Phase Transition in a One-Dimensional Extended Peierls-Hubbard Model with a Pulse of Oscillating Electric Field: III. Interference Caused by a Double Pulse

In order to study consequences of the differences between the ionic-to-neutral and neutral-to-ionic transitions in the one-dimensional extended Peierls-Hubbard model with alternating potentials for the TTF-CA complex, we introduce a double pulse of oscillating electric field in the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation and vary the interval between the two pulses as well as their strengths. When the dimerized ionic phase is photoexcited, the interference effect is clearly observed owing to the coherence of charge density and lattice displacements. Namely, the two pulses constructively interfere with each other if the interval is a multiple of the period of the optical lattice vibration, while they destructively interfere if the interval is a half-odd integer times the period, in the processes toward the neutral phase. The interference is strong especially when the pulse is strong and short because the coherence is also strong. Meanwhile, when the neutral phase is photoexcited, the interference effect is almost invisible or weakly observed when the pulse is weak. The photoinduced lattice oscillations are incoherent due to random phases. The strength of the interference caused by a double pulse is a key quantity to distinguish the two transitions and to evaluate the coherence of charge density and lattice displacements.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure

The structural evolution of dunite and chromite ore from the Kharcheruz massif, the Polar Urals

The Kharcheruz block of the Syumkeu ultramafic massif is a southern fragment of the Khadata ophiolitic belt, which closes the ophiolites of the Polar Urals in the north. The block, striking in the latitudinal direction, is sheetlike in shape and primarily composed of dunite with nearly latitudinal zones of chromite mineralization. The dunites are subject to ductile deformation various in intensity, and this variability is displayed in their heterogeneous structure and texture. The following microstructural types are distinguished by the variety and intensity of their deformation: protogranular → mesogranular → porphyroclastic → porphyrolath → mosaic. The petrostructural patterns of olivines pertaining to the above types reflect conditions of ductile deformation. Protogranular dunite is formed as a product of pyroxene decomposition in mantle harzburgite accompanied by annealing recrystallization at a temperature above 1000°C. Mesogranular dunite is formed as a product of high-temperature plastic flow by means of translation sliding in olivine and diffuse creep at a temperature dropping from 1000 to 650°C and at a low rate (10–6 s–1). Dunite is deformed by means of syntectonic recrystallization and subordinate translation gliding. Linear zones of disseminated mineralization undergo destruction thereby, with the formation of lenticular chromitite bodies from which ductile olivine is squeezed out with the formation of densely impregnated and massive ores

New ore minerals from the Kingash ultramafic massif, Northwestern Eastern Sayan

The paper discusses earlier poorly studied mineralized rocks of the Kingash ultramafic complex in the Kan Block of the Eastern Sayan, including the large Cu–Ni–PGE deposit of the same name. Despite many researchers' increased interest in the Kingash massif, a number of questions related to the petrology, formation mechanism, and localization of Cu–Ni–PGE ore remain controversial. Along with already known ore minerals, we have identified and described a number of new mineral species: argentite, Fe-enriched sperrylite, a bismuth variety of merenskyite, gersdorffite, cobaltite, and thorianite. The ore minerals are distinguished by a higher relative amount of Fe, and this makes the Kingash deposits close to other Paleoproterozoic Cu–Ni deposits, e.g., the Jinchuan in China, Pechenga in Russia, Ungava in Canada, Mt. Scholl in Australia, etc

Possibilities of Noncommercial Organizations in the Development of the Sphere of the Services

In the article the role and the place of noncommercial public organizations in the development of the sphere of services is examined. Are designated the basic trends of contemporary social and economic development, which caused an increase in the attention on the social and economic potential NKO. Are revealed the specific features of noncommercial organizations in the totality of the subjects of social and economic system, their comparison with the organizations of the state and commercial sectors of this system is carried out. The results of investigating the economic possibilities NKO are analyzed. Are revealed the problems of state and prospects for development NKO in modern Russia. Is represented the classification of the forms of noncommercial organizations under the conditions of the market economy. Are isolated public health and formation as the priority of the branch of the sphere of the services, directed toward formation and development of human capital as the key resource of social and economic development. Direct and indirect impact NKO on the development of data of branches is determined. Measures for the solution of the problems of the use of potential NKO in the development of the sphere of services are proposed

Interactions of State and NKO: Possibility, Mechanisms, Problem and the Method of Their Solution

In the article the problems of the interrelations of the organs of state and municipal control with the public noncommercial organizations (NPO) are analyzed. Are represented the theoretical and practical studies, which characterize specific character NPO as the subject of social relations, the nature of control of their functioning and development. Article is aimed at the complex idea of the nature of the cooperation of state and noncommercial public organizations by way the disclosure of potential and models of the partner relations of state and NPO; the development of the existing within the framework given relations of problems in modern Russia and the determination of the methods of their solution.. A study is carried out with the use of methods of lawful, organizationalfunctional and problematic analysis on the basis of complex and systems approaches. Classification NPO is carried out and the need for the calculation of this classification with the selection of the most optimum mechanisms of the collaboration of authority with them is substantiated. Dana is the characteristic of the basic directions of the government control of public noncommercial sector and guarantee of partner relations of authority and NPO. Are represented the basic models of interaction of authority and NPO within the framework of direct government control, also, on the basis of partner relations. Is substantiated the priority of the realization of interaction of authority and NPO at the regional and municipal levels. Special significance for state and society of socially oriented NPO is determined. Are isolated and described the problems of the realization of the potential “third sector” in the interrelations of authority and NPO. Are designated for solving the data of problems the measures of the lawful and organizational nature within the framework of social policy. The large potential of interaction of authority and NPO and the need for systems and integral approaches in its realization is asserted according to the results of a study

Plastically deformed ultramafites of the Ergaksky chromite-bearing massif (Western Sayan)

Dunites and harzburgites of Ergaksky massif constantly show signs of plastic deformation of olivine and enstatite as inhomogeneous extinction, bands of plastic fracture and sintectonic recrystallization. At level of the upper mantle dunites and harzburgites have undergone plastic deformation by translational sliding in olivine at high temperature and low speed. As a result, ultramafic with medium-grained, meso-granular texture formed. In the process of movement in the Earth's crust plastic deformation occurs mostly as sintectonic recrystallization at subordinate role of translational sliding in conditions of decreasing temperatures and growing speed of plastic flow. This has contributed to the formation of porphyroclastic textures, while translational sliding promoted the distortion of crystal structure and the emergence of non-homogeneous extinction and bands of plastic fracture. Olivinites appeared as a result of secondary recrystallization of annealing under influence of high-temperature fluids on ultramafites