Бразилия: состояние, проблемы и тенденции инновационного развития

Formation and development of innovative sectors of national economics in a part of a state policy of many developed and developing countries. The problem urgency is caused by that innovations are a basis of steady economic growth, improvement of quality of life of the population and ecology preservation that, finally, defines position of the state in the world economy. Article purpose is the analysis of a current state of innovative sphere of economy of Brazil in which frameworks experience of state regulation of innovative sphere is studied, questions of coordination and financing of innovative projects are considered, the characteristic of priority problems in the field of innovations is given, problems and prospects of a current state of innovative sphere are revealed, directions of the further development of innovative activity in Brazil are planned.Формирование и развитие инновационных секторов национальных экономик является частью государственной политики многих развитых и развивающихся стран мира. Актуальность проблемы обусловлена тем, что инновации являются основой устойчивого экономического роста, повышения качества жизни населения и сохранения экологии, что в конечном итоге определяет положение государства в мировом хозяйстве. Целью статьи является анализ современного состояния инновационной сферы экономики Бразилии, в рамках которого изучен опыт государственного регулирования инновационной сферы, рассмотрены вопросы координации и финансирования инновационных проектов, дана характеристика приоритетных задач в области инноваций, выявлены проблемы и перспективы современного состояния инновационной сферы, намечены направления дальнейшего развития инновационной деятельности в Бразилии

Fragmentation and Multifragmentation of 10.6A GeV Gold Nuclei

We present the results of a study performed on the interactions of 10.6A GeV gold nuclei in nuclear emulsions. In a minimum bias sample of 1311 interac- tions, 5260 helium nuclei and 2622 heavy fragments were observed as Au projec- tile fragments. The experimental data are analyzed with particular emphasis of target separation interactions in emulsions and study of criticalexponents. Multiplicity distributions of the fast-moving projectile fragments are inves- tigated. Charged fragment moments, conditional moments as well as two and three -body asymmetries of the fast moving projectile particles are determined in terms of the total charge remaining bound in the multiply charged projectile fragments. Some differences in the average yields of helium nuclei and heavier fragments are observed, which may be attributed to a target effect. However, two and three-body asymmetries and conditional moments indicate that the breakup mechanism of the projectile seems to be independent of target mass. We looked for evidence of critical point observable in finite nuclei by study the resulting charged fragments distributions. We have obtained the values for the critical exponents gamma, beta and tau and compare our results with those at lower energy experiment (1.0A GeV data). The values suggest that a phase transition like behavior, is observed.Comment: latex, revtex, 28 pages, 12 figures, 3tables, submitted to Europysics Journal

Перспективы использования искусственного интеллекта для принятия стратегических решений

The article is devoted to the analysis of the prospects for the use of artificial intelligence in the process of making strategic decisions. How and what decisions is artificial intelligence capable of making, what opportunities are opened up thanks to its use, what are the limitations and negative consequences of using artifi cial intelligence, how to use artificial intelligence technologies to achieve the results that a person needs, is coop eration between humans and artificial intelligence possible? These are the main questions that the authors an swer in this article.Статья посвящена анализу перспектив использования искусственного интеллекта в процессе принятия стратегических решений. Как и какие решения способен принимать искусствен ный интеллект, какие возможности открываются, благодаря его использованию, каковы ограничения и негативные последствия применения искусственного интеллекта, как применять технологии ис кусственного интеллекта для достижения нужных человеку результатов, возможно ли сотрудниче ство между человеком и искусственным интеллектом? Это основные вопросы, на которые авторы отвечают в данной статье

The Internet of Things Market in Russia: Key Trends

The Russian Internet of things market is in its infancy. The Internet of Things, along with other technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, "Big data", has a unique potential that can cause significant changes in the world. This study aims to identify positive factors and barriers of industrial and consumer IoT in Russia

Cross-cultural competence of personnel as one of the key success factors of a multinational company in globalization

As the globalization process is gaining its influence and novel technologies are rapidly developing, the very nature of modern organizations is becoming more dynamic, innovative and eager to cooperate on the international level. Nowadays intercultural communications become a crucial element of progressive companies' activities. These activities inevitably lead to a range of cross-cultural issues due to differences in behavior, mindset and values of those coming from different cultural backgrounds. Under the circumstances of international business, cultural differences sprout misunderstanding and confusion, which eventually leads to poorer performance of an organization as a whole. Therefore, cross-cultural competence in international business environment becomes as vital as the professional one. The goal of the present work is to investigate the influence of cross-cultural competence on personal performance of employees in multinational companies. Copyright © 2018 International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA)

