Onsite studies of phosphate compounds application for treatment of clayish soils in a railway bed

The article presents results of field studies dealing with strengthening clayishsoilsin a ground railway bed using phosphoric acid compounds in a DC electrical field. The authors performed comparison of deformability indicators obtained to those for soil treated by an alternative method using classical formulation based on calcium chloride. Modulus of deformation for soil treated with CaCl2-based electrolyte increased 1.3 times, and reached 19.5 MPa, modulus of deformation for soil treated with electrolyte based on Zn(H3PO4)2grewby a factor of 2.4, and reached 34.8 MPa. The paper shows the main engineering and process parameters of operations performed for altering the properties of clayish soils in a ground railway bed. Duration of soil treatment using the electrolyte based on calcium chloride was 27 days, while for the phosphate electrolyte it was 14 days. Power consumption was 10,800 kWh and 5,600 kWh, respectively

(Table 1) Turbidity, temperature, and salinity in the hydrothermal plume and background waters above the northern part of the Mohn's Ridge at Station AMK36-3573-5

In July 1995 geological and biological studies in the axial zone of the northern part of the Mohn's Ridge (72°20'N) were carried out during Cruise 36 of R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh. Slopes of the neovolcanic zone, as well as a caldera on its crest were investigated with use of deep-sea manned submersibles Mir, geological and biological samples were also collected. Use of the Rosette sounding complex provided recognition of several major hydrothermal plumes. Bottom sediments of the marginal depression are enriched in metals characteristic for hydrothermal metalliferous sediments. Thus, a new unknown hydrothermal field was found