79 research outputs found
ΠΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π΄ΠΆΠΈΡ Π°Π΄Π°
The paper focuses on the ethical dimension of Jihad. Nowadays is common to put Jihad equal to terrorism. This paper tries to clear up what βJihadβ means, to trace its history and to define it in current terms. Author states that Jihad is not a war against Christians, Europe and the whole world to conquer all of them. Jihad is a number of ethical rules that should be scrutinized. Jihad being one of the most disputable terms in Islam that deserves to be clarified.Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΒΡΡ Π΄ΠΆΠΈΡ
Π°Π΄Π°. ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
. ΠΠΊΒΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Β«Π΄ΠΆΠΈΡ
Π°Π΄Β» ΠΈ Β«ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΒΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΒ», ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ
ΠΠΠΠ£ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π Π₯Π ΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ‘Π’Π’Π ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ’Π
A comparative study of cellular immunity parameters was performed in patients with long bone chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis in regard to osteomyelitis stages. Thirty patients with the fistulous form of long bone chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis and 13 patients with long bone chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis in the remission stage were examined using laser flow citometry. It was revealed that a moderate leukocytosis, increased monocyte and neutrophile absolute number as well as increased CD25 and HLA-DR-positive T-lymphocyte number are typical for chronic osteomyelitis regardless of the pathological process stages. The remission stage in patients with chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis is accompanied by moderate activation of humoral immunity (increased B-lymphocyte (CD19+) number and increased production of IgG). The decrease in the peripheral blood lymphocyte number and well as reduction of HLA-DR expression on monocytes creates prerequisites for the development of fistulous osteomyelitis form and can be an indication for administering the preparations of immunomodulating action.ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ½ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 30 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ 13 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ°, Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° CD25 ΠΈ HLA-DR - ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π’-Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ². Π‘ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π³ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° (ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π-Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² (CD19+) ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ IgG). Π‘Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ HLA-DR Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠ¦ΠΠ‘Π‘ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ
Investigation of mathematical models and problems of optimum industrial process has been carried out with the help of operational calculus theory, impulse function theory, set theory, time-tables, combinatory optimization. Analytical expressions describing discontinuous industrial process have been obtained and their geometrical interpretation is also given in the paper.Π‘ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ², ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²
To analyze the synchronization of machine-building production processes, a statistical approach is used on the correctness of the choice of parameters. The accuracy of the parameters is achieved by modeling. This method allows checking how correctly the parameters are selected and whether they ensure uninterrupted operation of production. Statistical analysis of parameters gives information on failures in a particular production unit, on violations of the synchronization of production processes, technological processes. With the help of statistical characteristics, it is possible to evaluate production as a whole. Statistical multidimensional analysis of complex production data allows to analyze the work of individual units, production blocks. The cluster analysis has been carried out by the method of K-medium production process with minimization of the total error probability. A geometric interpretation of the results of cluster analysis of production processes is given in the paper. The influence ofΒ factors on the work of production has been determined in the paper. The index factorial method with Β a different comparison base and different weights has been applied. The hypothesis about the adequacy of the model of production processes has been tested. A statistical analysis of the complex data of the production process has been carried out Β in the search for optimal solutions in the case of uncertainty and in conditions of risk using the following methods: Bayes, Laplace and Germeyer using the simplex method. The network methods of decision-making have been used in the paper. Β Statistical methodsΒ with the help of mathematical modeling have substantiated the optimal sizes of both individual parts Β and volumes of local warehouses, so that there were no delays in the transfer of production processes, disruptions in work, downtime of working equipment. In this case, the criterion for the optimality of production volumes can be the minimum Β of total losses from idle time of individual units and production blocks to the possibility of disruption of the synchronous Β process modes due to lack of equipment (arising production pockets) or due to long-used outdated units.ΠΠ»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ². Π’ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ, Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΡ
Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ·Π»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ². Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ. Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ K-ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π½Π° Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠ° Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ ΠΎΠ± Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ΅ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Β ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π½Π΅Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡ
Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠΎΠ²
PHOTOTUNABLE SELECTIVE REFLECTION OF CHOLESTERIC LIQUID CRYSTALS
