Dual Information Enhanced Multi-view Attributed Graph Clustering

Multi-view attributed graph clustering is an important approach to partition multi-view data based on the attribute feature and adjacent matrices from different views. Some attempts have been made in utilizing Graph Neural Network (GNN), which have achieved promising clustering performance. Despite this, few of them pay attention to the inherent specific information embedded in multiple views. Meanwhile, they are incapable of recovering the latent high-level representation from the low-level ones, greatly limiting the downstream clustering performance. To fill these gaps, a novel Dual Information enhanced multi-view Attributed Graph Clustering (DIAGC) method is proposed in this paper. Specifically, the proposed method introduces the Specific Information Reconstruction (SIR) module to disentangle the explorations of the consensus and specific information from multiple views, which enables GCN to capture the more essential low-level representations. Besides, the Mutual Information Maximization (MIM) module maximizes the agreement between the latent high-level representation and low-level ones, and enables the high-level representation to satisfy the desired clustering structure with the help of the Self-supervised Clustering (SC) module. Extensive experiments on several real-world benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed DIAGC method compared with the state-of-the-art baselines.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Reproducing Kernel Banach Spaces with the l1 Norm

Targeting at sparse learning, we construct Banach spaces B of functions on an input space X with the properties that (1) B possesses an l1 norm in the sense that it is isometrically isomorphic to the Banach space of integrable functions on X with respect to the counting measure; (2) point evaluations are continuous linear functionals on B and are representable through a bilinear form with a kernel function; (3) regularized learning schemes on B satisfy the linear representer theorem. Examples of kernel functions admissible for the construction of such spaces are given.Comment: 28 pages, an extra section was adde

Giant discoveries of oil and gas fields in global deepwaters in the past 40 years and the prospect of exploration

Deepwater exploration has been developed for more than 40 years since 1975; generally, its exploration history can be divided into the beginning stage (1975–1984), the early stage (1985–1995) and the rapid development stage (1996-now). Currently, deepwater areas have become the hotspot of global oil and gas exploration, and they are also one of the most important fields of oil and gas increase in reserves and production all over the world. In 40 years, global deepwater oil and gas discoveries are mainly distributed along five deepwater basin groups which are characterized by “three vertical and two horizontal” groups: (1) In deepwater basins of the Atlantic Ocean, giant discoveries of oil are mainly concentrated in Brazil, West Africa and the Gulf of Mexico, and significant discoveries of natural gas are mainly on the west coast of Norway in the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean; (2) In deepwater basins of the East African continental margin, a group of giant gas fields has been found in the Rovuma Basin and Tanzania Basin; (3) In deepwater basins of the West Pacific Ocean, giant discoveries of oil and gas are mainly concentrated in the South China Sea and Southeast Asian waters; (4) The deepwater basins of the Neo-Tethys Region are rich in gas, and the most important gas discoveries are mainly distributed in the northwest shelf of Australia and the eastern Mediterranean; and (5) In deepwater basins around the Arctic Pole, major discoveries of oil and gas have been only found in deepwater areas of the Barents sea. Global deepwater oil resources are mainly concentrated in the middle and south sections of the Atlantic Ocean. Deepwater gas resources are relatively widely spread and mainly distributed in the northern part of Atlantic Ocean deepwater basins, the deepwater basins of East Africa, the deepwater basins of the Neo-Tethys region and the deepwater basins around the Arctic Pole. There will be six domains for future oil-gas exploration of global deepwater basins which are characterized by “two old and four new” domains; specifically, “two old” domains referring to the Atlantic offshore deepwater basins and offshore deepwater basins of the Neo-Tethys structural domain, where the exploration degree is relatively high, and the potential is still great. While the “four new” domains stand for pre-salt and ultra deepwater basin formations, offshore deepwater basins surrounding the North Pole area and West Pacific offshore deepwater basins and the new fields will be the main fields of deepwater oil and gas exploration in the future. Keywords: Deepwater, Giant discoveries of oil and gas, Brazil, West Africa, Gulf of Mexico, East Africa, Northwest shelf of Australia, Eastern mediterranean, New fiel

