Craniofacial resection for tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses - A 17-year experience

Background. The rarity of sinonasal tumors has precluded long-term follow-up of large series of craniofacial resections until now. Methods. A series of 209 patients suffering from a wide range of histologies who had undergone craniofacial resection for sinonasal neoplasia with up to 17 years' follow-up were analyzed. Results. An overall actuarial survival of 51% at 5 years and 41% at 10 years was found for the cohort as a whole. For malignant tumors, the 5-year actuarial survival was 44%, falling to 32% at 10 years. For benign pathology, the actuarial survival was 75% at both 5 and 10 years. Statistical analysis identified three factors which significantly affect outcome and survival: malignant histology, brain involvement, and orbital involvement. Few complications are associated with the surgery, with the mean postoperative stay being 16 days. Conclusions. The improved survival and minimal morbidity and mortality associated with craniofacial resection make it the optimum approach to sinonasal tumors.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Apparent resistivity and spectral induced polarization in the submarine environment

Relatively few investigations have employed electrical methods in the submarine environment, which may be promising for mineral deposits or threatened by environmental problems. We have measured the electric field using both disk and bar electrodes in the sea water at three different levels: sea surface, seven meters deep, and sea bottom at a depth of ten meters, employing a 2 m spacing dipole-dipole array with 7 array spacings of investigation, and 13 values of frequencies at steps of (2N hertz, N = -2, -1, 0, 1, 2,.....10). The measurement allowed the analysis of the electric field as a function of frequency and spacing, and of the spectral induced polarization. Modelling and interpretation of the apparent resistivity yielded a good fit with previous drilling data. Analysis of the spectrum of the complex apparent resistivity and the comparison with equivalent circuits, provided information about the grain size, the mineral composition and the major induced polarization phenomenon occurring below the sea. Therefore the result of the present research show the feasibility of measuring the variation of seawater resistivity in situ, as well as the resistivity of sea bottom sediments.<br>Relativamente poucas investigações têm empregado métodos elétricos no ambiente submarino, o qual pode ser promissor para depósitos minerais ou ameaçado por problemas ambientais. Nós medimos o campo elétrico usando eletrodos em forma de disco e de barra na água do mar, em três níveis distintos: superfície, sete metros de profundidade, e fundo do mar a dez metros de profundidade, empregando um dispositivo dipolo-dipolo com 2m de afastamento, 7 níveis de investigação e 13 valores de freqüência a intervalos de (2N hertz, N = -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, ... 10). A medida permitiu a análise do campo elétrico como uma função de freqüência e afastamento, e da polarização induzida espectral. A modelagem e a interpretação da resistividade aparente se ajustaram bem aos dados de perfurações prévias. A análise do espectro da função complexa da resistividade aparente e sua comparação com circuitos equivalentes geraram informações a respeito de tamanho do grão, composição mineral e do aspecto principal do fenômeno de polarização ocorrendo abaixo do fundo do mar. Portanto, o resultado da presente pesquisa mostra ser exeqüível medir a variação da resistividade da água do mar, assim como a resistividade dos sedimentos do fundo do mar in situ

Surgery and rehabilitation for cancers involving the larynx

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The treatment of laryngeal cancer in Europe and functional outcome

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