14,411 research outputs found
Collective modes of a harmonically trapped one-dimensional Bose gas: the effects of finite particle number and nonzero temperature
Following the idea of the density functional approach, we develop a
generalized Bogoliubov theory of an interacting Bose gas confined in a
one-dimensional harmonic trap, by using a local chemical potential - calculated
with the Lieb-Liniger exact solution - as the exchange energy. At zero
temperature, we use the theory to describe collective modes of a
finite-particle system in all interaction regimes from the ideal gas limit, to
the mean-field Thomas-Fermi regime, and to the strongly interacting
Tonks-Girardeau regime. At finite temperature, we investigate the temperature
dependence of collective modes in the weak-coupling regime by means of a
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory with Popov approximation. By emphasizing the
effects of finite particle number and nonzero temperature on collective mode
frequencies, we make comparisons of our results with the recent experimental
measurement [E. Haller et al., Science 325, 1224 (2009)] and some previous
theoretical predictions. We show that the experimental data are still not fully
explained within current theoretical framework.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Constraints on Unparticle Interactions from Invisible Decays of Z, Quarkonia and Neutrinos
Unparticles (\U) interact weakly with particles. The direct signature of
unparticles will be in the form of missing energy. We study constraints on
unparticle interactions using totally invisible decay modes of , vector
quarkonia and neutrinos. The constraints on the unparticle interaction
scale \Lambda_\U are very sensitive to the dimension d_\U of the
unparticles. From invisible and decays, we find that with d_\U close
to 1 for vector \U, the unparticle scale \Lambda_\U can be more than
TeV, and for d_\U around 2, the scale can be lower than one TeV. From
invisible neutrino decays, we find that if d_\U is close to 3/2, the scale
can be more than the Planck mass, but with d_\U around 2 the scale can be as
low as a few hundred GeV. We also study the possibility of using V (Z)\to
\gamma + \U to constrain unparticle interactions, and find that present data
give weak constraints.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, version to appear in JHEP
Iterated Strict Dominance in General Games
We offer a definition of iterated elimination of strictly dominated strategies (IESDS) for games with (in)finite players, (non)compact strategy sets, and (dis)continuous payoff functions. IESDS is always a well-defined order independent procedure that can be used to solve Nash equilibrium in dominance-solvable games. We characterize IESDS by means of a "stability" criterion, and offer a sufficient and necessary epistemic condition for IESDS. We show by an example that IESDS may generate spurious Nash equilibria in the class of Reny's better-reply secure games. We provide sufficient/necessary conditions under which IESDS preserves the set of Nash equilibria. Nous donnons une définition de l’élimination itérative des stratégies qui sont strictement donimées (EISSD) pour les jeux avec un nombre fini (ou infini) de joueurs , des ensembles de stratégies compactes (ou non-compactes), et des fonctions de gains continues (ou non-continues). Le processus EISSD est bien défini et indépendant de l’ordre d’élimination. Nous donnons une caractérisation du processus EISSD en utilisant un critère de stabilité et offrons une condition épistémologique. Nous démontrons que le processus EISSD peut produire des équilibres faux dans la classe des jeux de meilleures réponses sécuritaires de Reny. Nous donnons des conditions nécessaires et suffisantes pour que le processus EISSD conserve l’ensemble des équilibre de Nash.game theory, strict dominance, iterated elimination, Nash equilibrium, Reny's better-reply secure games., théorie des jeux, dominance stricte, élimination itérative, équilibre de Nash, jeux de meilleures réponses sécuritaires de Reny
Zero-Shot Visual Recognition using Semantics-Preserving Adversarial Embedding Networks
We propose a novel framework called Semantics-Preserving Adversarial
Embedding Network (SP-AEN) for zero-shot visual recognition (ZSL), where test
images and their classes are both unseen during training. SP-AEN aims to tackle
the inherent problem --- semantic loss --- in the prevailing family of
embedding-based ZSL, where some semantics would be discarded during training if
they are non-discriminative for training classes, but could become critical for
recognizing test classes. Specifically, SP-AEN prevents the semantic loss by
introducing an independent visual-to-semantic space embedder which disentangles
the semantic space into two subspaces for the two arguably conflicting
objectives: classification and reconstruction. Through adversarial learning of
the two subspaces, SP-AEN can transfer the semantics from the reconstructive
subspace to the discriminative one, accomplishing the improved zero-shot
recognition of unseen classes. Comparing with prior works, SP-AEN can not only
improve classification but also generate photo-realistic images, demonstrating
the effectiveness of semantic preservation. On four popular benchmarks: CUB,
AWA, SUN and aPY, SP-AEN considerably outperforms other state-of-the-art
methods by an absolute performance difference of 12.2\%, 9.3\%, 4.0\%, and
3.6\% in terms of harmonic mean value
Nonlinear Hall response in the driving dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical lattices
We propose that a nonlinear Hall response can be observed in Bloch
oscillations of ultracold atoms in optical lattices under the condition of
preserved time-reversal symmetry. In the short-time limit of Bloch oscillations
driven by a direct current (dc) field, the nonlinear Hall current dominates,
being a second-order response to the external field strength. The associated
Berry curvature dipole, which is a second-order nonlinear coefficient of the
driving field, can be obtained from the oscillation of atoms. In an alternating
current (ac) driving field, the nonlinear Hall response has a double frequency
of the driving force in the case of time-reversal symmetry.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
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