3 research outputs found
DataSheet_1_Systemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers (SII, NLR, PLR and LMR) linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk.docx
BackgroundSystemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers including systemic immune inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) have been demonstrated to be associated with the risk and severity of various liver diseases. However, studies on their role and clinical significance in metabolic diseases, especially in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are limited and results are inconsistent.Methods10821 adults aged 20 years or older were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, sourced from six cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Survey-weighted logistic regression was employed to investigate the correlation between systemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers (SII, NLR, PLR, and LMR) and NAFLD risk. Restricted cubic spline regression models and segmented regression models were used to describe nonlinear relationships and threshold effects. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also conducted.ResultsAfter adjusting for all confounding variables, there was a significant positive association observed between ln-transformed SII (OR= 1.46, 95% CI: 1.27-1.69, P Conclusionln-transformed SII, NLR, and LMR were linearly associated with NAFLD risk. ln(PLR) showed an inverted “U”-shaped nonlinear dose-response relationship with the risk of NAFLD.</p
Brominated Quaternary Ammonium Salt-Assisted Hybrid Electron Transport Layer for High-Performance Conventional Organic Solar Cells
Interlayer
engineering is crucial for achieving efficient and stable
organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, by introducing a commercialized
brominated quaternary ammonium salt, hexamethonium bromide (HB), into
a perylene diimide (PDI)-structured electron transport layer (ETL),
a PDINN:HB hybrid ETL with enhanced charge collection ability and
environmental/operational stability is realized. Molecular dynamics
simulations and Kelvin probe force microscopy indicate that strong
polar bromine and amine groups can form extra interfacial dipoles
in the hybrid interlayer, while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and
electron paramagnetic resonance suggest the hybrid ETL can interact
with the Ag cathode, thereby regulating the energy level arrangement
at the interface. As for the results, the PDINN:HB hybrid ETL enables
improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 17.8 to 18.4% and
18.8 to 19.4% in PM6:C5-16 bulk heterojunction- and PM6/L8-BO pseudobulk
heterojunction-based OSCs, respectively. The versatility of this method
is further verified by introducing a range of brominated quaternary
ammonium salts into PDINN, in which a superior PCE and stability are
all obtained compared to the reference device
π‑Extended Nonfullerene Acceptor for Compressed Molecular Packing in Organic Solar Cells To Achieve over 20% Efficiency
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) suffer
from a trade-off between efficient
charge transport and suppressed nonradiative recombination due to
the aggregation-induced luminance quenching of organic semiconductors.
To resolve this grand challenge, a π-extended nonfullerene acceptor
(NFA) B6Cl with large voids among the honeycomb network is designed
and introduced into photovoltaic systems. We find that the presence
of a small amount of (i.e., 0.5 or 1 wt %) B6Cl can compress the molecular
packing of the host acceptor L8-BO, leading to shortened π–π
stacking distance from 3.59 to 3.50 Ă… (that will improve charge
transport) together with ordered alkyl chain packing (that will inhibit
nonradiative energy loss due to the suppressed C–C and C–H
bonds vibrations), as validated by high-energy X-ray scattering measurements.
This morphology transformation ultimately results in simultaneously
improved JSC, FF, and VOC of OPVs. As a result, the maximum PCEs of
PM6:L8-BO and D18:L8-BO are increased from 19.1 and 19.3% to 19.8
and 20.2%, respectively, which are among the highest values for single-junction
OPVs. The university of B6Cl to increase the performance of OPVs is
further evidenced in a range of polymer:NFA OPVs