6 research outputs found
Focused Screening and Treatment (FSAT): a PCR-based strategy to detect malaria parasite carriers and contain drug resistant P. falciparum, Pailin, Cambodia.
Recent studies have shown that Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites in Pailin province, along the border between Thailand and Cambodia, have become resistant to artemisinin derivatives. To better define the epidemiology of P. falciparum populations and to assess the risk of the possible spread of these parasites outside Pailin, a new epidemiological tool named "Focused Screening and Treatment" (FSAT), based on active molecular detection of asymptomatic parasite carriers was introduced in 2010. Cross-sectional malariometric surveys using PCR were carried out in 20 out of 109 villages in Pailin province. Individuals detected as P. falciparum carriers were treated with atovaquone-proguanil combination plus a single dose of primaquine if the patient was non-G6PD deficient. Interviews were conducted to elicit history of cross-border travel that might contribute to the spread of artemisinin-resistant parasites. After directly observed treatment, patients were followed up and re-examined on day 7 and day 28. Among 6931 individuals screened, prevalence of P. falciparum carriers was less than 1%, of whom 96% were asymptomatic. Only 1.6% of the individuals had a travel history or plans to go outside Cambodia, with none of those tested being positive for P. falciparum. Retrospective analysis, using 2010 routine surveillance data, showed significant differences in the prevalence of asymptomatic carriers discovered by FSAT between villages classified as "high risk" and "low risk" based on malaria incidence data. All positive individuals treated and followed-up until day 28 were cured. No mutant-type allele related to atovaquone resistance was found. FSAT is a potentially useful tool to detect, treat and track clusters of asymptomatic carriers of P. falciparum along with providing valuable epidemiological information regarding cross-border movements of potential malaria parasite carriers and parasite gene flow
Genetic diversity at village level expressed as mean expected Heterozygosity (He) using eights SNPs in <i>P. falciparum</i> collected in Pailin, Cambodia, 2010.
<p>Genetic diversity at village level expressed as mean expected Heterozygosity (He) using eights SNPs in <i>P. falciparum</i> collected in Pailin, Cambodia, 2010.</p
Temporal evolution of the proportion of malaria parasites carriers, Pailin, Cambodia, 2010.
<p>Temporal evolution of the proportion of malaria parasites carriers, Pailin, Cambodia, 2010.</p
Prevalence of <i>Plasmodium</i> carriers (<i>P. falciparum</i>, <i>P. vivax & P. malariae</i>) detected by PCR among 6931 screened individuals, Pailin, Cambodia, 2010.
<p>Prevalence of <i>Plasmodium</i> carriers (<i>P. falciparum</i>, <i>P. vivax & P. malariae</i>) detected by PCR among 6931 screened individuals, Pailin, Cambodia, 2010.</p
Spatial distribution of the selected villages, Pailin, Cambodia, 2010.
<p>Spatial distribution of the selected villages, Pailin, Cambodia, 2010.</p
Characteristics of individuals screened during the FSAT project and prevalence of malaria-infected people detected by RDT among febrile individuals, Pailin, Cambodia, 2010.
a<p>Three persons (0. 03%, 1 in Phnom Dambang and 2 in Oh Preus) were said to work as maids in Malaysia and were initially falsely classified as “A” but have to remain unclassified. However, given that they were most likely to work in an urban area they were considered not be posing a risk to the spread of malaria parasites from Pailin.</p