The dependence of the helical pitch of a cholesteric liquid crystal based on a composite photosensitive chiral dopant (cChD) on the intensity of light irradiation was studied. The transmission spectra and the selective reflection spectra of cholesteric liquid crystal cells were measured. The concentration of the cChD additive is calculated, so that the peak of selective reflection and its rearrangement occurs in the visible range of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum (380-780 nm). The possibility of photo-control by shifting the peak of the selective reflection of the cChD additive was studied, when exposed to LEDs with wavelengths of 365 nm and 450 nm, while reducing or increasing the intensity, a change in the spiral pitch was observed. Depending on the light intensity, part of the molecules of the chiral additive containing the azo group underwent isomerization, i.e. molecules in the trans-form passed to the cis-form, which led to a spectral shift of the selective reflection peak. If a small intensity of the 365 nm LED was applied, then some of the molecules were forced to transition from the trans- to the cis-form, and then, when illuminated with a 450 nm LED, from the cisto the trans-form. After reversible rearrangement, the properties of cholesteric liquid crystal changes due to interaction with light, because under the influence of light, the equilibrium ratio of the trans- and cis-isomers of the molecules of the substance changed, which macroscopically changed the torsion force of the chiral additive. Using two LEDs of 365 nm and 450 nm with different emission spectra, a reversible control of the cChD selective reflection peak in the visible range was obtained. The maximum displacement occurred at approximately 145 nm.The dependence of the helical pitch of a cholesteric liquid crystal based on a composite photosensitive chiral dopant (cChD) on the intensity of light irradiation was studied. The transmission spectra and the selective reflection spectra of cholesteric liquid crystal cells were measured. The concentration of the cChD additive is calculated, so that the peak of selective reflection and its rearrangement occurs in the visible range of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum (380-780 nm). The possibility of photo-control by shifting the peak of the selective reflection of the cChD additive was studied, when exposed to LEDs with wavelengths of 365 nm and 450 nm, while reducing or increasing the intensity, a change in the spiral pitch was observed. Depending on the light intensity, part of the molecules of the chiral additive containing the azo group underwent isomerization, i.e. molecules in the trans-form passed to the cis-form, which led to a spectral shift of the selective reflection peak. If a small intensity of the 365 nm LED was applied, then some of the molecules were forced to transition from the trans- to the cis-form, and then, when illuminated with a 450 nm LED, from the cisto the trans-form. After reversible rearrangement, the properties of cholesteric liquid crystal changes due to interaction with light, because under the influence of light, the equilibrium ratio of the trans- and cis-isomers of the molecules of the substance changed, which macroscopically changed the torsion force of the chiral additive. Using two LEDs of 365 nm and 450 nm with different emission spectra, a reversible control of the cChD selective reflection peak in the visible range was obtained. The maximum displacement occurred at approximately 145 nm
Use of chemical markers in antartic ecosystem studies of Demaria mount
Research is devoted to using chemical markers for studying and description of ecosystems. Photosynthetic
pigments β carotenoids and chlorophylls, and soil polymers β humic, fulvic acids and their salts, were used as
chemical markers. Correlations between concentrations of these markers in samples and parameters of βtotal
nitrogenβ and ash were studied. Complex chemical analysis for nine samples collected on a Demaria hill in
the altitude range from 47 m to 408 m above see level was carried. It was concluded that in meager antarcticlike
ecosystems the content of carotenoids and chlorophylls adequately reflects the quantity of a whole
phytomass and of biomass. Total content humic and fulvic acids can be used to estimate quantity of organic
substances in soils. Comparison of photosynthetic pigment concentrations with βtotal nitrogenβ parameter
allows to separate biogenic phytomass nitrogen and animal waste products
ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ― ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠ€Π€ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ Π’Π ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ Π’ΠΠ«Π₯ ΠΠΠ¨ΠΠ
The paper shows that cost effectiveness and profitability are considered as a general economic characteristic that reflects a final efficiency of an enterprise operation and its output products. The main index of cost effectiveness level is a ratio of a general profit amount to productive assets. Cost effectiveness of transport machinery manufacturing is presented as a relative index of business profitability level. Algorithms for calculation of main economic efficiency pertaining to transport machinery have been developed in the paper.Π Π΅Π½ΡΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌ. Π Π΅Π½ΡΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠ°. Π‘ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½
The statistical stability of consensus independent component analysis for RNA-SEQ data in cancer research
Independent component analysis (ICA) became a part of the standard machine learning pipeline for genomics data
analysis. The approach allows to correct technical biases and batch eο¬ects in transcriptomics datasets. Separated
signals are successfully used to characterize biological functions, their weights might be used for diagnostics
(cancer subtypes classiο¬cation) and prognostics (survival prediction). Using weights of independent components as
features for downstream analysis requires high reproducibility of decomposition. Here we investigated the stability
of extracted components depending on ICA parameters and validated the optimal number of parallel consensus
ICA runs that provided reproducible deconvolution. Also, we estimated the eο¬ect of parallel runs on the quality
of lung cancer type classiο¬cation (LUSC/LUAD) and gene enrichment analysis results. Finally, we estimated the
boundary values for the number of components that allows detecting biologically relevant signals in smaller patient
cohorts
A mathematical model for estimating and forecasting the state of a digital substation based on the wavelet transform method
The article the possibility of applying the wavelet transform method in combination with a neural-fuzzy approach to solving problems of forecasting the state of digital substations is considered. The optimum level of the wavelet expansion of the time series corresponding to the change in the phase voltage for the day on the basis of the Hurst index is determined. The influence of the sample size and the type of the mother wavelet on the Hurst index is researched. It was revealed, that for wavelet decomposition, the use of the Daubechy wavelet as the mother wavelet is effective, which provides a smoother filtering of noise, compared to the Haar wavelet. Analysis of the original series does not allow to evaluate the optimal level of wavelet expansion if the noise level of the time series under consideration is low (less than 10%), since the Hurst index remains unchanged. However, using the logarithm of changing the time series allows for small fluctuations to be taken into account, which allows to determine the optimal level of the wavelet expansion for their smoothing
Stability of stochastic dynamic systems of a random structure with Markov switching in the presence of concentration points
This article aims to investigate sufficient conditions for the stability of the trivial solution of stochastic differential equations with a random structure, particularly in contexts involving the presence of concentration points. The proof of asymptotic stability leverages the use of Lyapunov functions, supplemented by additional constraints on the magnitudes of jumps and jump times, as well as the Markov property of the system solutions. The findings are elucidated with an example, demonstrating both stable and unstable conditions of the system. The novelty of this work is in the consideration of jump concentration points, which are not considered in classical works. The assumption of the existence of concentration points leads to additional constraints on jumps, jump times and relations between them
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