A Parallel Mining Algorithm for Maximum Erasable Itemset Based on Multi-core Processor

Mining the erasable itemset is an interesting research domain, which has been applied to solve the problem of how to efficiently use limited funds to optimise production in economic crisis. After the problem of mining the erasable itemset was posed, researchers have proposed many algorithms to solve it, among which mining the maximum erasable itemset is a significant direction for research. Since all subsets of the maximum erasable itemset are erasable itemsets, all erasable itemsets can be obtained by mining the maximum erasable itemset, which reduces both the quantity of candidate and resultant itemsets generated during the mining process. However, computing many itemset values still takes a lot of CPU time when mining huge amounts of data. And it is difficult to solve the problem quickly with sequential algorithms. Therefore, this proposed study presents a parallel algorithm for the mining of maximum erasable itemsets, called PAMMEI, based on a multi-core processor platform. The algorithm divides the entire mining task into multiple subtasks and assigns them to multiple processor cores for parallel execution, while using an efficient pruning strategy to downsize the space to be searched and increase the mining speed. To verify the efficiency of the PAMMEI algorithm, the paper compares it with most advanced algorithms. The experimental results show that PAMMEI is superior to the comparable algorithms with respect to runtime, memory usage and scalability

Mitochondrial Matrix K\u3csup\u3e+\u3c/sup\u3e Flux Independent of Large-conductance Ca\u3csup\u3e2+\u3c/sup\u3e-activated K\u3csup\u3e+\u3c/sup\u3e Channel Opening

Large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BKCa) in the inner mitochondrial membrane may play a role in protecting against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. NS1619 (30 μM), an activator of BKCa channels, was shown to increase respiration and to stimulate reactive oxygen species generation in isolated cardiac mitochondria energized with succinate. Here, we tested effects of NS1619 to alter matrix K+, H+, and swelling in mitochondria isolated from guinea pig hearts. We found that 30 μM NS1619 did not change matrix K+, H+, and swelling, but that 50 and 100 μM NS1619 caused a concentration-dependent increase in matrix K+ influx (PBFI fluorescence) only when quinine was present to block K+/H+ exchange (KHE); this was accompanied by increased mitochondrial matrix volume (light scattering). Matrix pH (BCECF fluorescence) was decreased slightly by 50 and 100 μM NS1619 but markedly more so when quinine was present. NS1619 (100 μM) caused a significant leak in lipid bilayers, and this was enhanced in the presence of quinine. The K+ ionophore valinomycin (0.25 nM), which like NS1619 increased matrix volume and increased K+ influx in the presence of quinine, caused matrix alkalinization followed by acidification when quinine was absent, and only alkalinization when quinine was present. If K+ is exchanged instantly by H+ through activated KHE, then matrix K+ influx should stimulate H+ influx through KHE and cause matrix acidification. Our results indicate that KHE is not activated immediately by NS1619-induced K+ influx that NS1619 induces matrix K+ and H+ influx through a nonspecific transport mechanism, and that enhancement with quinine is not due to the blocking of KHE, but to a nonspecific effect of quinine to enhance current leak by NS1619

Protection Against Cardiac Injury by Small Ca\u3csup\u3e2 +\u3c/sup\u3e-Sensitive K\u3csup\u3e+\u3c/sup\u3e Channels Identified in Guinea Pig Cardiac Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

We tested if small conductance, Ca2 +‐sensitive K+ channels (SKCa) precondition hearts against ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury by improving mitochondrial (m) bioenergetics, if O2‐derived free radicals are required to initiate protection via SKCa channels, and, importantly, if SKCa channels are present in cardiac cell inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). NADH and FAD, superoxide (O2−), and m[Ca2 +] were measured in guinea pig isolated hearts by fluorescence spectrophotometry. SKCa and IKCa channel opener DCEBIO (DCEB) was given for 10 min and ended 20 min before IR. Either TBAP, a dismutator of O2−, NS8593, an antagonist of SKCa isoforms, or other KCa and KATP channel antagonists, were given before DCEB and before ischemia. DCEB treatment resulted in a 2-fold increase in LV pressure on reperfusion and a 2.5 fold decrease in infarct size vs. non-treated hearts associated with reduced O2− and m[Ca2 +], and more normalized NADH and FAD during IR. Only NS8593 and TBAP antagonized protection by DCEB. Localization of SKCa channels to mitochondria and IMM was evidenced by a) identification of purified mSKCa protein by Western blotting, immuno-histochemical staining, confocal microscopy, and immuno-gold electron microscopy, b) 2-D gel electrophoresis and mass spectroscopy of IMM protein, c) [Ca2 +]‐dependence of mSKCa channels in planar lipid bilayers, and d) matrix K+ influx induced by DCEB and blocked by SKCa antagonist UCL1684. This study shows that 1) SKCa channels are located and functional in IMM, 2) mSKCa channel opening by DCEB leads to protection that is O2−dependent, and 3) protection by DCEB is evident beginning during ischemia

