55 research outputs found
Palladium-Catalyzed Regiocontrollable Reductive Heck Reaction of Unactivated Aliphatic Alkenes
A general Pd-catalyzed intermolecular
reductive Heck reaction of
both terminal and internal unactivated aliphatic alkenes has been
first developed. This method affords γ- and δ-arylated
alkyl carboxylic acid derivatives in high yields with complete <i>anti</i>-Markovnikov selectivity. Notably, the coupling process
is stereoretentive for the alkyl chain. Mechanistically, alkyl palladacycle
intermediates stabilized by directing group and ligand, hydride species
multigenerated from PS/TFA reductant, are two key factors that successfully
promote the reaction and regioselectivity
Palladium-Catalyzed Regiocontrollable Reductive Heck Reaction of Unactivated Aliphatic Alkenes
A general Pd-catalyzed intermolecular
reductive Heck reaction of
both terminal and internal unactivated aliphatic alkenes has been
first developed. This method affords γ- and δ-arylated
alkyl carboxylic acid derivatives in high yields with complete <i>anti</i>-Markovnikov selectivity. Notably, the coupling process
is stereoretentive for the alkyl chain. Mechanistically, alkyl palladacycle
intermediates stabilized by directing group and ligand, hydride species
multigenerated from PS/TFA reductant, are two key factors that successfully
promote the reaction and regioselectivity
Palladium-Catalyzed Regiocontrollable Reductive Heck Reaction of Unactivated Aliphatic Alkenes
A general Pd-catalyzed intermolecular
reductive Heck reaction of
both terminal and internal unactivated aliphatic alkenes has been
first developed. This method affords γ- and δ-arylated
alkyl carboxylic acid derivatives in high yields with complete <i>anti</i>-Markovnikov selectivity. Notably, the coupling process
is stereoretentive for the alkyl chain. Mechanistically, alkyl palladacycle
intermediates stabilized by directing group and ligand, hydride species
multigenerated from PS/TFA reductant, are two key factors that successfully
promote the reaction and regioselectivity
Visualization of Activated Fibroblasts in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction with [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT Imaging
During the pathogenesis
of heart failure with preserved ejection
fraction (HFpEF), fibroblasts are activated and express the fibroblast
activation protein (FAP). Targeted imaging of FAP can qualitatively
and quantitatively assess the fibroblast activity. This study aimed
to use [18F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 (AlF = aluminum fluoride;
NOTA = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid; FAPI = FAP inhibitor)
positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging
to detect activated fibroblasts in a rat HFpEF model. The rat HfpEF
model was established by feeding a high-fat diet plus l-NAME
(Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl
ester) for 10 weeks. Blood pressure, echocardiography, and [18F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT were used to assess the progression of
HfpEF. The biodistribution of [18F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 in
healthy rats was obtained. Cardiac tissue sections were also analyzed
using Masson’s, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and FAP immunohistochemistry
(IHC) staining. The echocardiography and blood pressure data indicated
that the rat HfpEF model was successfully established. [18F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT imaging showed obvious radiotracer accumulation
in the left ventricular wall of the HfpEF rats from the seventh week.
