2,067 research outputs found
PM2.5-Related Health Economic Benefits Evaluation Based on Air Improvement Action Plan in Wuhan City, Middle China
On the basis of PM2.5 data of the national air quality monitoring sites, local population data, and baseline all-cause mortality rate, PM2.5-related health economic benefits of the Air Improvement Action Plan implemented in Wuhan in 2013–2017 were investigated using health-impact and valuation functions. Annual avoided premature deaths driven by the average concentration of PM2.5 decrease were evaluated, and the economic benefits were computed by using the value of statistical life (VSL) method. Results showed that the number of avoided premature deaths in Wuhan are 21,384 (95% confidence interval (CI): 15,004 to 27,255) during 2013–2017, due to the implementation of the Air Improvement Action Plan. According to the VSL method, the obtained economic benefits of Huangpi, Wuchang, Hongshan, Xinzhou, Jiang’an, Hanyang, Jiangxia, Qiaokou, Jianghan, Qingshan, Caidian, Dongxihu, and Hannan District were 8.55, 8.19, 8.04, 7.39, 5.78, 4.84, 4.37, 4.04, 3.90, 3.30, 2.87, 2.42, and 0.66 billion RMB (1 RMB = 0.1417 USD On 14 October 2019), respectively. These economic benefits added up to 64.35 billion RMB (95% CI: 45.15 to 82.02 billion RMB), accounting for 4.80% (95% CI: 3.37% to 6.12%) of the total GDP of Wuhan in 2017. Therefore, in the process of formulating a regional air quality improvement scheme, apart from establishing hierarchical emission-reduction standards and policies, policy makers should give integrated consideration to the relationship between regional economic development, environmental protection and residents’ health benefits. Furthermore, for improving air quality, air quality compensation mechanisms can be established on the basis of the status quo and trends of air quality, population distribution, and economic development factors
Conjugate phase retrieval in a complex shift-invariant space
The conjugate phase retrieval problem concerns the determination of a
complex-valued function, up to a unimodular constant and conjugation, from its
magnitude observations. It can also be considered as a conjugate phaseless
sampling and reconstruction problem in an infinite dimensional space. In this
paper, we first characterize the conjugate phase retrieval from the point
evaluations in a shift-invariant space , where the generator
is a compactly supported real-valued function. If the generator
has some spanning property, we also show that a conjugate phase retrievable
function in can be reconstructed from its phaseless samples
taken on a discrete set with finite sampling density. With additional phaseless
measurements on the function derivative, for the B-spline generator of
order which does not have the spanning property, we find sets
and of cardinalities and respectively,
such that a conjugate phase retrievable function in the spline space
can be determined from its phaseless Hermite samples
, and . An
algorithm is proposed for the conjugate phase retrieval of piecewise
polynomials from the Hermite samples. Our results provide illustrative examples
of real conjugate phase retrievable frames for the complex finite dimensional
space \C^N
Experimental Study on Destroy of Dolos Armored Breakwater, Pacitan in Indonesia
The breakwater armored with 15 T Dolos block had destroyed several times during constructing even the section verified by experiment study in wave flume, and it was destroyed again after the repair design and test verification. The damage phenomena were compared between on site and in the lab. In the third model test study, it proposed the problems of rod broken caused by block shaking and rolling impact, as well as overall sliding caused by small block supporting the big block. The stability of the repair plan was verified again by increasing the block weight, and the section was verified under the wave impact after on-site implementation. The study also revealed the fact that shaking led to the broken of the rod and the breakwater failure
The Evolution of the Phase Lags Associated with the Type-C Quasi-periodic Oscillation in GX 339--4 during the 2006/2007 Outburst
We present the evolution of the phase lags associated with the type-C QPO in
GX 339--4 during the rising phase of the 2006/2007 outburst. We find that the
phase lags at the QPO frequency are always positive (hard), and show very
different behavior between QPOs with frequencies below and above Hz:
when the QPO frequency is below Hz, the phase lags increase both with
QPO frequency and energy, while when the QPO frequency is above Hz,
the phase lags remain more or less constant. When the QPO frequency is higher
than Hz, a broad feature is always present in the lag-energy spectra
at around 6.5 keV, suggesting that the reflection component may have a
significant contribution to the phase lags. Below Hz, the QPO rms
first decreases with energy and then turns to almost flat, while above
Hz, the QPO rms increases with energy. During the transition from the
low-hard state to the hard-intermediate state, the second harmonic and
subharmonic of this QPO appear in the power density spectra. The
second-harmonic and subharmonic phase lags show very similar evolution with
their centroid frequencies. However, the energy dependence of the
second-harmonic and subharmonic phase lags are quite different. Our results
suggest that, at different phases of the outburst, different mechanisms may be
responsible for the phase lags of the QPO. We briefly discuss the possible
scenarios for producing the lags.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
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