Reactive Oxygen Species Affect the Tenderness of Bovine Muscle by Regulating Glycolysis during the Early Stage of Postmortem Cold Storage

This study was conducted to investigate the regulatory mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the glycolysis pathway of bovine muscle and its impact on meat tenderness at the early stage of postmortem cold storage. Fresh beef was treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a major ROS, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) as an ROS scavenger, or physiological saline as a control before being stored at 4 ℃. After 0.5, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours, the glycolysis level and tenderness indices were assessed. In addition, tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled quantitative proteomics was used for protein identification and quantitative analysis of the samples after 24 hours and for screening of differential proteins in the glycolysis pathway. The findings showed that the glycolysis level increased significantly in the H2O2-treated group, and glycogenolysis and lactic acid accumulation were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (P < 0.05). In contrast, the glycolysis process was significantly suppressed by NAC treatment. The H2O2-treated group reached the ultimate pH after 12 hours, 12 and 36 hours earlier than the control and NAC groups, respectively. The shear force of the H2O2-treated group reached its maximum after 12 hours, and the myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) was significantly greater than that of the other two groups after 6–48 hours (P < 0.05), indicating that a higher ROS level can accelerate the tenderization of bovine muscle by enhancing the glycolysis capacity during postmortem refrigeration. Totally eight up-regulated proteins and two down-regulated proteins in the glycolysis pathway were identified in the H2O2-treated versus control groups after 24 hours of refrigeration. Among these proteins, the up-regulated core proteins of phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM), enolase (ENO), and pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit beta (PDHB) coordinated with the down-regulated pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit alpha (PDHA) to accelerate the glycolysis process. In conclusion, ROS can speed up glycolysis and consequently improve meat tenderness by regulating the expression of key proteins in the glycolysis pathway

Compact Design of Circularly Polarized Antenna with Vertical Slotted Ground for RFID Reader Application

A novel compact circular polarization (CP) microstrip antenna is proposed for UHF ultrahigh frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) reader applications. The proposed antenna is composed of a corner truncated square-ring radiating patch on a substrate and a vertical slotted ground surrounding four sides of the antenna. A new feeding scheme is designed from flexible impedance matching techniques. The impedance bandwidths for S11<-10 dB and 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth are 12.1% (794.5–896.5 MHz) and 2.5% (833.5–854.5 MHz), respectively

LF-NMR determination of water distribution and its relationship with protein- related properties of yak and cattle during postmortem aging

The water distribution have a profound influence on meat quality, and proteins play a critical role in water distribution. The water distribution detected with proton NMR and its relationship with protein related properties were investigated. Three populations of water were detected: bound water (T21, P21), immobilized water (T22, P22), and free water (T23, P23). The decreased T22 and T23 indicated an increase in water-holding capacity in both muscles from 3 days of aging. The P22 in cattle was higher than that in yak and the P23 in cattle was lower than that in yak, suggesting that cattle exhibited a greater water-holding capacity compared to yak. Moreover, postmortem aging affected muscle protein oxidation, denaturation, and degradation. Correlation analysis suggested that protein oxidation and denaturation caused muscle water loss and protein degradation could allow the muscle to retain water. It provides a basis for the optimization of quality of meat and products

Experimental investigation on flue gas condensation heat recovery system integrated with heat pump and spray heat exchanger

To deeply recover the flue gas condensation heat, a flue gas condensation heat recovery system that combines a compression heat pump (FGCHR-HP) is proposed. An experimental bench of the FGCHR-HP system was established to explore the thermal properties of the system under variable operating conditions. The experimental results show that when the inlet water temperature of the heat pump condensing heat exchanger is 50 °C and the flow rate is 40 L/min, the optimal experimental conditions are achieved. Under this working condition, the heat efficiency is 13.8 %, and the exhaust gas temperature is 26.9 °C. At the same time, the flue gas moisture recovery is up to 6.5–7.0 kg/hour, which is better than other boilers.The payback period of the FGCHR-HP system is 3.4 years. The system has achieved significant energy-saving and water-saving effects, and has certain promotion and application prospects.©2024 Elsevier. This manuscript version is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY–NC–ND 4.0) license, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed