Multiple Key-value Strategy in Recommendation Systems Incorporating Large Language Model

Recommendation system (RS) plays significant roles in matching users information needs for Internet applications, and it usually utilizes the vanilla neural network as the backbone to handle embedding details. Recently, the large language model (LLM) has exhibited emergent abilities and achieved great breakthroughs both in the CV and NLP communities. Thus, it is logical to incorporate RS with LLM better, which has become an emerging research direction. Although some existing works have made their contributions to this issue, they mainly consider the single key situation (e.g. historical interactions), especially in sequential recommendation. The situation of multiple key-value data is simply neglected. This significant scenario is mainstream in real practical applications, where the information of users (e.g. age, occupation, etc) and items (e.g. title, category, etc) has more than one key. Therefore, we aim to implement sequential recommendations based on multiple key-value data by incorporating RS with LLM. In particular, we instruct tuning a prevalent open-source LLM (Llama 7B) in order to inject domain knowledge of RS into the pre-trained LLM. Since we adopt multiple key-value strategies, LLM is hard to learn well among these keys. Thus the general and innovative shuffle and mask strategies, as an innovative manner of data argument, are designed. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, extensive experiments are conducted on the popular and suitable dataset MovieLens which contains multiple keys-value. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach can nicely and effectively complete this challenging issue.Comment: Accepted by CIKM2023 workshop at GenRec'2

Regional Differences in Chinese Female Demand for Childcare Services of 0–3 Years: The Moderating and Mediating Effects of Family Childcare Context

There are multiple reasons to consider the use of formal childcare: parental employment, child development, fertility choices, elderly health, generational relations, etc. This study explores the relationship between regional differences (urban/rural; eastern/central/western) and demand for childcare services (quantity, price, quality) from birth to three years of age, moderated and mediated by the family childcare contexts among Chinese women. Altogether, 1770 mothers of children aged 0–3 were selected from a national survey and analyzed. There are three major findings: (1) Urban mothers show a willingness to spend on the higher monetary cost of center-based childcare compared to rural mothers, as a result of more severe work–child conflicts faced by urban women. Urban–rural gaps in individual and household income also contribute to the differences in affordability. (2) Mothers in eastern China have a more substantial need to place their infants or toddlers in nurseries before the age of three than their counterparts in central and western China, primarily due to a lack of grandparental and paternal childcare support and an expectation of higher quality programs. (3) There is no significant regional disparity in terms of care-related or education-related quality preferences. The paper proposes regional prioritized strategies and targeted services to address the “3A” problems of childcare provision

Metal-organic framework-derived nanocomposites for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

The rapid development of hydrogen energy is strongly dependent on the economic and efficient production of hydrogen. The electrocatalytic splitting of water to molecular hydrogen via the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) provides an appealing solution for producing high-purity hydrogen, but low-cost and highly active electrocatalysts are required for HER. Among currently investigated HER electrocatalysts, metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived nanocomposites constructed from transition metals (TMs)/TM compounds (TMCs) and carbon materials offer extremely promising and attractive HER activities because of their unique properties, such as tunable compositions, readily regulated electronic structures, controllable morphologies, and diverse configuration. Herein, this article provides a comprehensive overview of MOF-derived nanocomposites as HER electrocatalysts for water splitting. It begins with the introduction of the fundamentals of electrocatalytic HER. Afterwards, several ingeniously designed strategies for improved MOF-derived HER electrocatalysts are meticulously summarized and discussed, with special emphasis on the component manipulation of the TMs/TMCs, carbon matrix modifications, morphology tuning and electrode configuration engineering. Finally, future perspectives on the development of these nanocomposites as HER electrocatalysts are proposed.This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51672049, 51871060, 51727801 and 51831009), Research Grant for Talent Introduction of Fudan University, China (Grant No. JJH2021103), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018M640337 and 2019T120301), the Recruitment Program of Global Youth Experts and Fudan’s Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program, FDUROP

Central hypoventilation with cerebellar cortical dystrophy and hypoplasia of arcuate nuclei of brainstem

