Determinantes del comportamiento sexual y reproductivo de las y los adolescentes en colegios urbanos y rurales de la Ciudad de Macas. Ecuador 2014

Antecedentes: Los elementos determinantes de la salud sexual y reproductiva en los adolescentes son variables, y podría estar condicionando mayores tasas de patologías y embarazos no deseados en esta población joven. Objetivo: Identificar los determinantes del comportamiento sexual y reproductivo en los adolescentes de los colegios Urbanos y Rurales de la Ciudad de Macas. Método y materiales: Se trató de un estudio descriptivo llevado a cabo en los colegios 27 de Febrero, 29 de Mayo, Colegio Don Bosco, Técnico Nacional Macas, Unidad Educativa Eloy Alfaro y Unidad Educativa María Auxiliadora, se recogió información de estudiantes entre 10-19 años, tras la obtención del consentimiento informado, se aplicó una encuesta elaborada por el proyecto CERCA. Para el análisis se utilizó el programa SPSS 15 donde se realizaron tablas de frecuencia. Resultados esperados: La media de edad fue de 16,23 años, DE=1,48 años; el 53,2% fue de sexo femenino; se presentaron buenas condiciones de convivencia con padres, vivienda y servicios básicos; el 1,1% de estudiantes no profesan ninguna religión; la fecundidad familiar tuvo una media de 5,04 hijos con un DE=2,4; los indicadores de autoestima y percepción de genero fueron elevadas, el 42,4% no maneja información sobre sexualidad, tampoco la buscan 27,4%, la fuente de información es el internet 39,3%; el 47,6% hablan con los padres de sexualidad, siendo la madre la que más mencionan; el 37,7% ya ha tenido relaciones sexuales y el 36,8% no utiliza método anticonceptivo. Conclusiones: Los adolescente están expuestos varios determinantes que influyen en su comportamiento sexual y reproductivo por lo que se debe evaluar estas situaciones y plantear intervenciones.Background: The most important elements in the sexual and reproductive health of the teenagers are very variables it could be the reason to get higher tases of pathologies and unwanted pregnancies in this poblation. Objective: Identify the caracteristics of the sexual and reproductive behavior in the teenagers that study in urban and rural high schools in Macas city. Methods And Materials: It is about a descriptive study made in 27 de Febrero, 29 de Mayo, Don Bosco, Técnico Nacional Macas, Eloy Alfaro and María Auxiliadora high schools. The information is from teenagers between 10 – 19 years, with the informed consent. This poblational group took a survey that was made by CERCA proyect. The analysis was made with SPSS program with frequency tables. Results: The middle age was 16,23 years, SD: 1,48 years; 53,2% are women; the study found good live conditions with parents, housing and basic services; the 1,1% of the students don´t have any religion; the familiar fertility had a media of 5,04 childs with a SD of 2,4, the self-esteem and perception of gender was higher, the 42,4% doesn´t know about sexuality and don´t search it eighter 27,4%, the most of the information comes by the internet 39,3%. The 47,6% talks with their parents about sexuality, the mother is the most common person who talks about it. The 37,7% already had sexual intercourses and the 36,8% don’t use any contraceptives methods. Conclusions: The teenagers are expoused to many determinants that influence in their sexual and reproductive´s behavior that is why is necessary to evaluate this situations and make some interventions.MédicoCuenc

Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics in Evaluation of LIXisenatide in Acute Coronary Syndrome, a long-term cardiovascular end point trial of lixisenatide versus placebo

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Furthermore, patients with T2DM and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have a particularly high risk of CV events. The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, lixisenatide, improves glycemia, but its effects on CV events have not been thoroughly evaluated. METHODS: ELIXA (www.clinicaltrials.gov no. NCT01147250) is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study of lixisenatide in patients with T2DM and a recent ACS event. The primary aim is to evaluate the effects of lixisenatide on CV morbidity and mortality in a population at high CV risk. The primary efficacy end point is a composite of time to CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Data are systematically collected for safety outcomes, including hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, and malignancy. RESULTS: Enrollment began in July 2010 and ended in August 2013; 6,068 patients from 49 countries were randomized. Of these, 69% are men and 75% are white; at baseline, the mean ± SD age was 60.3 ± 9.7 years, body mass index was 30.2 ± 5.7 kg/m(2), and duration of T2DM was 9.3 ± 8.2 years. The qualifying ACS was a myocardial infarction in 83% and unstable angina in 17%. The study will continue until the positive adjudication of the protocol-specified number of primary CV events. CONCLUSION: ELIXA will be the first trial to report the safety and efficacy of a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist in people with T2DM and high CV event risk