine test using a panel of select genetic and epigenetic markers for the early detection of primary and recurrent HCC.
Introduction:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or liver cancer is an aggressive disease and one of the fastest growing cancers by incidence in the United States. Early detection is the key for effective treatment of HCC as the 5-year survival rate is 26% in early stage HCC as compared to only 2% when found after spreading to distant organs. The current marker, alpha-feto protein (AFP) and its fucosylated glycoform, L3, are of limited value with only 40-60% sensitivity.https://jdc.jefferson.edu/gastrohepposters/1000/thumbnail.jp
Analysis of Resistance to Clarithromycin and Virulence Markers in Helicobacter pylori Clinical Isolates from Eastern Taiwan
AbstractObjectiveLittle information is available concerning the relationships between clarithromycin resistance and virulence marker genes (iceA, cagA and vacA) in Helicobacter pylori isolated in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible association between clarithromycin resistance and genotypes of the virulence markers on clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori isolates obtained in eastern TaiwanMaterials and MethodsThe genotypes of the virulence marker genes (iceA, cagA and vacA) were analyzed by PCR, and the 23S rDNA region from 18 clarithromycin-resistant clinical isolates of H. pylori was amplified by PCR and sequenced.ResultsPoint mutations were found to occur in all isolates. Two isolates had A2143G, six had T2182C, one had C2227T, six had A2143G plus T2182C, and three had heterozygous alleles. The latter included a wild-type allele (A2143) plus (i) an A2143G, (ii) an A2143G plus an A2223G, and (iii) an A2143G plus a T2182C. The prevalence of the marker genes cagA, iceA1, iceA2, and both iceA1 and iceA2, in the isolates was 95.5%, 66.9%, 7.5%, and 25.6%, respectively. The vacAs1 allele was detected in all isolates, whereas the m1 and m2 alleles were found in 44.4% and 55.6% of the isolates, respectivelyConclusionThere were no significant associations between clarithromycin resistance and the presence of the cagA gene, vacA allele mosaicism, and the iceA genotypes. The most notable finding of our study was that the C2227T single mutation in 23S rDNA could also be related to the high clarithromycin minimal inhibitory concentrations in clinical isolates from eastern Taiwan
Sensor Fabrication Method for in Situ Temperature and Humidity Monitoring of Light Emitting Diodes
In this work micro temperature and humidity sensors are fabricated to measure the junction temperature and humidity of light emitting diodes (LED). The junction temperature is frequently measured using thermal resistance measurement technology. The weakness of this method is that the timing of data capture is not regulated by any standard. This investigation develops a device that can stably and continually measure temperature and humidity. The device is light-weight and can monitor junction temperature and humidity in real time. Using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), this study minimizes the size of the micro temperature and humidity sensors, which are constructed on a stainless steel foil substrate (40 μm-thick SS-304). The micro temperature and humidity sensors can be fixed between the LED chip and frame. The sensitivities of the micro temperature and humidity sensors are 0.06 ± 0.005 (Ω/°C) and 0.033 pF/%RH, respectively
Development of Shanghai satellite laser ranging station
The topics covered include the following: improvement of the system hardware; upgrading of the software; the observation status; preliminary daylight tracking capability; testing the new type of laser; and future plans
Operation and evaluation of digitalized retail electricity markets under low-carbon transition: recent advances and challenges
With the growth of electricity consumers purchasing green energy and the development of digital energy trading platforms, the role of digitalized retail electricity markets in the low-carbon transition of electric energy systems is becoming increasingly crucial. In this circumstance, the research work on retail electricity markets needs to be further analyzed and expanded, which would facilitate the efficient decision-making of both market players and policymakers. First, this paper introduces the latest developments in the retail electricity market under low-carbon energy transition and analyzes the limitations of the existing research works. Second, from three aspects of power trading strategy, retail pricing methodology, and market risk management, it provides an overview of the existing operation and mechanism design strategies of the retail electricity market; then, it provides a systematic introduction to the evaluation system and monitoring methodology of electricity markets, which is not sufficient for the current digitalized retail electricity markets. Finally, the issues regarding operation evaluation and platform optimization of the current digitalized retail electricity market are summarized, and the research topics worth further investigations are recommended
Simultaneous compression of the passively mode-locked pulsewidth and pulse train
Simultaneous compression of the passively mode-locked pulse width and pulse train have been achieved by using a plano-convex unstable resonator hybrided by a nonlinear Sagnac ring interferometer. The greater than 30 mJ single pulse energy of a lone oscillator and less than or equal to 10 ps pulsewidth have been obtained. Using this system, the LAGEOS and ETALON satellites' laser ranging have been performed successfully
Crown ether decorated silicon photonics for safeguarding against lead poisoning
Lead (Pb2+) toxification in society is one of the most concerning public
health crisis that remains unaddressed. The exposure to Pb2+ poisoning leads to
a multitude of enduring health issues, even at the part-per-billion scale
(ppb). Yet, public action dwarfs its impact. Pb2+ poisoning is estimated to
account for 1 million deaths per year globally, which is in addition to its
chronic impact on children. With their ring-shaped cavities, crown ethers are
uniquely capable of selectively binding to specific ions. In this work, for the
first time, the synergistic integration of highly-scalable silicon photonics,
with crown ether amine conjugation via Fischer esterification in an
environmentally-friendly fashion is demonstrated. This realises a photonic
platform that enables the in-situ, highly-selective and quantitative detection
of various ions. The development dispels the existing notion that Fischer
esterification is restricted to organic compounds, laying the ground for
subsequent amine conjugation for various crown ethers. In this work, the
platform is engineered for Pb2+ detection, demonstrating a large dynamic
detection range of 1 - 262000 ppb with high selectivity against a wide range of
relevant ions. These results indicate the potential for the pervasive
implementation of the technology to safeguard against ubiquitous lead poisoning
in our society
Reply to: Mobility overestimation in MoS transistors due to invasive voltage probes
In this reply, we include new experimental results and verify that the
observed non-linearity in rippled-MoS (leading to mobility kink) is an
intrinsic property of a disordered system, rather than contact effects
(invasive probes) or other device issues. Noting that Peng Wu's hypothesis is
based on a highly ordered ideal system, transfer curves are expected to be
linear, and the carrier density is assumed be constant. Wu's model is therefore
oversimplified for disordered systems and neglects carrier-density dependent
scattering physics. Thus, it is fundamentally incompatible with our
rippled-MoS, and leads to the wrong conclusion
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