The perspective of psychology students on the areas of psychology

Perception is defined as the result of an awareness process about phenomena, things (living animals, plants, or humans), connections between objects by activities including noticing, observing, differentiating, and acknowledging. A recent study was conducted to investigate the undergraduate’s perception of areas of psychology. This research used the Vietnamese version of the Scale of Interests by Areas of Psychology (EIAPsi), including ten subscales to survey 252 psychology students (57 males and 195 females) from four universities in Vietnam. The findings showed significant effects of university and major on psychology undergraduate’s perception of areas of psychology. Students majoring in Counseling and Clinical Psychology had more general knowledge about the functions and roles of Clinical and Health Psychology and Neuropsychology than other undergraduates. Industrial and Organizational Psychology students had more general knowledge about Organizational Psychology than students in other majors

Enhancement of current-voltage characteristics of multilayer organic light emitting diodes by using nanostructured composite films

With the aim of improving the photonic efficiency of an organic light emitting diode (OLED) and its display duration, both the hole transport layer (HTL) and the emitting layer (EL) were prepared as nanostructured thin films. For the HTL, nanocomposite films were prepared by spin-coating a homogeneous solution of low molecular weight poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) and surfactant-capped TiO2 nanocrystals onto low resistivity indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates; for the EL, nancrystalline titatium oxide (nc-TiO2)-embedded Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV+nc-TiO2) conjugate polymers were spin-coated onto the HTL. Also, for a shallow contact of Al/LiF/MEH-PPV instead of Al/MEH-PPV a super LiF thin film was deposited onto the EL by vacuum evaporation. The resulting multilayer OLED had the following structure of Al/LiF/MEH-PPV+nc-TiO2/PEDOT-PSS+nc-TiO2/ITO. Characterization of the nanocomposite films showed that both the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and the photoluminescent properties of the nanocomposite materials were significantly enhanced in comparison with the standard polymers. OLEDs made from these layers would exhibit a large photonic efficiency

Spectroscopic and Photoluminescent Properties of Nanostructured Polyfluorenes/TiO2 Composite Films used for OLEDs

In this work we present spectroscopic and photoluminescent properties of nanostructured polymeric composite films of nanocrystalline TiO2 and polyfuorenes (PF+nc-TiO2). The films were deposited onto glass and KBr substrates by spin-coating PF-in-toluene solution with embedding of 5-nm thick nc-TiO2 particles. The nc-TiO2 wt concentration embedded in PF was chosen as 1%, 2% and 4%. The FTIR, FTR, UV-VIS-NIR and photoluminescence characterization were carried-out to study the influence of oxide nanoparticles on the absorption spectra, molecular structures and emissive luminescence of the composites. It was shown that the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles results in improvement of charge separation of carriers generated by light excitation. Under a short wavelength excitation, in some samples a PL enhancement was observed. Under normal or long wavelength excitation, PF fluorescence quenching occurred for all the composites. Aging process of the composites was also investigated

EVALUATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF THE BLACK GLUTINOUS RICE BASED ON AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS

The study assessed the variations in nine agro-morphological characters among and within the black glutinous rice (Oryza sativa) population from Chau Thanh District, Tra Vinh Province. The nine quantitative agromorphological characters that were measured include culm length, leaf length, leaf width, number of panicles, panicle length, grain length, grain width, number of firm grain, and number of grain per panicle. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean method and principal coordinate analysis by the NTSYS program were applied in this study to classify the nine agro-morphological characters. In addition, to compare the variations in quantitative characters between O. sativa populations, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. The results showed significant differences between the black glutinous rice populations for all quantitative agro-morphological characters. Moreover, some agro-morphological characters showed positive correlations to each other. The dendrogram generated from the analysis process of the agromorphological data divided the O. sativa populations into two groups with unfamiliar features. However, the O. sativa populations assessed exhibited a wide range of variations in morphological characteristics, both within the same population and among other populations with the same strains