A biodistribution test showed that the tracer was cleared mainly via
renal and intestinal excretion. Percentage of injected dose per gram
tissue (% ID) of the heart and its surrounding organs was lower in
normal rats, which was conducive to image analysis. Masson’s
and H&E stainings showed large areas of vascular and interstitial
fibrosis in the HfpEF rat hearts. IHC staining also confirmed the
presence of FAP-positive cardiac fibroblasts of the HfpEF rat hearts,
with a good correlation with FAPI PET. Thus, [18F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04
PET/CT is a promising and non-invasive method to assess the progression
of fibrosis in HfpEF to facilitate the clinical management
Palladium-Catalyzed Regiocontrollable Reductive Heck Reaction of Unactivated Aliphatic Alkenes
A general Pd-catalyzed intermolecular
reductive Heck reaction of
both terminal and internal unactivated aliphatic alkenes has been
first developed. This method affords γ- and δ-arylated
alkyl carboxylic acid derivatives in high yields with complete <i>anti</i>-Markovnikov selectivity. Notably, the coupling process
is stereoretentive for the alkyl chain. Mechanistically, alkyl palladacycle
intermediates stabilized by directing group and ligand, hydride species
multigenerated from PS/TFA reductant, are two key factors that successfully
promote the reaction and regioselectivity
Palladium-Catalyzed Regiocontrollable Reductive Heck Reaction of Unactivated Aliphatic Alkenes
A general Pd-catalyzed intermolecular
reductive Heck reaction of
both terminal and internal unactivated aliphatic alkenes has been
first developed. This method affords γ- and δ-arylated
alkyl carboxylic acid derivatives in high yields with complete <i>anti</i>-Markovnikov selectivity. Notably, the coupling process
is stereoretentive for the alkyl chain. Mechanistically, alkyl palladacycle
intermediates stabilized by directing group and ligand, hydride species
multigenerated from PS/TFA reductant, are two key factors that successfully
promote the reaction and regioselectivity
Image_1_High-throughput sequencing and characterization of potentially pathogenic fungi from the vaginal mycobiome of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in estrus and non-estrus.PNG
IntroductionThe giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) reproduction is of worldwide attention, and the vaginal microbiome is one of the most important factors affecting the reproductive rate of giant pandas. The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of vaginal mycobiota structure, and potential pathogenic fungi in female giant pandas during estrus and non-estrus.MethodsThis study combined with high-throughput sequencing and laboratory testing to compare the diversity of the vaginal mycobiota in giant pandas during estrus and non-estrus, and to investigate the presence of potentially pathogenic fungi. Potentially pathogenic fungi were studied in mice to explore their pathogenicity.Results and discussionThe results revealed that during estrus, the vaginal secretions of giant pandas play a crucial role in fungal colonization. Moreover, the diversity of the vaginal mycobiota is reduced and specificity is enhanced. The abundance of Trichosporon and Cutaneotrichosporon in the vaginal mycobiota of giant pandas during estrus was significantly higher than that during non-estrus periods. Apiotrichum and Cutaneotrichosporon were considered the most important genera, and they primarily originate from the environment owing to marking behavior exhibited during the estrous period of giant pandas. Trichosporon is considered a resident mycobiota of the vagina and is an important pathogen that causes infection when immune system is suppressed. Potentially pathogenic fungi were further isolated and identified from the vaginal secretions of giant pandas during estrus, and seven strains of Apiotrichum (A. brassicae), one strain of Cutaneotrichosporon (C. moniliiforme), and nine strains of Trichosporon (two strains of T. asteroides, one strain of T. inkin, one strain of T. insectorum, and five strains of T. japonicum) were identified. Pathogenicity results showed that T. asteroides was the most pathogenic strain, as it is associated with extensive connective tissue replacement and inflammatory cell infiltration in both liver and kidney tissues. The results of this study improve our understanding of the diversity of the vaginal fungi present in giant pandas and will significantly contribute to improving the reproductive health of giant pandas in the future.</p
Image_2_High-throughput sequencing and characterization of potentially pathogenic fungi from the vaginal mycobiome of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in estrus and non-estrus.JPEG
