Responses of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to chemical microenvironment of the intervertebral disc

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) may be ideal source of cells for intervertebral disc (IVD) regeneration, but the harsh chemical microenvironment of IVD may significantly influence the biological and metabolic vitality of ADMSCs and impair their repair potential. This study aimed to investigate the viability, proliferation and the expression of main matrix proteins of ADMSCs in the chemical microenvironment of IVD under normal and degeneration conditions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>ADMSCs were harvested from young (aged 8-12 years, n = 6) and mature (aged 33-42 years, n = 6) male donors and cultured under standard condition and IVD-like conditions (low glucose, acidity, high osmolarity, and combined conditions) for 2 weeks. Cell viability was measured by annexin V-FITC and PI staining and cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. The expression of aggrecan and collagen-I was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>IVD-like glucose condition slightly inhibited cell viability, but increased the expression of aggrecan. In contrast, IVD-like osmolarity, acidity and the combined conditions inhibited cell viability and proliferation and the expression of aggrecan and collagen-I. ADMSCs from young and mature donors exhibited similar responses to the chemical microenvironments of IVD.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>IVD-like low glucose is a positive factor but IVD-like high osmolarity and low pH are deleterious factors that affect the survival and biological behaviors of ADMSCs. These findings may promote the translational research of ADMSCs in IVD regeneration for the treatment of low back pain.</p

Mixed comparison of interventions for different exercise types on students with Internet addiction: a network meta-analysis

BackgroundInternet addiction (IA) has a significant negative impact on students. The condition of students with IA can be improved by exercise, which has been identified as an effective intervention strategy. However, the relative effectiveness of different exercise types and the most effective ones remains unknown. This study presents a network meta-analysis to compare six exercise types (team sport, double sport, single sport, team + double sport, team + single sport, and team + double + single sport) based on their effectiveness in reducing Internet addiction and maintaining mental health.MethodsSystematic searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wan Fang, CQVIP, Web of Science, CBM, EBSCO, APA PsycNet, and Scopus, and all relevant studies from the beginning to 15 July 2022 were included on. According to the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 Methodological Quality Evaluation Criteria, the listed studies' bias risk was assessed, while the network meta-analysis was performed using STATA 16.0.ResultsA total of 39 randomized controlled trials that met all inclusion criteria including 2,408 students with IA were examined. The meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group, exercising significantly improved loneliness, anxiety, depression, and interpersonal sensitivity (p &lt; 0.05). Specifically, the network meta-analysis discovered that the single sport, team sport, double sport, team + double sport, and team + double + single sport had significant effects on improving Internet addiction as compared to the respective control group (p &lt; 0.05); the single sport, team sport, and double sport tend to be effective compared with controls in improving mental health (p &lt; 0.05). Compared with the other five types of sports, the double sport was ranked first and showed the greatest potential to be the best choice (cluster ranking value = 3699.73) in improving Internet addiction (SUCRA = 85.5) and mental health (SUCRA = 93.1).ConclusionExercise could be suggested as the best alternative when treating IA in students, based on the extensive positive effects of exercise on IA, anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, loneliness, and mental health in IA students. Double sport may be the best type of exercise for Internet-addicted students. However, to further examine the benefits of exercise for IA students, more research is required.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=377035, identifier: CRD42022377035

Injectable kartogenin and apocynin loaded micelle enhances the alleviation of intervertebral disc degeneration by adipose-derived stem cell.

Cell transplantation has been proved the promising therapeutic effects on intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). However, the increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the degenerated region will impede the efficiency of human adipose-derived stem cells (human ADSCs) transplantation therapy. It inhibits human ADSCs proliferation, and increases human ADSCs apoptosis. Herein, we firstly devised a novel amphiphilic copolymer PEG-PAPO, which could self-assemble into a nanosized micelle and load lipophilic kartogenin (KGN), as a single complex (PAKM). It was an injectable esterase-responsive micelle, and showed controlled release ability of KGN and apocynin (APO). Oxidative stimulation promoted the esterase activity in human ADSCs, which accelerate degradation of esterase-responsive micelle. Compared its monomer, the PAKM micelle possessed better bioactivities, which were attributed to their synergistic effect. It enhanced the viability, autophagic activation (P62, LC3 II), ECM-related transcription factor (SOX9), and ECM (Collagen II, Aggrecan) maintenance in human ADSCs. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the injection of PAKM with human ADSCs yielded higher disc height and water content in rats. Therefore, PAKM micelles perform promoting cell survival and differentiation effects, and may be a potential therapeutic agent for IVDD

Evaluation of tropical coastal land cover and land use changes and their impacts on ecosystem service values

Understanding about land cover and land use (LCLU) changes, as well as the associated impacts on ecosystem service values (ESV) is extremely important in the management of coastal ecosystems globally. Thus, this study assessed temporal LCLU changes, the underlying socioeconomic drivers and dynamics of ESV in the coastal zone of Tanzania. The LCLU data for 2000 and 2010 were from the Globe Land 30 mapping products at 30-meter spatial resolution developed by National Geomatics Center of China, while 2016 images were produced from Landsat 8. Classification of images was done from Landsat TM/ETM+ for 2000, 2010, and 2016 years complemented with MODIS and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index time series, and Chinese HJ imagery. LCLU categories and ecosystem service coefficients were used to compute ESV on each LCLU categories. Between 2000 and 2016, farmland, shrub land, waterbody, and artificial surface expanded while forest, grazing land, and wetlands declined. The ESV increased on farmland, shrub land, and waterbody, while the decline was found on forest, grazing land, and wetlands. The ESV and the total population ratios declined from $80.4, 63.8, and$46.0 million in 2000, 2010, and 2016, respectively. Perfect positive correlation was on LCLU change and ESV, population and households in crop farming, livestock keeping, and bioenergy use. Population pressure and socioeconomic activities have amplified the degradation of the coastal ecosystems. If not abetted, there is a danger of further impairments on these ecosystems. We advise to regulate population and socioeconomic activities to avoid more negative impacts of coastal LCLU change