How Does Culture Shape Creativity? A Mini-Review

The purpose of this study was to examine how culture shapes creativity by reviewing empirical findings across diverse studies. The impact of culture on creativity is typically manifested in three ways: (1) people from different cultures or settings have distinct implicit and/or explicit conceptions of creativity; (2) individuals from different cultures, particularly those from individualist and collectivist cultures, show differences in preferred creative processes and creative processing modes (e.g., usefulness seems more important than novelty in the East, whereas novelty seems equally important as usefulness, if not more so, in the West) when they are engaged in creative endeavors; (3) creativity may be assessed using different measures based on culture-related contents or materials, and findings are accurate only when culturally appropriate or culturally fair measures are used. Potential implications and future directions are also proposed

Effect of Soymilk Fermented by Different Lactic Acid Bacteria on Dough Fermentation Characteristics and Steamed Bun Quality

The effects of soymilk fermented with single and mixed (1:1:1) cultures of three strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from sourdough from Fuchun Teahouse in Yangzhou City on the fermentation characteristics of dough and the quality of steamed bun were investigated. The results showed that the acidity and viable bacterial count of soymilk fermented with the mixed culture were 85.06 °T and 9.66 (lg(CFU/mL)), respectively, which were higher than those of the single culture fermented samples. Meanwhile, compared with the control group, the addition of fermented soymilk significantly increased the organic acid content and viable bacterial count of dough. The lactic acid content and viable bacterial count of dough supplemented with Lactobacillus pentosus 203 fermented soymilk were the highest, which were 18.57 mg/g and 8.94 (lg(CFU/g)), respectively. Dough added with Lactobacillus fermentum 202 fermented soymilk had the highest acetic acid content (3.81 mg/g). Compared with control steamed buns, the specific volume, elasticity and height to diameter ratio of four steamed buns supplemented with fermented soymilk were significantly increased, while the hardness and chewiness were significantly decreased. Steamed buns added with mixed-culture fermented soymilk had the highest overall acceptability. A total of 48 volatile flavor substances were detected in the five groups of steamed buns. Among them, the relative contents and types of flavor substances in the mixed culture group were the highest, which were 71.62% and 47, respectively. After being stored at 4 ℃ for 4 days, the moisture loss rate and retrogradation enthalpy of steamed buns added with fermented soymilk were significantly lower than those of the control group; the highest moisture content of 38.53% and the lowest retrogradation enthalpy of 1.00 J/g were found in the mixed culture group. In conclusion, adding fermented soymilk can effectively improve the quality and flavor and delay the aging of steamed buns, this effect being most pronounced with the incorporation of mixed-culture fermented soymilk

A support system for civil aviation navigation equipment security management

Civil aviation navigation equipment system has many weaknesses, which easily causes serious problem to air transportation safety. This paper focuses on a support system for civil aviation navigation equipment security management. Firstly, a sustainability assessment platform was constructed to analysis and find out the weaknesses of equipment network. Next, one network expansion planning platform was built to improve the reliability and business continuity of the whole navigation system. Experiments were carried out based on these two platforms. Also, the equipment network of China's eastern part was expanded based on the business continuity assessment. Results proved that the network business continuity and node efficiencies of new equipment network can satisfy the lowest requirement of economic consumption. Finally, the optimal network expansion planning method has been achieved, proving the effectiveness of the civil aviation navigation equipment security management support system

Thermodynamic Analysis of Supercritical CO2 Power Cycle with Fluidized Bed Coal Combustion

Closed supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycle is a promising alternative to steam Rankine cycle due to higher cycle efficiency at equivalent turbine inlet conditions, which has been explored to apply to nuclear, solar power, waste heat recovery, and coal-fired power plant. This study establishes 300MW S-CO2 power system based on modified recompression Brayton cycle integrated with coal-fired circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. The influences of two stages split flow on system performance have been investigated in detail. In addition, thermodynamic analysis of critical operating parameters has been carried out, including terminal temperature difference, turbine inlet pressure/temperature, reheat stages, and parameters as well as compressor inlet pressure/temperature. The results show that rational distribution of split ratio to the recompressor (SR1) achieves maximal cycle efficiency where heat capacities of both sides in the low temperature recuperator (LTR) realize an excellent matching. The optimal SR1 decreases in the approximately linear proportion to high pressure turbine (HPT) inlet pressure due to gradually narrowing specific heat differences in the LTR. Secondary split ratio to the economizer of CFB boiler (SR2) can recover moderate flue gas heat caused by narrow temperature range and improve boiler efficiency. Smaller terminal temperature difference corresponds to higher efficiency and brings about larger cost and pressure drops of the recuperators, which probably decrease efficiency conversely. Single reheat improves cycle efficiency by 1.5% under the condition of 600°C/600°C/25Mpa while efficiency improvement for double reheat is less obvious compared to steam Rankine cycle largely due to much lower pressure ratio. Reheat pressure and main compressor (MC) inlet pressure have corresponding optimal values. HPT and low pressure turbine (LPT) inlet temperature both have positive influences on system performance

