Wing base of Sialidae (Megaloptera).

<p>(A) <i>Sialis sibirica</i> McLachlan, forewing base; (B) same, hindwing base.</p

Wing base of Neuroptera.

<p>(A) <i>Paraglenurus japonicas</i> (Mclachlan) (Myrmeleontidae), forewing base; (B) same, hindwing base; (C) <i>Heterosmylus wolonganus</i> Yang (Osmylidae), forewing base; (D) same, hindwing base.</p

Wing base of Corydalidae (Megaloptera).

<p>(A) <i>Protohermes costalis</i> Walker (Corydalinae), forewing base; (B) same, hindwing base; (C) <i>Neochauliodes punctatolosus</i> Liu & Yang (Chauliodinae), forewing base; (D) same, hindwing base. Number of morphological character: character state for phylogenetic analysis is indicated by straight line for relevant position.</p

Morphological variations of 1Ax among Neuropterida families.

<p>(A) <i>Protohermes costalis</i> (Walker) (Corydalinae); (B) <i>Neochauliodes punctatolosus</i> Liu & Yang (Chauliodinae); (C) <i>Sialis sibirica</i> McLachlan (Sialidae); (D) <i>Paraglenurus japonicas</i> (McLachlan) (Myrmeleontidae); (E) <i>Heterosmylus wolonganus</i> Yang (Osmylidae); (F) <i>Eumantispa harmandi</i> (Navás) (Mantispidae); (G) <i>Chrysoperla</i> sp. (Chrysopidae); (H) <i>Semidalis aleyrodiformis</i> (Stephens) (Coniopterygidae); (I) <i>Sulphalasca</i> sp. (Ascalaphidae); (J) <i>Dilar hastatus</i> Zhang, Liu, Aspöck & Aspöck (Dilaridae); (K) <i>Nipponeurorthus fuscinervis</i> Nakahara (Nevrorthidae); (L) <i>Hemerobius</i> sp. (Hemerobiidae); (M) <i>Inocellia fujiana</i> Yang (Inocelliidae); (N) <i>Xanthostigma gobicola</i> Aspöck & Aspöck (Raphidiidae); (O) <i>Tenthredo</i> sp. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae); (P) <i>Taeniostigminae</i> sp. (Psocoptera: Amphipsocidae).</p

Wing base of Hymenoptera.

<p>(A) <i>Tenthredo</i> sp. (Tenthredinidae), forewing base; (B) same, hindwing base. Wing base of Psocoptera. (C) <i>Taeniostigminae</i> sp. (Amphipsocidae), forewing base; (D) same, hindwing base.</p

Wing base of Neuroptera.

<p>(A) <i>Eumantispa harmandi</i> (Navás) (Mantispidae), forewing base; (B) same, hindwing base; (C) <i>Chrysoperla</i> sp. (Chrysopidae), forewing base; (D) same, hindwing base.</p