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF HEDYOTIS PINIFOLIA WALL. COLLECTED IN THUA THIEN HUE

This study reports the chemical constituents from the whole plants Hedyotis pinifolia Wall. Ex G. Don (now accepted as Oldenlandia  pinifolia (Wall. Ex G. Don) Kuntze) collected  in Thua Thien Hue province. Thirteen compounds were isolated by chromatography method. Their structures were elucidated using MS and NMR analysis and compared with reported data. They contain three anthraquinones, a carotenoid, two triterpenes, four iridoid glucosides and three flavonoid glycosides. Four of them were found for the first time in this genus

A prospective multi-center observational study of children hospitalized with diarrhea in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

We performed a prospective multicenter study to address the lack of data on the etiology, clinical and demographic features of hospitalized pediatric diarrhea in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. Over 2,000 (1,419 symptomatic and 609 non-diarrheal control) children were enrolled in three hospitals over a 1-year period in 2009-2010. Aiming to detect a panel of pathogens, we identified a known diarrheal pathogen in stool samples from 1,067/1,419 (75.2%) children with diarrhea and from 81/609 (13.3%) children without diarrhea. Rotavirus predominated in the symptomatic children (664/1,419; 46.8%), followed by norovirus (293/1,419; 20.6%). The bacterial pathogens Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Shigella were cumulatively isolated from 204/1,419 (14.4%) diarrheal children and exhibited extensive antimicrobial resistance, most notably to fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins. We suggest renewed efforts in generation and implementation of policies to control the sale and prescription of antimicrobials to curb bacterial resistance and advise consideration of a subsidized rotavirus vaccination policy to limit the morbidity due to diarrheal disease in Vietnam