Fire risk analysis of runway excursion accidents in high-plateau airport

The risk assessment of runway excursion accidents in the high-plateau airport is a significant part of the airport operations and risk management. This article proposes a method to evaluate the risk of runway excursion accidents in the high-plateau airport with the probability and severity estimations of runway excursion in the high-plateau airport. Firstly, the probability estimation is calculated by combining the correction model and the Bayesian network. The probability correction model considers the runway length required for takeoff and landing, specific ambient temperature, and wind speeds in the high-plateau airport. Then, a high-plateau airport simulation evacuation model of evacuation capacity is established by the VR experiment, and the severity of evacuation in the high-plateau airport is evaluated, combining the endurance of fire products. Finally, based on probability and severity, the quantitative calculation value of risk is given. We also utilize the model on a case study to find the effect of temperature, wind speed, and altitude on this risk index. The results show that the risk of runway excursion accidents in the high-plateau airport is greatly affected by temperature and wind speed. The experimental airport's risk value in February is about 11.8 times of that in September, and the risk value of the high-plateau airport is 7.32 times higher than that in a plain airport. The model successfully simulates the various scenarios at a high-plateau airport and other airports at different altitudes. It is proved that the fire risk of high-plateau airport runway excursion accidents should be paid attention to and provides scientific guidance for the airport's aviation safety management based on the actual characteristics of a high-plateau airport

Effect of H2 on Blast Furnace Ironmaking: A Review

Under the background of “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutralization”, the green transformation of iron and steel enterprises is imminent. The hydrogen-rich smelting technology of blast furnaces is very important for reducing energy consumption and CO2 emission in ironmaking systems, and it is one of the important directions of green and low-carbon development of iron and steel enterprises. In this paper, the research status of the thermal state, reduction mechanism of iron-bearing burden, coke degradation behavior, and formation of the cohesive zone in various areas of blast furnace after hydrogen-rich smelting is summarized, which can make a more clear and comprehensive understanding for the effect of H2 on blast furnace ironmaking. Meanwhile, based on the current research situation, it is proposed that the following aspects should be further studied in the hydrogen-rich smelting of blast furnaces: (1) the utilization rate of hydrogen and degree of substitution for direct reduction, (2) combustion behavior of fuel in raceway, (3) control of gas flow distribution in the blast furnace, (4) operation optimization of the blast furnace

Vibration mitigation for in-wheel switched reluctance motor driven electric vehicle with dynamic vibration absorbing structures

This paper presents a new approach for vibration mitigation based on a dynamic vibration absorbing structure (DVAS) for electric vehicles (EVs) that use in-wheel switched reluctance motors (SRMs). The proposed approach aims to alleviate the negative effects of vibration caused by the unbalanced electromagnetic force (UMEF) that arises from road excitations. The analytical model of SRMs is first formulated using Fourier series, and then a model of the coupled longitudinal-vertical dynamics is developed taking into consideration the external excitations consisting of the aerodynamic drag force and road unevenness. In addition, numerical simulations for a conventional SRM-suspension system and two novel DVASs are carried out for varying road levels specified by ISO standards and vehicle velocities. The results of the comparison reveal that a 35% improvement in ride comfort, 30% improvement of road handling, and 68% improvement in air gap between rotor and stator can be achieved by adopting the novel DVAS compared to the conventional SRM-suspension system. Finally, multi-body simulation (MBS) is performed using LMS Motion to validate the feasibility of the proposed DVAS. Analysis of the results shows that the proposed method can augment the effective application of SRMs in EVs