Mass of Y(3940) in Bethe-Salpeter equation for quarks

The general form of the Bethe-Salpeter wave functions for the bound states composed of two vector fields of arbitrary spin and definite parity is corrected. Using the revised general formalism, we investigate the observed \emph{Y}(3940) state which is considered as a molecule state consisting of $D^{*0}\bar{D}^{*0}$. Though the attractive potential between $D^{*0}$ and $\bar{D}^{*0}$ including one light meson ($\sigma$, $\pi$, $\omega$, $\rho$) exchange is considered, we find that in our approach the contribution from one-$\pi$ exchange is equal to zero and consider SU(3) symmetry breaking. The obtained mass of \emph{Y}(3940) is consistent with the experimental value.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl

Effects of microRNA-129-5p on hepatic fibrosis and primary hepatic stellate cell proliferation and migration in rats

Purpose: To investigate the effects and mechanism of microRNA (miR)-129-5p in hepatic fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell proliferation and migration in rats.Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and model groups. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis was established in the model group. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe rat liver pathological sections. Sirius red staining was used to assess collagen deposition, while quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate miR- 129-5p expression in the rat liver during hepatic fibrosis. Three groups of rat primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) (miR-129-5p overexpression group, negative control lentivirus group and blank control group) were prepared. Cell proliferation and migration were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell assay, respectively. Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 3 (SGK3), β-catenin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression were evaluated by Western blotting, while dual luciferasereporter gene assay was used to evaluate whether SGK3 is an miR-129-5p target.Results: miR-129-5p expression was significantly reduced during the progression of CCl4-induced rat hepatic fibrosis (p < 0.05). The proliferation rate and migration ability of the primary HSCs in the miR- 129-5p mimics group were significantly lower than those in the miR-129-5p NC and blank control groups (p < 0.05). Protein expression of SGK3, β-catenin, and α-SMA in the miR-129-5p mimics group was reduced (p < 0.05), and miR-129-5p showed targeted binding to SGK3.Conclusion: MiR-129-5p down-regulates the expression of β-catenin through targeted regulation of SGK3 to inhibit HSC activation, providing novel insight into design of a potential treatment strategy for hepatic fibrosis

Mass and width of unstable molecular state in quantum field theory

Applying resonance theory in the framework of relativistic quantum field theory, we investigate the temporal evolution of molecular state composed of two vector mesons as determined by the total Hamiltonian. Then exotic meson resonance $X(3915)$ is considered as a mixed state of two unstable molecular states $D^{*0}\bar{D}^{*0}$ and $D^{*+}D^{*-}$, and the corrected mass and width for resonance $X(3915)$ are calculated. In this actual calculation, we minutely show how to obtain the corrections for resonance and to exhibit the key features of dispersion relation in a new Feynman diagram. The numerical results are consistent with the experimental values

V-Cloak: Intelligibility-, Naturalness- & Timbre-Preserving Real-Time Voice Anonymization

Voice data generated on instant messaging or social media applications contains unique user voiceprints that may be abused by malicious adversaries for identity inference or identity theft. Existing voice anonymization techniques, e.g., signal processing and voice conversion/synthesis, suffer from degradation of perceptual quality. In this paper, we develop a voice anonymization system, named V-Cloak, which attains real-time voice anonymization while preserving the intelligibility, naturalness and timbre of the audio. Our designed anonymizer features a one-shot generative model that modulates the features of the original audio at different frequency levels. We train the anonymizer with a carefully-designed loss function. Apart from the anonymity loss, we further incorporate the intelligibility loss and the psychoacoustics-based naturalness loss. The anonymizer can realize untargeted and targeted anonymization to achieve the anonymity goals of unidentifiability and unlinkability. We have conducted extensive experiments on four datasets, i.e., LibriSpeech (English), AISHELL (Chinese), CommonVoice (French) and CommonVoice (Italian), five Automatic Speaker Verification (ASV) systems (including two DNN-based, two statistical and one commercial ASV), and eleven Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems (for different languages). Experiment results confirm that V-Cloak outperforms five baselines in terms of anonymity performance. We also demonstrate that V-Cloak trained only on the VoxCeleb1 dataset against ECAPA-TDNN ASV and DeepSpeech2 ASR has transferable anonymity against other ASVs and cross-language intelligibility for other ASRs. Furthermore, we verify the robustness of V-Cloak against various de-noising techniques and adaptive attacks. Hopefully, V-Cloak may provide a cloak for us in a prism world.Comment: Accepted by USENIX Security Symposium 202

Quark Mass Ratios in ChPT with the Difference of Quark Condensates Considered

The chiral effective Lagrangian for pseudoscalar nonet is constructed in consideration of isospin breaking. And the difference of quark condensates is taken accounted. The SU(3) singlet eta0 is not taken as Goldstone-boson. The mixing with and without isospin symmetry is considered. The quark mass ratios are obtained through solving the mass equations of mesons. We estimate the change of quark mass ratios according to the change of the masses of pion+ and kaon+ to see how the electromagnetic corrections affect our results. It turn out that massless up quark is possible. The upper limit for mu/md is around 0.39. 2ms/(mu+md)=24.23~25.12. The values for quark condensate ratios and other constants are limited in narrow ranges.Comment: 10 page

Salivary extracellular miRNAs for early detection and prognostication of esophageal cancer:a clinical study

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) will facilitate curative treatment. We aimed to establish a micro-RNA (miRNA) signature derived from salivary extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) for early ESCC detection and prognostication.METHODS: Salivary EVP miRNA expression was profiled in a pilot cohort (n=54) using microarray. Area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUROC) and lasso regression analyses were used to prioritize miRNAs that discriminated ESCC patients from controls. Using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, the candidates were measured in a discovery cohort (n=72) and cell lines. The prediction models for the biomarkers were derived from a training cohort (n=342) and validated in an internal cohort (n=207) and an external cohort (n=226).RESULTS: The microarray analysis identified 7 miRNAs for distinguishing ESCC patients from control subjects. Since one was not always detectable in the discovery cohort and cell lines, the other 6 miRNAs formed a panel. A signature of this panel accurately identified all-stage ESCC patients in the training cohort (AUROC=0.968) and was successfully validated in two independent cohorts. Importantly, this signature could distinguish early-stage (stage Ⅰ/ Ⅱ) ESCC patients from control subjects in the training cohort (AUROC=0.969, sensitivity=92.00%, specificity=89.17%), internal (sensitivity=90.32%, specificity=91.04%) and external (sensitivity=91.07%, specificity=88.06%) validation cohorts. Moreover, a prognostic signature based on the panel was established and efficiently predicted the high-risk cases with poor progression-free survival and overall survival.CONCLUSION: The salivary EVP-based 6-miRNA signature can serve as noninvasive biomarkers for early detection and risk stratification of ESCC. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000031507.</p