Влияние сбалансированной системы показателей на повышение конкурентоспособности университета

Increased competition in the national and global markets for educational services leads to the need to find ways to strengthen the position of universities. The use of new management technologies in universi ty management, in particular, a balanced scorecard, improves management efficiency and, as a result, enhances the university’s competitiveness.Усиление конкуренции на национальном и мировом рынках образовательных услуг приводит к необходимости поиска путей укрепления позиций университетов. Использование в управ лении вузом новых управленческих технологий, в частности, сбалансированной системы показателей, способствует повышению эффективности управления и, как следствие, повышению конкурентоспо собности университета

Трансформация бизнес-моделей в экономике совместного потребления

The article analyzes the existing business models of the sharing economy. The enormous opportunities that the development of digital technologies provides to humanity include, among other things, the creation of new business models for building deeper relationships with customers and increasing revenues. Joint consumption, a product as a service, a closed production cycle allow us to satisfy the needs of each client, taking into account the “fine-tuning” of the proposal for his personal preferences. These changes have the potential to increase sales and increase revenue stream, reduce costs, as well as more predictable revenue streams, which leads to an increase in the overall profitability of companies.В статье проведен анализ существующих бизнес-моделей экономики совместного потребления. Огромные возможности, которые развитие цифровых технологий обеспечивает чело вечеству, заключаются в том числе и в создании новых бизнес-моделей для построения более глубоких отношений с клиентами и увеличения доходов. Совместное потребление, продукт как услуга, замкну тый цикл производства позволяют удовлетворять потребности каждого клиента с учетом «тонкой» настройки предложения под его личные предпочтения. Эти изменения обладают потенциалом роста продаж и повышения потока доходов, сокращения затрат, а также более предсказуемыми потоками доходов, что приводит к повышению общей прибыльности компаний

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА ПРИ РАЗРАБОТКЕ СТРАТЕГИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ШЕСТОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УКЛАДА

The total digitalization of the economy and society will inevitably lead to significant changes in the system of management of the organization, including strategy management. The use of artificial intelligence systems and robotics carries with it both tremendous opportunities and threats of the disappearance of certain jobs. The paper is dedicated to the usage of artificial intelligence in the strategy development and taking strategic decisions.Тотальная цифровизация экономики и общества неизбежно приведет к значительным изменениям в системе управления организацией, в том числе и в стратегическом менеджменте. Применение систем искусственного интеллекта и робототехники несет в себе как колоссальные возможности, так и угрозы исчезновения некоторых профессий. В статье рассматриваются особенности использования искусственного интеллекта при разработке стратегии и принятии стратегических решений

Value of early diagnosis of diseases of the urinary system at newborns and children of the first months of life

Relevance. The number of children of early age with congenital urological pathology, in particular obstructive uropathy, steadily grows and is registered at 5–14% of newborns. The aim of research: to improve results of treatment of children with urological pathology by improvement of diagnostics and optimization of terms surgical treatment. Patients and methods. On the basis of department of children’s surgery of the Tyumen State Medical University the analysis of results of treatment of 117 children with obstructive uropathy (boys-75 (64%), girls - 42 is carried out (36%). Patients were divided into two groups. The first group made 44 (38%) the child at which pathology of an urinary system was revealed after the birth, already at accession of complications (temperature increase of a body, a leukocyturia and a gematuriya, pains in lumbar area). Age range of these patients made from 1 to 15 years. The second group - 73 (62%) newborns. Pathology at them was revealed in antenatal perid by means of a ultrasound sonography. Treatment to these patients was carried out from the first days of life. Results. Early detection of this pathology and timely surgery before emergence and accession of a secondary infection of an urinary system improved results of treatment of these patients, having reduced quantity of complications from 28.3% to 1,4%. Conclusion. Early detection of this pathology created prerequisites for early surgery before emergence and accession of a secondary infection of an urinary system. This circumstance is decisive in prevention of postoperative complications, and also the satisfactory immediate and remote results of treatment