291 research outputs found
Energy Efficient Spectrum Sensing for State Estimation over A Wireless Channel
The performance of remote estimation over wireless channel is strongly
affected by sensor data losses due to interference. Although the impact of
interference can be alleviated by performing spectrum sensing and then
transmitting only when the channel is clear, the introduction of spectrum
sensing also incurs extra energy expenditure. In this paper, we investigate the
problem of energy efficient spectrum sensing for state estimation of a general
linear dynamic system, and formulate an optimization problem which minimizes
the total sensor energy consumption while guaranteeing a desired level of
estimation performance. The optimal solution is evaluated through both
analytical and simulation results.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, accepted to IEEE GlobalSIP 201
Energy-Efficient Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio Enabled Remote State Estimation Over Wireless Channels
The performance of remote estimation over wireless channels is strongly affected by sensor data losses due to interference. Although the impact of interference can be alleviated by applying cognitive radio technique which features in spectrum sensing and transmitting data only on clear channels, the introduction of spectrum sensing incurs extra energy expenditure. In this paper, we investigate the problem of energy-efficient spectrum sensing for remotely estimating the state of a general linear dynamic system, and formulate an optimization problem which minimizes the total sensor energy consumption while guaranteeing a desired level of estimation performance. We model the problem as a mixed integer nonlinear program and propose a simulated annealing based optimization algorithm which jointly addresses when to perform sensing, which channels to sense, in what order and how long to scan each channel. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm well balances the sensing energy and transmission energy expenditure and can achieve the desired estimation performance
Energy-Efficient Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio Enabled Remote State Estimation Over Wireless Channels
Multidimensional analysis reveals environmental factors that affect community dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in poplar roots
IntroductionPoplar is a tree species with important production and application value. The symbiotic relationship between poplar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has a key role in ecosystem functioning. However, there remain questions concerning the seasonal dynamics of the AMF community in poplar roots, the relationship between AMF and the soil environment, and its ecological function.MethodPoplar roots and rhizosphere soil were sampled at the end of April and the end of October. The responses of AMF communities to season, host age, and host species were investigated; the soil environmental factors driving community changes were analyzed.ResultsThe diversity and species composition of the AMF community were higher in autumn than in spring. Season, host age, host species, and soil environmental factors affected the formation of the symbiotic mycorrhizal system and the AMF community. Differences in the communities could be explained by soil pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available potassium, and glomalin content.DiscussionThe AMF community was sensitive to changes in soil physicochemical properties caused by seasonal dynamics, particularly total potassium. The change in the mycorrhizal symbiotic system was closely related to the growth and development of poplar trees
Inhibition of Influenza A Virus Replication by TRIM14 via Its Multifaceted Protein–Protein Interaction With NP
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a worldwide ongoing health threat causing diseases in both humans and animals. The interaction between IAV and host is a dynamic and evolving process that influences the pathogenicity and host specificity of the virus. TRIM14, a member of tripartite motif (TRIM) family, has been demonstrated to possess a strong capability of regulating type I interferon and NF-κB induction in host defense against viral infection. In this study, we found that TRIM14 could restrict the replication of IAV in a type I interferon and NF-κB independent manner. Mechanistically, different domains of TRIM14 could selectively interact with the viral nucleoprotein (NP), resulting in disparate influences on the RNP formation and viral replication. In particular, the PRYSPRY domain of TRIM14 exhibited a potent inhibitory activity on NP protein stability and IAV replication. On the contrary, the ΔS2 domain could rather antagonize the function of PRYSPRY domain and promote the IAV RNP formation by stabilizing NP. At the biochemical level, TRIM14-NP interaction could induce the K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of NP. Moreover, due to the rapid degradation of newly synthesized NP, TRIM14 could effectively block the translocation of NP from cytoplasm to nucleus thus further restrain the propagation of IAV in host cells. Taken together, our study has unraveled a previously unknown mechanism of TRIM14 mediated inhibition on RNP formation and influenza virus replication, and provides a new paradigm of complex and multifaceted host–pathogen interaction between ISG and viral protein
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) deficiency exacerbates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting Beclin-1 dependent autophagy pathway
AbstractMitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) was demonstrated to play cardioprotective roles in cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless, little is known about the roles and mechanisms of ALDH2 in pressure overload-induced cardiac damages. In this study, we revealed that ALDH2 deficiency overtly exacerbated transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced cardiac dysfunction. Cardiomyocyte enlargement was observed in both WT and ALDH2−/− mice in HE-stained myocardial tissue samples at 8weeks post TAC surgery. Mitochondrial morphology and structure were also significantly damaged post TAC surgery and the changes were aggravated in ALDH2−/− TAC hearts. ALDH2 deficiency also depressed myocardial autophagy in hearts at 8weeks post TAC surgery with a potential mechanism of repressing the expression of Beclin-1 and promoting the interaction between Bcl-2 and Beclin-1. These data indicate that ALDH2 deficiency exacerbates the pressure overload induced cardiac dysfunction partly by inhibiting Beclin-1 dependent autophagy pathway.This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Autophagy and protein quality control in cardiometabolic diseases
Transport evidence of asymmetric spin-orbit coupling in fewlayer superconducting 1TdMoTe
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) MX2 (M=W, Mo,
Nb, and X=Te, Se, S) with strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) possess plenty of
novel physics including superconductivity. Due to the Ising SOC, monolayer
NbSe and gated MoS of 2H structure can realize the Ising
superconductivity phase, which manifests itself with in-plane upper critical
field far exceeding Pauli paramagnetic limit. Surprisingly, we find that a
few-layer 1Td structure MoTe also exhibits an in-plane upper critical field
() which goes beyond the Pauli paramagnetic limit. Importantly, the
in-plane upper critical field shows an emergent two-fold symmetry which is
different from the isotropic in 2H structure TMDCs. We show that
this is a result of an asymmetric SOC in 1Td structure TMDCs. The asymmetric
SOC is very strong and estimated to be on the order of tens of meV. Our work
provides the first transport evidence of a new type of asymmetric SOC in TMDCs
which may give rise to novel superconducting and spin transport properties.
Moreover, our findings mostly depend on the symmetry of the crystal and apply
to a whole class of 1Td TMDCs such as 1Td-WTe which is under intense study
due to its topological properties.Comment: 34 pages, 12 figure
Choosing an optimal land-use pattern for restoring eco-environments in a semiarid region of the Chinese Loess Plateau
Potential of Core-Collapse Supernova Neutrino Detection at JUNO
JUNO is an underground neutrino observatory under construction in Jiangmen, China. It uses 20kton liquid scintillator as target, which enables it to detect supernova burst neutrinos of a large statistics for the next galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) and also pre-supernova neutrinos from the nearby CCSN progenitors. All flavors of supernova burst neutrinos can be detected by JUNO via several interaction channels, including inverse beta decay, elastic scattering on electron and proton, interactions on C12 nuclei, etc. This retains the possibility for JUNO to reconstruct the energy spectra of supernova burst neutrinos of all flavors. The real time monitoring systems based on FPGA and DAQ are under development in JUNO, which allow prompt alert and trigger-less data acquisition of CCSN events. The alert performances of both monitoring systems have been thoroughly studied using simulations. Moreover, once a CCSN is tagged, the system can give fast characterizations, such as directionality and light curve
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