XÂY DỰNG BỘ CHỈ TIÊU PHÁT TRIỂN BỀN VỮNG VỀ CÁC LĨNH VỰC KINH TẾ, XÃ HỘI VÀ MÔI TRƯỜNG CÁC TỈNH TÂY NGUYÊN

A  sustainable  development  indication  set  plays  a  very  important  role  for  assessing,  monitoring  the  sustainable development  status  in  a  region,  supporting  policy,  decision makers to  propose  confident  decisions  to control  economic, social, and environmental themes toward sustainable developmet. The content, procedure, methodology, and methods to establish the sustainable development indicator set in Tay Nguyen (SDI) were figured out; proposing a list of sustainable development indicators for Tay Nguyen consisting of 77 indicators at regional scale, 70 indicators at provincial scale, 49 indicators at district scale. The  SDI could comprehensively show overall development process toward sustainable by 13 themes (economic field - 3 themes; social field - 5 themes; and environmental field - 5 themes). The paper outlined the SDI’s definition and indicated SDI’s significance through linkages between the sustainable development indicators and sustainable development themes.ReferencesLê Thạc Cán, Trần Thùy Chi, Nguyễn Thế Chinh, Nguyễn Viết Thịnh, Ngô Đăng Trí, Nguyễn Thanh Tuấn, Trần Văn Ý và James Hennessy, 2013. Kết quả bước đầu của Đề tài “Nghiên cứu xây dựng Bộ chỉ tiêu phát triển bền vững các lĩnh vực kinh tế xã hội và môi trường các tỉnh Tây Nguyên”, Tạp chí Khoa học Công nghệ Việt Nam, ISSN 1859-4794. No14, 2013, p 61-64. Dhakal S. 2002. Report on Indicator related research for Kitakyushu Initiative. Ministry of Environment, Japan. Harold A. Linstone, Murray Turoff, 2002. The Delphi Method: Techniques and Applications. Hui-Chun Chu, Gwo-Jen Hwang, 2008. A Delphi-based approach to developing expert systems with the cooperation of multiple experts, Expert Systems with Applications, 34(4), 2826- 840. (SCI). Jean Hugé, Hai Le Trinh, Pham Hoang Hai, Jan Kuilman and Luc Hens, 2009. Sustainability indicators for clean development mechanism projects in Vietnam, Springer Netherlands. Environment, Development and Sustainability, August 2010, Volume 12, Issue 4, pp 561-571. Trần Văn Ý, Lê Thạc Cán, Trần Thùy Chi, Nguyễn Thế Chinh, Ngô Đăng Trí, Nguyễn Viết Thịnh, Nguyễn Thanh Tuấn, 2013. Bộ chỉ tiêu phát triển bền vững về các lĩnh vực kinh tế, xã hội và môi trường các tỉnh Tây Nguyên. Kỷ yếu hội thảo quốc tế lần thứ tư, Việt Nam học, Nhà xuất bản Khoa học xã hội, Hà Nội, ngày 26-28/11/2012, tập IV, 386-400. Bộ Kế hoạch và Đầu tư, 2010. Hệ thống chỉ tiêu thống kê quốc gia (Ban hành theo Quyết định số 43/2010/QĐ/TTg ngày 02 tháng 6 năm 2010 của Thủ tướng Chính phủ). UNDP và MPI, 2005. Identification of a sustainable development indicators set and mechanism for building a sustainable development database in Vietnam (Project VIE/01/021 “Implementation of Vietnam Agenda 21”) United Nations, 2007. Indicators of Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies. Thủ tướng Chính phủ, 2012. Các chỉ tiêu giám sát và đánh giá phát triển bền vững Việt Nam giai đọan 2011-2020 (Ban hành kèm theo Quyết định số 432/QĐ-TTg ngày 12 tháng 4 năm 2012 của Thủ tướng Chính phủ). Thủ tướng Chính phủ, 2013. Bộ chỉ tiêu giám sát, đánh giá phát triển bền vững địa phương giai đoạn 2013-2020 (Ban hành kèm theo Quyết định số 2157/QĐ-TTg ngày 11 tháng 11 năm 2013 của Thủ tướng Chính phủ). A  sustainable  development  indication  set  plays  a  very  important  role  for  assessing,  monitoring  the  sustainable development  status  in  a  region,  supporting  policy,  decision makers to  propose  confident  decisions  to control  economic, social, and environmental themes toward sustainable developmet. The content, procedure, methodology, and methods to establish the sustainable development indicator set in Tay Nguyen (SDI) were figured out; proposing a list of sustainable development indicators for Tay Nguyen consisting of 77 indicators at regional scale, 70 indicators at provincial scale, 49 indicators at district scale. The  SDI could comprehensively show overall development process toward sustainable by 13 themes (economic field - 3 themes; social field - 5 themes; and environmental field - 5 themes). The paper outlined the SDI’s definition and indicated SDI’s significance through linkages between the sustainable development indicators and sustainable development themes

Echinacea purpurea: An overview of mechanism, efficacy, and safety in pediatric upper respiratory infections and otitis media

Pediatric upper respiratory infections (URIs) and otitis media (OM) significantly impact the health of children globally. Echinacea purpurea, known for its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, has been historically used to treat various ailments, suggesting its potential as an adjunctive treatment in pediatric respiratory conditions. This narrative review synthesizes literature from January 2000 to December 2023 on the efficacy and safety of E. purpurea in treating pediatric URIs, including OM. It focuses on clinical trials and empirical studies that explore the mechanisms of action, such as the modulation of cytokine production, inhibition of NF-κB signaling, and antimicrobial effects. The analysis reveals mixed outcomes regarding the efficacy of E. purpurea in pediatric populations, attributed partly to variability in study designs and lack of standardized treatment protocols. While some studies report reduced severity and duration of respiratory symptoms, others indicate minimal or no significant difference compared to placebo. The review also highlights the need for specifically designed products that cater to the unique physiological and metabolic needs of children. Rigorous, well-designed clinical trials are crucial for establishing clear guidelines on the use of E. purpurea in pediatric respiratory care, ensuring its safe and effective application in improving health outcomes for children

Spatiotemporal evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants during large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19, Vietnam, 2021

We analyzed 1,303 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences from Vietnam, and found the Alpha and Delta variants were responsible for a large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19 in 2021. The Delta variant was confined to the AY.57 lineage and caused >1.7 million infections and >32,000 deaths. Viral transmission was strongly affected by nonpharmaceutical interventions