3 research outputs found
Mussel-Inspired Hybrid Coatings that Transform Membrane Hydrophobicity into High Hydrophilicity and Underwater Superoleophobicity for Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation
We first report here mussel-inspired,
hybrid coatings formed in a facile manner via simultaneous polymerization
of mussel-inspired dopamine and hydrolysis of commercial tetraethoxysilane
in a single-step process. The hybrid coatings can firmly adhered on
hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) substrate, and the hydrophilicity
of the coating can be tuned by adjusting silane concentration. The
reason for the changed hydrophilicity of the coating is disclosed
by a series of characterization, and was applied to rationally design
optimized hybrid coatings that transform commercial PVDF microfiltration
(MF) membrane hydrophobicity into high hydrophilicity with excellent
water permeability and underwater superoleophobicity for oil-in-water
emulsion separation. The PVDF MF membrane decorated with optimized
coatings has ultrahigh water flux (8606 L m<sup>–2</sup> h<sup>–1</sup> only under 0.9 bar, which is 34 times higher than
that of pristine membrane), highly efficient oil-in-water emulsion
separation ability at atmospheric pressure (filtrate flux of 140 L
m<sup>–2</sup> h<sup>–1</sup>) and excellent antifouling
performance. More importantly, these membranes are extremely stable
as underwater superoleophobicity are maintained, even after rigorous
washings or cryogenic bending, disclosing outstanding stability. The
simplicity and versatility of this novel mussel-inspired one-step
strategy may bridge the material-induced technology gap between academia
and industry, which makes it promising for eco-friendly applications
Tailoring Physical Aging in Super Glassy Polymers with Functionalized Porous Aromatic Frameworks for CO<sub>2</sub> Capture
A series of chemically functionalized
porous aromatic frameworks
(PAFs) have been synthesized and deployed within mixed-matrix membranes
for gas separation. This series of PAFs delivered for the first time
simultaneous control of selective gas transport and physical aging
within the membranes. New composites including native and metalated
fullerenes were also prepared, and the composites exhibited exceptional
increases in their porosity, which in turn resulted in ultrafast gas
transport. CO<sub>2</sub> permeability following PAF-1-Li<sub>6</sub>C<sub>60</sub> infusion within polyÂ(trimethylsilylpropyne) was as
high as 50 600 Barrer, a 70% improvement. Remarkably, just
9% of this permeation rate diminished after 1 year of physical aging,
compared to 74% in the native polymer. A series of characterization
techniques revealed this phenomenon to be due to intercalation of
polymer chains within the PAF pores, the strength of which is controlled
by the levels of chemical functionalization and porosity. The membranes
were exploited for gas separations, in particular the stripping of
CO<sub>2</sub> from natural gas
Post-Synthetic Annealing: Linker Self-Exchange in UiO-66 and Its Effect on Polymer–Metal Organic Framework Interaction
Post-synthetic
exchange (PSE) and defect engineering have emerged
as powerful techniques for tuning the properties and introducing novel
functionality to metal organic frameworks (MOFs). Growing evidence
suggests that each technique plays a key role in the mechanism of
the other: linker coordination chemistry is pivotal to defective frameworks,
while defect sites can help initiate PSE. Here, the intersection of
these approaches is explored by exchanging an MOF with linkers already
present within the framework. Post-synthetic annealing (PSA) modifies
an MOF’s properties by redistributing the framework’s
mixture of bound linker/modulator species. Using changes to the polymer-additive
interactions in poly-1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne nanocomposites observed
through aging, we demonstrate that PSA causes one linker species to
preferentially accumulate on the MOF’s crystal surface. Reaction
conditions are shown to affect molecular composition of the resulting
annealed UiO-66 MOFs, a finding explained through established reaction
constants. This work simultaneously reveals intricacies of post-synthetic
modification chemistry and presents a facile means of tuning MOFs
and MOF nanocomposites