Calculated Electronic Energy Loss of Heavy Ions at Low Energies in LR-115, Kapton, SiO2, and Al2O3 Amorphous Materials

The electronic stopping powers of LR-115 and Kapton polymeric foilshave been estimated, using Monte Carlo simulations, for 9Be, 11B, 12C, 14N, 16O, and 35Cl ions covering the energy range ~0.1-1.0 MeV/n. Comparison of stopping power based on Lindhard, Scharff, and Schiott (LSS) theory with the corresponding values obtained by SRIM and MSTAR codes in LR-115 and Kapton polymeric foils illustrate a significantly large deviations. However, a semiempirical equation has been proposed here and tested for better stopping power calculations at low-energy regime in the domain of LSS theory for Z = 4-8 ions across materials. Furthermore, the electronic energy losses for 9Be and 16O ions in SiO2 and Al2O3, respectively, have been calculated in the energy range of ~0.1-1.0 MeV/n. The calculated stopping powers exhibit up to 10 % deviation from the experimental values and MSTAR data

Non-Proliferation, Safety and Nuclear Security: Collected Essays on Technologies and International Policies

Since the ending of the Cold War and in the light of an increased risk of nuclear terrorism, a shift in focus has taken place from nuclear safeguards to nuclear security. This book presents 8 lectures delivered at the NATO Advanced Training Course, ‘Non-Proliferation from an International Perspective’, held in Rabat, Morocco, in December 2014. The aim of the course was to inform participants with regard to the advanced political and legal concepts related to nuclear security, as well as equipping them with the necessary tools to apply such concepts in practice. The papers collected here cover the principal political and international topics related to the evolution of the international institutions or regional agencies which manage nuclear threat, with special attention being given to the theoretical and political bases of nuclear security as an answer to that nuclear threat. The book will be of particular interest to all those whose work involves the political and legal aspects of nuclear security, particularly those who must deal with public opinion or decision makers with regard to this important area of national and international security. Please note that one of the eight lectures presented here is written in French, the remaining seven are in English

Small Reactors without On-site Refuelling: Neutronic Characteristics, Emergency Planning and Development Scenarios

Small reactors without on-site refuelling have a capability to operate without reloading or shuffling of fuel in their cores for reasonably long periods of time consistent with plant economy and considerations of energy security, with no fresh or spent fuel being stored at the site during reactor operation. In 2009, more than 25 design concepts of such reactors were analyzed or developed in IAEA Member States, representing both developed and developing countries. Small reactors without on-site refuelling are being developed for several reactor lines, including water cooled reactors, sodium cooled fast reactors, lead and lead bismuth cooled reactors, and also include some non-conventional concepts. To further research and development (R&D) in the areas mentioned above and several others, and to facilitate progress in Member States in design and technology development for small reactors without on-site refueling, the IAEA has conducted a dedicated Coordinated Research Project (CRP) entitled ‘Small Reactors without On-site Refuelling’ (CRPi25001). The project started late in 2004 and, after a review in 2008, was extended for one more year to be ended in 2009. The project has created a network of 18 research institutions from 10 Member States, representing both developed and developing countries. The objective of this report is to document reference points and conclusions achieved through coordinated research conducted within the CRP on ‘Small Reactors without On-site Refuelling’ and to suggest R&D activities to be furthered after the CRP completion. Being documented, the outputs of this CRP may foster further R&D and increase the capability of Member States to achieve progress in development and deployment of small reactors without on-site refuelling

Small reactors without on-site refuelling : neutronic characteristics, emergency planning and development scenarios : final report of an IAEA coordinated research project

Lietuvos energetikos institutas, [email protected] energetikos institutas, [email protected] energetikos institutas, [email protected]