IntroductionThe giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) reproduction is of worldwide attention, and the vaginal microbiome is one of the most important factors affecting the reproductive rate of giant pandas. The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of vaginal mycobiota structure, and potential pathogenic fungi in female giant pandas during estrus and non-estrus.MethodsThis study combined with high-throughput sequencing and laboratory testing to compare the diversity of the vaginal mycobiota in giant pandas during estrus and non-estrus, and to investigate the presence of potentially pathogenic fungi. Potentially pathogenic fungi were studied in mice to explore their pathogenicity.Results and discussionThe results revealed that during estrus, the vaginal secretions of giant pandas play a crucial role in fungal colonization. Moreover, the diversity of the vaginal mycobiota is reduced and specificity is enhanced. The abundance of Trichosporon and Cutaneotrichosporon in the vaginal mycobiota of giant pandas during estrus was significantly higher than that during non-estrus periods. Apiotrichum and Cutaneotrichosporon were considered the most important genera, and they primarily originate from the environment owing to marking behavior exhibited during the estrous period of giant pandas. Trichosporon is considered a resident mycobiota of the vagina and is an important pathogen that causes infection when immune system is suppressed. Potentially pathogenic fungi were further isolated and identified from the vaginal secretions of giant pandas during estrus, and seven strains of Apiotrichum (A. brassicae), one strain of Cutaneotrichosporon (C. moniliiforme), and nine strains of Trichosporon (two strains of T. asteroides, one strain of T. inkin, one strain of T. insectorum, and five strains of T. japonicum) were identified. Pathogenicity results showed that T. asteroides was the most pathogenic strain, as it is associated with extensive connective tissue replacement and inflammatory cell infiltration in both liver and kidney tissues. The results of this study improve our understanding of the diversity of the vaginal fungi present in giant pandas and will significantly contribute to improving the reproductive health of giant pandas in the future.</p
Table_1_High-throughput sequencing and characterization of potentially pathogenic fungi from the vaginal mycobiome of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in estrus and non-estrus.DOCX
IntroductionThe giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) reproduction is of worldwide attention, and the vaginal microbiome is one of the most important factors affecting the reproductive rate of giant pandas. The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of vaginal mycobiota structure, and potential pathogenic fungi in female giant pandas during estrus and non-estrus.MethodsThis study combined with high-throughput sequencing and laboratory testing to compare the diversity of the vaginal mycobiota in giant pandas during estrus and non-estrus, and to investigate the presence of potentially pathogenic fungi. Potentially pathogenic fungi were studied in mice to explore their pathogenicity.Results and discussionThe results revealed that during estrus, the vaginal secretions of giant pandas play a crucial role in fungal colonization. Moreover, the diversity of the vaginal mycobiota is reduced and specificity is enhanced. The abundance of Trichosporon and Cutaneotrichosporon in the vaginal mycobiota of giant pandas during estrus was significantly higher than that during non-estrus periods. Apiotrichum and Cutaneotrichosporon were considered the most important genera, and they primarily originate from the environment owing to marking behavior exhibited during the estrous period of giant pandas. Trichosporon is considered a resident mycobiota of the vagina and is an important pathogen that causes infection when immune system is suppressed. Potentially pathogenic fungi were further isolated and identified from the vaginal secretions of giant pandas during estrus, and seven strains of Apiotrichum (A. brassicae), one strain of Cutaneotrichosporon (C. moniliiforme), and nine strains of Trichosporon (two strains of T. asteroides, one strain of T. inkin, one strain of T. insectorum, and five strains of T. japonicum) were identified. Pathogenicity results showed that T. asteroides was the most pathogenic strain, as it is associated with extensive connective tissue replacement and inflammatory cell infiltration in both liver and kidney tissues. The results of this study improve our understanding of the diversity of the vaginal fungi present in giant pandas and will significantly contribute to improving the reproductive health of giant pandas in the future.</p
Giant panda fibroblasts, but not red panda or Asiatic lion fibroblasts, are able to generate m-SKPs after passage and cryopreservation.
<p>Fibroblast cultures from red panda (<b>a</b>) and Asiatic lion (<b>b</b>) were unable to generate m-SKPs. Female giant panda fibroblasts cultures were able to generate m-SKPs (<b>c</b>). Buccal mucosa cell cultures from the male giant panda could also generate m-SKPs (<b>d</b>) after cryopreservation of cells, m-SKPs generated from the male giant panda could be passaged to p1 (<b>e</b>) and p2 (<b>f</b>). Scale Bar = 100μm.</p
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