Vanishing river ice cover in the lower part of the Danube basin – signs of a changing climate

Many of the world’s largest rivers in the extra tropics are covered with ice during the cold season, and in the Northern Hemisphere approximately 60% of the rivers experience significant seasonal effects of river ice. Here we present an observational data set of the ice cover regime for the lower part of the Danube River which spans over the period 1837–2016, and its the longest one on record over this area. The results in this study emphasize the strong impact of climate change on the occurrence of ice regime especially in the second part of the 20th century. The number of ice cover days has decreased considerably (~28days/century) mainly due to an increase in the winter mean temperature. In a long-term context, based on documentary evidences, we show that the ice cover occurrence rate was relatively small throughout the Medieval Warm Period (MWP), while the highest occurrence rates were found during the Maunder Minimum and Dalton Minimum periods. We conclude that the river ice regime can be used as a proxy for the winter temperature over the analyzed region and as an indicator of climate-change related impacts

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and „ � and the technology parameters. For all cases, we observe that the total latency is not significantly higher than the minimum source-sink delay of 2739 ps (from Table I). VI. CONCLUSION Automated buffered routing is a necessity in modern very large-scale integration design. The contributions of this paper are two new problem formulations for buffered routing for single- and multiple-clock domains. Both of these formulations address problems that will become more prominent in future designs. Any computer-aided design (CAD) tools currently performing buffer insertion will eventually have to deal with synchronizer insertion. Furthermore, any SoC routing CAD tools will have to handle routing across multiple clock domains due to the increasing use of IPs. We solve both problems optimally in polynomial time via the RBP and GALS algorithms that build upon the fast path algorithm of [17]. Experimental results validate the correctness and practicality of the two algorithms for an aggressive technology. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors would like to thank H. Zhou for supplying fast path code and also to M. Thiagarajan for help with the figures and researching the background material on the MCFIFOs

Effective product recommendation using the real-time web

Paper presented at the Thirtieth SGAI International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AI-2010), 14-16 December 2010, Cambridge, England, UKThe so-called real-time web (RTW) is a web of opinions, comments, and personal viewpoints, often expressed in the form of short, 140-character text messages providing abbreviated and highly personalized commentary in real-time. Today, Twitter is undoubtedly the king of the RTW. It boasts 190 million users and generates in the region of 65m tweets per day. This RTW data is far from the structured data (movie ratings, product features, etc.) that is familiar to recommender systems research but it is useful to consider its applicability to recommendation scenarios. In this paper we consider harnessing the real-time opinions of users, expressed through the Twitter-like short textual reviews available on the Blippr service (www.blippr.com). In particular we describe how users and products can be represented from the terms used in their associated reviews and describe experiments to highlight the recommendation potential of this RTW data-source and approach.Science Foundation IrelandEmbargo until January 2012 - AV 8/2/201