A baby boy was emergently delivered through normal spontaneous delivery due to meconium stain of amniotic fluid; his gestational age was 39 weeks, birth body weight 2935 g, head circumference 33 cm, Apgar scores were 6 and 9 at 1 min and 5 min, respectively. After birth, initially the baby behaved vigorously; however, nasal flaring and subcostal retractions occurred later. A chest x ray revealed a ground glass appearance. A nasal prong with intermittent mandatory ventilation was applied initially and was shifted to endotracheal intubation 1 day after birth due to persistent tachypnoea and subcostal retraction. Extubation was performed at the age of 3 days; however, frequent apnoea and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) down to 40% to 50% during sleep were noted and reintubation was performed. Apnoea and desaturation still happened if the ventilator rate was slowed down. A pulmonary function test revealed feeble chest wall motion and small tidal volume (2–3 ml/kg). It was attempted to wean the patient from the ventilator again at the age of 11 days. Unfortunately, the patient’s condition deteriorated suddenly. The baby survived for only 12 days

Growth of tapered SiC nanowires on flexible carbon fabric : toward field emission applications

Tapered silicon carbide (SiC) nanowires were directly grown on the surface of flexible carbon fabric by a chemical vapor deposition process. The products were systemically characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electronic diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results revealed that the tapered nanowires were of single crystalline β-SiC phase with the growth direction along [111] and had a feature of zigzag faceting over the wire surfaces. Such faceting was created by a quasi-periodic placement of twinning boundaries along the wire axis, which can be explained by surface energy minimization during the growth process. Based on the characterizations and thermodynamics analysis, the Fe-assisted vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) growth mechanism of tapered SiC nanowires was discussed. Furthermore, field emission measurements showed a very low turn-on field at 1.2 V μm–1 and a high field-enhancement factor of 3368. This study shows that SiC nanowires on carbon fabric have potential applications in electronic devices and flat panel displays

A general approach towards multi-faceted hollow oxide composites using zeolitic imidazolate frameworks

To realize the various functionalities and maximize the structural advantages, hollow particles with multiple compositions and complex structures are highly desirable. However, the development of a convenient and scalable method for the synthesis of such multi-compositionally complex hollow structures remains a big challenge. Herein, we report an efficient and universal strategy to fabricate a variety of porous hollow oxide nanocomposites (Co3O4/SiO2, Co3O4/TiO2, ZnO/SiO2, and ZnO/TiO2) composed of nanosized subunits, which involves a sol–gel process to form a shell onto the dodecahedral zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) template and a subsequent thermolysis-induced transformation of the template at appropriate temperatures. Such a multi-compositional hollow structure with a large surface area endows the materials with exceptional properties and performances. As an example, we demonstrated that these complex hollow oxide composites, especially the Co3O4/SiO2 hollow dodecahedra, exhibit a significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance as oxygen evolution photocatalysts.NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore)ASTAR (Agency for Sci., Tech. and Research, S’pore

New insights into the photocatalytic activity of 3-D core–shell P25@silica nanocomposites : impact of mesoporous coating

In this report, a three-dimensional (3-D) network of core–shell TiO2 (P25)–mesoporous SiO2 (P25@mSiO2) nanocomposites was prepared via a controllable surfactant-assisted sol–gel method. The nanocomposites were investigated for photocatalytic reactions of organic dye degradation, water splitting, and CO2 reduction to understand the roles of the mSiO2 shell in these photocatalytic reactions. It was found that the mSiO2 shell accelerates the photodegradation of the organic dye, but dramatically reduces the photocatalytic activity of P25 in water splitting and CO2 reduction. The roles played by the mSiO2 shell in the photocatalytic reactions are summarized as: (1) effective prevention of agglomeration of P25 nanoparticles, (2) facilitating the transfer of uncharged photo-generated •OH radicals via the abundant –OH groups on the mesoporous surface, (3) provision of increased reaction sites between •OH radicals and dye molecules by its mesoporous nanostructure and large surface area, and (4) prevention of diffusion of the photo-generated charge carriers (photoelectrons and photoholes) because of its insulating nature.NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore)MOE (Min. of Education, S’pore)Accepted versio