China’s Financial System: Opportunities and Challenges

We provide a comprehensive review of China’s financial system, and explore directions of future development. First, the financial system has been dominated by a large banking sector. In recent years banks have made considerable progress in reducing the amount of non-performing loans and improving their efficiency. Second, the role of the stock market in allocating resources in the economy has been limited and ineffective. We discuss issues related to the further development of China’s stock market and other financial markets. Third, the most successful part of the financial system, in terms of supporting the growth of the overall economy, is a non-standard sector that consists of alternative financing channels, governance mechanisms, and institutions. The co-existence of this sector with banks and markets can continue to support the growth of the Hybrid Sector (non-state, non-listed firms). Finally, among the policies that will help to sustain stable economic growth in China are those that reduce the likelihood of damaging financial crises, including a banking sector crisis, a real estate or stock market crash, and a “twin crisis” in the currency market and banking sector.

data4babs_fmriprepOutputs_singleSes

This component was built from a DataLad dataset using the datalad-osf extension (https://github.com/datalad/datalad-osf). With this extension installed, this component can be git or datalad cloned from a 'osf://ID' URL, where 'ID' is the OSF node ID that shown in the OSF HTTP URL, e.g. https://osf.io/q8xnk can be cloned from osf://q8xnk. This particular project can be cloned using 'datalad clone osf://2jvub

data4babs_fmriprepOutputs_multiSes

This component was built from a DataLad dataset using the datalad-osf extension (https://github.com/datalad/datalad-osf). With this extension installed, this component can be git or datalad cloned from a 'osf://ID' URL, where 'ID' is the OSF node ID that shown in the OSF HTTP URL, e.g. https://osf.io/q8xnk can be cloned from osf://q8xnk. This particular project can be cloned using 'datalad clone osf://k9zw2

data4babs_qsiprepOutputs_multiSes

This component was built from a DataLad dataset using the datalad-osf extension (https://github.com/datalad/datalad-osf). With this extension installed, this component can be git or datalad cloned from a 'osf://ID' URL, where 'ID' is the OSF node ID that shown in the OSF HTTP URL, e.g. https://osf.io/q8xnk can be cloned from osf://q8xnk. This particular project can be cloned using 'datalad clone osf://d3js6

data4babs_qsiprepOutputs_singleSes

This component was built from a DataLad dataset using the datalad-osf extension (https://github.com/datalad/datalad-osf). With this extension installed, this component can be git or datalad cloned from a 'osf://ID' URL, where 'ID' is the OSF node ID that shown in the OSF HTTP URL, e.g. https://osf.io/q8xnk can be cloned from osf://q8xnk. This particular project can be cloned using 'datalad clone osf://8t9sf

ModelArray_demo

Here we provide demo fixel data for ModelArray R package (https://pennlinc.github.io/ModelArray/)

MultiHiertt: Numerical Reasoning over Multi Hierarchical Tabular and Textual Data

Numerical reasoning over hybrid data containing both textual and tabular content (e.g., financial reports) has recently attracted much attention in the NLP community. However, existing question answering (QA) benchmarks over hybrid data only include a single flat table in each document and thus lack examples of multi-step numerical reasoning across multiple hierarchical tables. To facilitate data analytical progress, we construct a new large-scale benchmark, MultiHiertt, with QA pairs over Multi Hierarchical Tabular and Textual data. MultiHiertt is built from a wealth of financial reports and has the following unique characteristics: 1) each document contain multiple tables and longer unstructured texts; 2) most of tables contained are hierarchical; 3) the reasoning process required for each question is more complex and challenging than existing benchmarks; and 4) fine-grained annotations of reasoning processes and supporting facts are provided to reveal complex numerical reasoning. We further introduce a novel QA model termed MT2Net, which first applies facts retrieving to extract relevant supporting facts from both tables and text and then uses a reasoning module to perform symbolic reasoning over retrieved facts. We conduct comprehensive experiments on various baselines. The experimental results show that MultiHiertt presents a strong challenge for existing baselines whose results lag far behind the performance of human experts. The dataset and code are publicly available at https://github.com/psunlpgroup/MultiHiertt

Pd-doped organosilica membrane with enhanced gas permeability and hydrothermal stability for gas separation

A Pd-doped organosilica membrane based on bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane is successfully developed by the polymeric sol–gel method. Its microstructure, chemical composition, and separation performance are compared with those of the undoped organosilica membrane. Gas adsorption analysis indicates that the Pd-doped organosilica membrane has larger micropores compared with the undoped organosilica membrane. The gas permeation results show that the Pd-doped organosilica membrane has much higher gas permeances than the undoped organosilica membrane due to the enlarged micropores after Pd-doping. The Pd-doped organosilica membrane also exhibits a significantly improved hydrothermal stability. The enhanced hydrothermal stability can be explained by the mechanism that Pd particles act as inhibitors and prevent the formation of mobile silica groups (e.g., Si–OH) under steam condition. Metal-doping (e.g., Pd-doping in this work) may offer a new approach to develop high performance membranes with enhanced gas permeances and hydrothermal stabilities in gas separation applications.12 page(s