Additional file 1: of Mortality effects of heat waves vary by age and area: a multi-area study in China

Table S1. Introduction of Chinese Air Pollution Index (API). Table S2. Heat wave definitions with different metric, threshold and duration in this study. Table S3. Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) values for models examining HWII–mortality relationships over lag 0–3 days by 16 heat wave definitions in the studied areas during 2007–2012. The values in orange are the minimum AICs in each area. Table S4. Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) values for models examining HWII–mortality relationships over lag 0–3 days by different degrees of freedom (df) for HWII and days for lag in the studied areas during 2007–2012. The values in orange are the minimum AICs in each area. Figure S1. Include API (a), maximum temperature (b) and minimum temperature (c) separately in the HWII–mortality models for different age groups in the studied areas over lag 0–3 days, the shaded areas represent 95% confidence intervals. Figure S2. Monthly averages of both API and HWII from 2007–2012 in the studied areas. Figure S3. The HWII–mortality relationships for different age groups in the studied areas over lag 0–5 days (a), 0–7 days (b) and 0–10 days (c), the shaded areas represent 95% confidence intervals (DOC 23835 kb)

Pressure distributions of the brain in the 400g TNT blast wave-head simulations of all blast orientations.

<p>Pressure distributions of the brain in the 400g TNT blast wave-head simulations of all blast orientations.</p

von-Mises stress time histories of the gauge points No. 6 (frontal cortex), No. 14 (occipital cortex), No. 22 (right temporal cortex), and No. 23 (left temporal cortex) for the 450 g TNT blast-head simulation cases: (a) Anterior blast orientation, (b) Right lateral blast orientation, (c) Posterior blast orientation.

<p>von-Mises stress time histories of the gauge points No. 6 (frontal cortex), No. 14 (occipital cortex), No. 22 (right temporal cortex), and No. 23 (left temporal cortex) for the 450 g TNT blast-head simulation cases: (a) Anterior blast orientation, (b) Right lateral blast orientation, (c) Posterior blast orientation.</p

Three scenarios of blast wave-head interactions according to the three exposure orientations of the FE head model to horizontal blast wave: anterior, posterior, and right lateral.

<p>Three scenarios of blast wave-head interactions according to the three exposure orientations of the FE head model to horizontal blast wave: anterior, posterior, and right lateral.</p

von-Mises stress time-histories of gauge No. 19 at lower brainstem and the associated von-Mises stress distributions showing peak von-Mises stresses in the 450 g TNT blast-head simulation cases: left - anterior orientation (2.45 ms), middle - right lateral orientation (1.85 ms), right - posterior orientation (3.43 ms).

<p>von-Mises stress time-histories of gauge No. 19 at lower brainstem and the associated von-Mises stress distributions showing peak von-Mises stresses in the 450 g TNT blast-head simulation cases: left - anterior orientation (2.45 ms), middle - right lateral orientation (1.85 ms), right - posterior orientation (3.43 ms).</p

Finite element head model showing (a) progressively more internal anatomical layers from left to right (b) Locations of gauges.

<p>Finite element head model showing (a) progressively more internal anatomical layers from left to right (b) Locations of gauges.</p

Pressure time histories of the anterior blast-head simulations: (a) impinging blast waves (b) frontal cortex (c) posterior margin of the tentorium cerebelli (d) lower brainstem.

<p>Pressure time histories of the anterior blast-head simulations: (a) impinging blast waves (b) frontal cortex (c) posterior margin of the tentorium cerebelli (d) lower brainstem.</p

fritters

frittersThe blubber fritters are afterwards boiled in metal cauldrons, to obtain the remaining oil from them. (seal blubber)PRINTED ITEMNot usedNot usedWithdraw

Predicted contusion injury severities at typical cerebral sites with respect to impinging BOPs for the anterior blast scenario.

<p>Predicted contusion injury severities at typical cerebral sites with respect to impinging BOPs for the anterior blast scenario.</p

Constitutive Laws and Associated Material Constants of FE Head Model.

<p>Constitutive Laws and Associated Material Constants of FE Head Model.</p