38 research outputs found
Book review: Zoning China: online video, popular culture and the state by Luzhou Li
In Zoning China: Online Video, Popular Culture and the State, Luzhou Li examines ‘cultural zoning’ in contemporary China to consider why government regulation of online video is much more lenient than the regulation of broadcast television. This timely and insightful analysis provides a critical lens both for understanding Chinese cultural industries as an integral part of the expanding globalised capitalist economy and transcending oversimplified Western-centric discourses imposed on the complexity of media in China, finds Chenhao Ye
Simultaneous Beam Training and Target Sensing in ISAC Systems with RIS
This paper investigates an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system
with reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Our simultaneous beam training
and target sensing (SBTTS) scheme enables the base station to perform beam
training with the user terminals (UTs) and the RIS, and simultaneously to sense
the targets. Based on our findings, the energy of the echoes from the RIS is
accumulated in the angle-delay domain while that from the targets is
accumulated in the Doppler-delay domain. The SBTTS scheme can distinguish the
RIS from the targets with the mixed echoes from the RIS and the targets. Then
we propose a positioning and array orientation estimation (PAOE) scheme for
both the line-of-sight channels and the non-line-of-sight channels based on the
beam training results of SBTTS by developing a low-complexity two-dimensional
fast search algorithm. Based on the SBTTS and PAOE schemes, we further compute
the angle-of-arrival and angle-of-departure for the channels between the RIS
and the UTs by exploiting the geometry relationship to accomplish the beam
alignment of the ISAC system. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of
the proposed schemes
Beam Training and Tracking for Extremely Large-Scale MIMO Communications
In this paper, beam training and beam tracking are investigated for extremely
large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output communication systems with
partially-connected hybrid combining structures. Firstly, we propose a
two-stage hybrid-field beam training scheme for both the near field and the far
field. In the first stage, each subarray independently uses multiple far-field
channel steering vectors to approximate near-field ones for analog combining.
To find the codeword best fitting for the channel, digital combiners in the
second stage are designed to combine the outputs of the analog combiners from
the first stage. Then, based on the principle of stationary phase and the
time-frequency duality, the expressions of subarray signals after analog
combining are analytically derived and a beam refinement based on phase shifts
of subarrays~(BRPSS) scheme with closed-form solutions is proposed for
high-resolution channel parameter estimation. Moreover, a low-complexity
near-field beam tracking scheme is developed, where the kinematic model is
adopted to characterize the channel variations and the extended Kalman filter
is exploited for beam tracking. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of
the proposed schemes
Key Issues in Wireless Transmission for NTN-Assisted Internet of Things
Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) have become appealing resolutions for
seamless coverage in the next-generation wireless transmission, where a large
number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices diversely distributed can be
efficiently served. The explosively growing number of IoT devices brings a new
challenge for massive connection. The long-distance wireless signal propagation
in NTNs leads to severe path loss and large latency, where the accurate
acquisition of channel state information (CSI) is another challenge, especially
for fast-moving non-terrestrial base stations (NTBSs). Moreover, the scarcity
of on-board resources of NTBSs is also a challenge for resource allocation. To
this end, we investigate three key issues, where the existing schemes and
emerging resolutions for these three key issues have been comprehensively
presented. The first issue is to enable the massive connection by designing
random access to establish the wireless link and multiple access to transmit
data streams. The second issue is to accurately acquire CSI in various channel
conditions by channel estimation and beam training, where orthogonal time
frequency space modulation and dynamic codebooks are on focus. The third issue
is to efficiently allocate the wireless resources, including power allocation,
spectrum sharing, beam hopping, and beamforming. At the end of this article,
some future research topics are identified.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Identification and validation of NAD+ metabolism-related biomarkers in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy
BackgroundThe mechanism of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism-related genes (NMRGs) in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is unclear. This study aimed to find new NMRGs biomarkers in DPN.MethodsDPN related datasets GSE95849 and GSE185011 were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. 51 NMRGs were collected from a previous article. To explore NMRGs expression in DPN and control samples, differential expression analysis was completed in GSE95849 to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the intersection of DEGs and NMRGs was regarded as DE-NMRGs. Next, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network based on DE-NMRGs was constructed and biomarkers were screened by eight algorithms. Additionally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) enrichment analysis was completed, biomarker-based column line graphs were constructed, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and competing endogenouse (ce) RNA networks were constructed, and drug prediction was completed. Finally, biomarkers expression validation was completed in GSE95849 and GSE185011.Results5217 DEGs were obtained from GSE95849 and 21 overlapping genes of DEGs and NMRGs were DE-NMRGs. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that DE-NMRGs were associated with glycosyl compound metabolic process. The PPI network contained 93 protein-interaction pairs and 21 nodes, with strong interactions between NMNAT1 and NAMPT, NADK and NMNAT3, ENPP3 and NUDT12 as biomarkers based on 8 algorithms. Expression validation suggested that ENPP3 and NUDT12 were upregulated in DPN samples (P < 0.05). Moreover, an alignment diagram with good diagnostic efficacy based on ENPP3 and NUDT12 were identified was constructed. GSEA suggested that ENPP3 was enriched in Toll like receptor (TLR) pathway, NUDT12 was enriched in maturity onset diabetes of the young and insulin pathway. Furthermore, 18 potential miRNAs and 36 Transcription factors (TFs) were predicted and the miRNA-mRNA-TF networks were constructed, suggesting that ENPP3 might regulate hsa-miR-34a-5p by affecting MYNN. The ceRNA network suggested that XLOC_013024 might regulate hsa-let-7b-5p by affecting NUDT12. 15 drugs were predicted, with 8 drugs affecting NUDT12 such as resveratrol, and 13 drugs affecting ENPP3 such as troglitazone.ConclusionENPP3 and NUDT12 might play key roles in DPN, which provides reference for further research on DPN