Detection and functional resolution of soluble immune complexes by an FcγR reporter cell panel

Abstract Fc‐gamma receptor (FcγR) activation by soluble IgG immune complexes (sICs) represents a major mechanism of inflammation in certain autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A robust and scalable test system allowing for the detection and quantification of sIC bioactivity is missing. We developed a comprehensive reporter cell panel detecting activation of FcγRs. The reporter cell lines were integrated into an assay that enables the quantification of sIC reactivity via ELISA or a faster detection using flow cytometry. This identified FcγRIIA(H) and FcγRIIIA as the most sIC‐sensitive FcγRs in our test system. Reaching a detection limit in the very low nanomolar range, the assay proved also to be sensitive to sIC stoichiometry and size reproducing for the first time a complete Heidelberger‐Kendall curve in terms of immune receptor activation. Analyzing sera from SLE patients and mouse models of lupus and arthritis proved that sIC‐dependent FcγR activation has predictive capabilities regarding severity of SLE disease. The assay provides a sensitive and scalable tool to evaluate the size, amount, and bioactivity of sICs in all settings

Measurement of cross sections for charge pickup by 12C on elemental targets at 400 MeV/n

The nuclear charge pickup cross sections of 12C on CH2, C, Al, Cu, and Pb targets at the highest energy of 398 MeV/n were investigated using CR-39 nuclear track detector. The cross section for H was calculated from those measured on C and CH2targets. The dependence of charge pickup cross section on target mass was investigated, it was found that the nuclear charge pickup cross section is linearly depended on the target mass. This linear dependence is consistent with the prediction of nuclear peripheral and surface collision of charge pickup

Effect of JAK Inhibition on the Induction of Proinflammatory HLA–DR+CD90+ Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts by Interferon-γ

OBJECTIVE: Findings from recent transcriptome analyses of the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have revealed that 15-fold expanded HLA–DR+CD90+ synovial fibroblasts potentially act as key mediators of inflammation. The reasons for the expansion of HLA–DR+CD90+ synovial fibroblasts are unclear, but genetic signatures indicate that interferon-γ (IFNγ) plays a central role in the generation of this fibroblast subset. The present study was undertaken to investigate the generation, function and therapeutically intended blockage of HLA–DR+CD90+ synovial fibroblasts. METHODS: We combined functional assays using primary human materials and focused bioinformatic analyses of mass cytometry and transcriptomics patient data sets. RESULTS: We detected enriched and activated Fcγ receptor type IIIa–positive (CD16+) NK cells in the synovial tissue from patients with active RA. Soluble immune complexes were recognized by CD16 in a newly described reporter cell model, a mechanism that could be contributing to the activation of natural killer (NK) cells in RA. In vitro, NK cell–derived IFNγ induced HLA–DR on CD90+ synovial fibroblasts, leading to an inflammatory, cytokine-secreting HLA–DR+CD90+ phenotype. HLA–DR+CD90+ synovial fibroblasts consecutively activated CD4+ T cells upon receptor crosslinking via superantigens. HLA–DR+CD90+ synovial fibroblasts also activated CD4+ T cells in the absence of superantigens, an effect that was initiated by NK cell–derived IFNγ and that was 4 times stronger in patients with RA compared to patients with osteoarthritis. Finally, JAK inhibition in synovial fibroblasts prevented HLA–DR induction and blocked proinflammatory signals to T cells. CONCLUSION: The HLA–DR+CD90+ phenotype represents an activation state of synovial fibroblasts during the process of inflammation in RA that can be induced by IFNγ, likely generated from infiltrating leukocytes such as activated NK cells. The induction of these proinflammatory, interleukin-6–producing, and likely antigen-presenting synovial fibroblasts can be targeted by JAK inhibition