Nonlinear Boost of Optical Angular Momentum Selectivity by Hybrid Nanolaser Circuits

Selective control of light is essential for optical science and technology, with numerous applications. However, optical selectivity in the angular momentum of light has been quite limited, remaining constant by increasing the incident light power on previous passive optical devices. Here, we demonstrate a nonlinear boost of optical selectivity in both the spin and orbital angular momentum of light through near-field selective excitation of single-mode nanolasers. Our designed hybrid nanolaser circuits consist of plasmonic metasurfaces and individually placed perovskite nanowires, enabling subwavelength focusing of angular-momentum-distinctive plasmonic fields and further selective excitation of nanolasers in nanowires. The optically selected nanolaser with a nonlinear increase of light emission greatly enhances the baseline optical selectivity offered by the metasurface from about 0.4 up to near unity. Our demonstrated hybrid nanophotonic platform may find important applications in all-optical logic gates and nanowire networks, ultrafast optical switches, nanophotonic detectors, and on-chip optical and quantum information processing

Mechanically Resistant and Sustainable Cellulose-Based Composite Aerogels with Excellent Flame Retardant, Sound-Absorption, and Superantiwetting Ability for Advanced Engineering Materials

The production of cellulose-based aerogels from the conversion of cheap and rich precursors using environmentally friendly techniques is a very attractive subject in materials chemistry. In this work, we report a facile strategy to construct flame retardant, sound-adsorption, and mechanical enhancement cellulose-based composite aerogels by the incorporation of aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles (AH NPs) into cellulose gels via an in situ sol–gel process, followed by freeze-drying to coat AH NPs on cellulose composite aerogels (AH NPs@cellulose composite aerogels). The results demonstrated that the AH NP homogeneous dispersion within cellulose aerogels and the presence of AH NPs did not have a remarkable influence on the homogeneous porous structure of cellulose aerogels when compared with cellulose aerogels prepared from the NaOH/urea/thiourea solution. The prepared composite cellulose aerogels showed excellent flame retardancy, the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) of the composite aerogels decreased significantly from 280 W/g of the control sample to 22 W/g, and total heat release (THR) of the composite aerogels decreased remarkably from 13.2 kJ/g to 1.6 kJ/g. Moreover, the incorporation of AH NP composite aerogels exhibited remarkable mechanical properties, and the compressive strength of the composite aerogels increased significantly from 0.08 to 1.5 MPa. In addition, AH NP composite cellulose aerogels have excellent sound absorption at high frequencies with a maximum sound-absorption coefficient of 1. AH NP composite cellulose aerogels have strong water and oil affinity. After immersing the samples in mixed silica nanoparticles, heptadecafluorononanoic, and fluoroalkyl silane solutions, they became superantiwetting, with a water contact angle (CA) larger than 150° and oil CA larger than 140°. In summary, this study provides a facile strategy to rationally construct flame retardant, mechanically robust, highly efficient sound-adsorption, and superamphiphobic cellulose-based composite aerogels, which have promising applications in the future as green engineering materials

Nonlinear Boost of Optical Angular Momentum Selectivity by Hybrid Nanolaser Circuits

Selective control of light is essential for optical science and technology, with numerous applications. However, optical selectivity in the angular momentum of light has been quite limited, remaining constant by increasing the incident light power on previous passive optical devices. Here, we demonstrate a nonlinear boost of optical selectivity in both the spin and orbital angular momentum of light through near-field selective excitation of single-mode nanolasers. Our designed hybrid nanolaser circuits consist of plasmonic metasurfaces and individually placed perovskite nanowires, enabling subwavelength focusing of angular-momentum-distinctive plasmonic fields and further selective excitation of nanolasers in nanowires. The optically selected nanolaser with a nonlinear increase of light emission greatly enhances the baseline optical selectivity offered by the metasurface from about 0.4 up to near unity. Our demonstrated hybrid nanophotonic platform may find important applications in all-optical logic gates and nanowire networks, ultrafast optical switches, nanophotonic detectors, and on-chip optical and quantum information processing

Nonlinear Boost of Optical Angular Momentum Selectivity by Hybrid Nanolaser Circuits

Selective control of light is essential for optical science and technology, with numerous applications. However, optical selectivity in the angular momentum of light has been quite limited, remaining constant by increasing the incident light power on previous passive optical devices. Here, we demonstrate a nonlinear boost of optical selectivity in both the spin and orbital angular momentum of light through near-field selective excitation of single-mode nanolasers. Our designed hybrid nanolaser circuits consist of plasmonic metasurfaces and individually placed perovskite nanowires, enabling subwavelength focusing of angular-momentum-distinctive plasmonic fields and further selective excitation of nanolasers in nanowires. The optically selected nanolaser with a nonlinear increase of light emission greatly enhances the baseline optical selectivity offered by the metasurface from about 0.4 up to near unity. Our demonstrated hybrid nanophotonic platform may find important applications in all-optical logic gates and nanowire networks, ultrafast optical switches, nanophotonic detectors, and on-chip optical and quantum information processing

Multivariable analysis (standardised to the census population of China 2010).

a.<p>Ref.: reference group.</p>b.<p>Sampling method: if the study included all the older people in the specific geographical areas, it was considered as “place” type of sampling unit. If the final sampling unit of the study was each individual, it was categorised as “people” type.</p>c.<p>Socioeconomic level of area: based on economic development information (average household income) and political status (municipality, city and county) of the provinces or areas in China Statistical Yearbook 2010 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0066252#pone.0066252-Harbord1" target="_blank">[10]</a>. For Hong Kong and Taiwan, the two nationwide studies were separated as two categories and dropped because of collinearity.</p>d.<p>Diagnostic criteria: DSM-III/–IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder Third/Fourth Edition; ICD-9/10: the International Statistical Classification of Diseases 9th/10^th; CCMD: Chinese Classification of Mental Disease; Mixed: multiple diagnostic criteria including DSM, ICD or CCMD.</p

Estimated age-stratified prevalence by north, central, south of mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan (Based on DSM-IV).

<p>^a. Age range of estimation: The estimates of three areas in mainland China started from 60 years old, which is the definition of older people in People’s Republic of China. Both Hong Kong and Taiwan are more likely to consider elderly population as people aged 65 and above since they have higher proportion of ageing population since early 1990s. Most of their prevalence studies of dementia also recruited the participants aged 65 and over. Therefore, it is more reliable and reasonable to estimate age-stratified prevalence from 65 years old.</p

Forest plot of the prevalence studies of dementia in mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan.

<p>Forest plot of the prevalence studies of dementia in mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan.</p

Stratified prevalence by age groups and gender.

<p>Stratified prevalence by age groups and gender.</p

Flow plot of literature search.

<p>Flow plot of literature search.</p

Estimated number of people with dementia by age and gender.

<p>Estimated number of people with dementia by age and gender.</p